El nuevo marco institucional ambiental en Chile

En esta nota se realizan algunos apuntes sobre la Ley 20417, de 26 de enero de 2010, que introduce un nuevo marco institucional ambiental para Chile. En este sentido, se hace una revisión histórica de la protección al medio ambiente en Chile, y la influencia que ha tenido la comunidad internacional en la construcción institucional ambiental en el país, hasta llegar al modelo que propone esta Ley

Public Service and Electric Utilities Development in Europe Starting from the Spanish Experience

Se analiza la evolución que ha tenido la institución del servicio público, desde su nacimiento en el siglo XIX, hasta su estadio actual, en que la liberalización de los servicios económicos promovida por la Unión Europea ha alterado su naturaleza, en el sentido de integrar el paradigma del mercado como medio idóneo de asignación de recursos a la concepción de prestación pública de determinados servicios a la comunidad en condiciones de calidad, continuidad y a precios accesibles. El estudio se propone analizar la relación del servicio público con un sector económico concreto: el eléctrico, para la realidad europea, y desde una mirada de la realidad española.Analysis of the development of the public utilities board, from its origin in the 19th century, until its current status, when the liberalization of the economic services boosted by the European Union has altered its nature by incorporating the market paradigm as an ideal means to allocate resources to the idea of rendering certain state-owned services to the community with quality, continuity and at affordable prices. This study is aimed at analyzing the relationship of the public services with a specific economic area: electric utilities, for the European reality, from an insight into the Spanish experience

La seguridad energética en la Unión Europea: ¿un modelo a imitar?

This paper studies the strategy of the European Union in terms of energy security. The analysis is done from two dimensions: internal and external. The first one aims to remove the concerns about energy security from a purely national level, to file it as a regional phenomenon, which must be addressed by all the Member States, under the guidance of the EU institutions. The external dimension, however, calls for dialogue of Europe, with one voice, with third States holders of energy resources in order to develop common strategies about the energy security. All together, in order to see if is possible to get some lessons in the art for our country.Se estudia la estrategia de la Unión Europea en materia de seguridad energética. El análisis se hace desde una doble dimensión: interna y exterior. La primera de ellas pretende extraer la preocupación por la seguridad energética desde un ámbito exclusivamente nacional, para radicarlo como un fenómeno regional, que debe ser abordado por el conjunto de los Estados miembro bajo la directriz de las instituciones de la UE. La dimensión exterior, en cambio, propone el diálogo de Europa, con una sola voz, con terceros Estados poseedores de recursos energéticos, a fin de elaborar estrategias comunes y colaborativas de seguridad energética. Esto, con la finalidad de ver si es posible obtener algunas enseñanzas para Chile en la materia

Education for Gender Equality

En esta comunicación se aborda el tema de la educación para la igualdad entre los géneros. En primer lugar, se presenta la normativa vigente que regula la igualdad entre mujeres y hombres en materia de educación. En segundo lugar, se exponen diversos aspectos de la educación relacionados con la equidad y la igualdad de género. Finalmente, se presentan las conclusionesThis communication addresses the issue of education for gender equality. First, it shows the current regulations concerning equality between women and men in education. Second, it outlines several aspects of education related to equity and gender equality. Finally, we present the conclusions

The gap between Near Zero Emissions Buildings and the Spanish building regulation

[EN] Due to the effects of climate change, energy has become one of the most relevant topics nowadays. Because of the increasing amount of electronic devices, the dependency to energy consumption is increasing every year. At the same time, in order to avoid the devastating effects of global warming, it is crucial to find ways to lower the energy consumption in buildings. In recent decades, the building regulations have been updated several times to account for this changing reality. However, is the local Spanish energy regulation restrictive enough to reach Near Zero Energy Buildings (NZEB)? This study aims to answer this question through a case study. A single-family house built in Valencia in 2013 has been analyzed by comparing the current state and how it would have been constructed under the updated legislation. The work is conducted through energy simulation and Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The energy simulation is performed with OpenStudio, which uses the calculation engine EnergyPlus. The LCA was carried out using SimaPro and the Ecoinvent database. By analyzing the results obtained in both cases, it is possible to analyze the effectiveness of the CTE DB HE 2019 compared to the applicable norm in 2013 in terms of reducing energy consumption and the CO2 equivalent emissions. It can be concluded that although the current legislation is a significant improvement over previous ones, it is not enough to reach NZEB.Quintana Gallardo, A. (2023). The gap between Near Zero Emissions Buildings and the Spanish building regulation. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 648-656. https://doi.org/10.4995/VIBRArch2022.2022.1516264865

Accreditation of professional skills: Spanish experiences

The article refers to the Spanish experience in the field of accreditation of skills acquired through informal education. It also shows the role of counselor in this process and describes the procedure of evaluation for certification of professional competenc

Análisis de la eficiencia de las empresas lecheras de Corrientes

El objeto de estudio del presente trabajo ha sido la eficiencia de una empresa lechera de la provincia de Corrientes en Argentina. Como objetivo general nos propusimos determinar los factores que influyen en la eficiencia de la misma. Tomamos un caso y establecimos como objetivos específicos describir las características del mismo, determinar las unidades de decisión eficientes e ineficientes, e identificar las causas que generaron esas diferencias.! Desde el punto de vista de los objetivos intrínsecos de la investigación, la misma fue descriptiva; desde los extrínsecos, pura. Según la fuente de los datos, bibliográfica y de campo. De acuerdo con la variable tiempo, longitudinal y desde el enfoque epistemológico, cuantitativa.! Teniendo en cuenta los objetivos fijados, concluimos afirmando que existen diversos factores que influyen en la eficiencia de este tipo de empresas, tales como pasturas, clima, biotipo animal utilizado, sanidad del mismo, ciclo de pariciones, desventajas competitivas que existen para los productores de la zona respecto aquellos ubicados en las principales cuencas lecheras del país, manejo del ganado, vientres totales, vientres en ordeñe y litros de leche. A través de la aplicación del análisis envolvente de datos, técnica de investigación operativa, pudimos determinar que la eficiencia del caso estudiado estu- vo acompañada por la relación existente entre la cuantía de vientres totales y el número de vientres en ordeñe.The study object of this thesis was the efficiency of a dairy company in the province of Corrientes. As a general objective we attempt to determine the factors that influence into its efficiency. We set a case and establish as specific objectives to describe its characteristics, to determine the efficient and inefficient decision units, and to identify the causes that generated those differences.! According to the intrinsic goals of the investigation, it was descriptive, from the extrinsic, pure. According to the data source, it was a literature and field research. Continuing with the time variable, it was longitudinal and from the epistemological approach, quantitative.! Considering all the objectives established, we conclude by stating that there are several factors that influence into these kind of businesses efficiency. Those are: grazing, climate, animal biotype used, its health, calving cycle, competitive disadvantages that exist for local producers in comparison to those that are located in the main dairy regions of the country, livestock management, total cows, total cows that are able to be milked and gallons of milk. With the application of data envelopment analysis, an operative investigation technique, we determined that the efficiency of the case studied is related to the relation between the quantity of total cows and the numbers of cows that are able to be milke

Twitter como recurso metodológico no Ensino Superior: uma experiência educacional com alunos do Serviço Social

El perfil del estudiante universitario está experimentando cambios significativos que obligan a las universidades a replantearse nuevas estrategias metodológicas para favorecer los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. En este trabajo se analizan los principales resultados derivados de un proyecto de innovación apoyado en la incorporación de Twitter como recurso metodológico colaborativo, colectivo e innovador en Educación Superior. El objetivo general del estudio es explorar el impacto educativo del uso de Twitter como recurso didáctico, y cómo perciben los estudiantes la utilidad de este instrumento integrado en una metodología participativa. La muestra se compone de 137 estudiantes de primer curso del Grado en Trabajo Social de la Universidad Pablo de Olavide, de Sevilla (España). Se trata de un estudio ex post facto y transversal, que parte de una metodología descriptiva, utilizando instrumentos de recogida y análisis de la información de corte cualitativo y cuantitativo. En líneas generales, los resultados obtenidos tras el análisis de la participación, de los comentarios elaborados por los estudiantes y del contenido audiovisual compartido, abordan cuestiones centradas en la influencia del uso de Twitter para la mejora de la dinámica natural del desarrollo académico en la asignatura de Introducción a la Pedagogía Social, observando como aporta numerosos beneficios en la creación colectiva del aprendizaje, desde la colaboración, la participación y la cohesión de grupo.The profile of the university student is undergoing significant changes that are forcing universities to rethink new methodological strategies to favour teaching-learning processes. In this paper we analyze the main results derived from an innovation project supported by the incorporation of Twitter as a collaborative, collective and innovative methodological resource in Higher Education. The general objective of the study is to explore the educational impact of the use of Twitter as a teaching resource, and how students perceive the usefulness of this instrument integrated into a participatory methodology. The sample is composed of 137 first-year students of the Degree in Social Work of Pablo de Olavide University, Seville (Spain). It is an ex post facto and transversal study, which starts from a descriptive methodology, using instruments for the collection and analysis of qualitative and quantitative information. In general terms, the results obtained after the analysis of participation, of the comments made by the students and of the shared audiovisual content, address questions centred on the influence of the use of Twitter for the improvement of the natural dynamics of academic development in the subject of Introduction to Social Pedagogy, observing how it provides numerous benefits in the collective creation of learning, from collaboration, participation and group cohesion.O perfil do estudante universitário está passando por mudanças significativas que obrigam as universidades a repensarem novas estratégias metodológicas para favorecer os processos de ensino-aprendizagem. Este artigo analisa os principais resultados derivados de um projeto de inovação apoiado na incorporação do Twitter como recurso metodológico colaborativo, coletivo e inovador no Ensino Superior. O objetivo geral do estudo é explorar o impacto educacional da utilização do Twitter como recurso didático, e como os alunos percebem a utilidade deste instrumento integrado em uma metodologia participativa. A amostra é constituída por 137 alunos do primeiro ano do Curso de Licenciatura em Serviço Social da Universidade Pablo de Olavide, Sevilha (Espanha). Trata-se de um estudo ex post facto e transversal, que parte de uma metodologia descritiva, utilizando instrumentos qualitativos e quantitativos de coleta e análise das informações. Em linhas gerais, os resultados obtidos após a análise da participação, os comentários feitos pelos alunos e o conteúdo audiovisual compartilhado, abordam questões focadas na influência do uso do Twitter para melhorar a dinâmica natural de desenvolvimento acadêmico na disciplina de Introdução à Pedagogia Social, observando como ela proporciona inúmeros benefícios na criação coletiva de aprendizagem, a partir da colaboração, participação e coesão do grupo

UN MODELO PSICOLÓGICO DE LA INTENCIONALIDAD

The purpose of this research is to present a theoretical model of intentionality; issue that has historically been poorly treated recently by philosophy and psychology. However, it is important to know that, from the emergence of cognitions, intentionality is a recurring theme. The model consists of an agent or perpetrator who acts intentionally and aims to achieve a goal. There are two ways of understanding the intent: first, as a conscious action from the outset planned, as when a trip to another country is carried out. The second, while mechanical, automatic, unconscious, as when driving a car expert, but the action can recognize consciously action at any time. In both situations the agent has the potential to feed back their behavior, whether or not reach the goal, which would self-regulate behavior and try again to achieve the intended purpose