52 research outputs found
Multidisciplinary Prospective Study of Mother-to-Child Chikungunya Virus Infections on the Island of La RĂ©union
In a prospective study on the island of La RĂ©union, Marc Lecuit and colleagues find frequent transmission of Chikungunya virus by viremic mothers giving birth during an outbreak, resulting in serious infant illness
Chikungunya Virus Infection during Pregnancy, RĂ©union, France, 2006
Except for prenatal hospital admissions for those infected, this virus had no effect on outcomes
Characterization by liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrometry of monoclonal anti-IGF-1 receptor antibodies produced in CHO and NS0 cells
7H2HM is a new humanized recombinant monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and produced
in CHO cells. Homogeneity of intact antibody, reduced light and heavy chains, Fab and Fc fragments were investigated by analytical methods
based on mass (SDS-PAGE, SEC), charge (IEF, C-IEX) and hydrophobicity differences (RP-HPLC, HIC) and compared side-by-side with
A2CHM, produced in NS0 cells. Primary structures and disulfide bridge pairing were analyzed by microsequencing (Edman degradation),
mass spectrometry (MALDIâTOF, ESâTOF) and peptide mapping after enzymatic digestion (Trypsin, endoprotease Lys-C, papain). The
light chains demonstrated the expected sequences. The heavy chains yielded post-translational modifications previously reported for other
recombinant humanized or human IgG1 such as N-terminal pyroglutamic acid, C-terminal lysine clipping and N-glycosylation for asparagine
297. More surprisingly, two-thirds of the 7H2HM heavy chains were shown to contain an additional 24-amino-acid sequence, corresponding
to the translation of an intron located between the variable and the constant domains. Taken together these data suggest that 7H2HM is a
mixture of three families of antibodies corresponding (i) to the expected structure (17%; 149 297 Da; 1330 amino acids), (ii) a variant with a
translated intron in one heavy chains (33%; 152 878 Da; 1354 amino acids) and (iii) a variant with translated introns in two heavy chains (50%;
154 459 Da; 1378 amino acids), respectively. RP-HPLC is not a commonly used chromatographic method to assess purity of monoclonal
antibodies but unlike to SEC and SDS-PAGE, was able to show and to quantify the family of structures present in 7H2HM, which were also
identified by peptide mapping, mass spectrometry and microsequencing
Low Clinical Burden of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Infection during Pregnancy on the Island of La RĂ©union
BACKGROUND: Pregnant women have been identified as a group at risk, both for respiratory complications than for the admissions to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) during the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic (pdm). The purpose of this prospective register-based cohort-study was to characterize the clinical virulence of the pdm (H1N1/09)v during pregnancy in La RĂ©union. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Over a twelve-week pdm wave (13 July to 3 October 2009), 294 pregnant women presented with an influenza-like illness (ILI) to one of the three maternity departments of the South Reunion area, Indian Ocean. Out of these, 278 were checked by RT-PCR for influenza viruses (157 positive and 121 negative, of whom, 141 with pdm flu and 132 with ILIs of non pdm origin, 5 untyped). The median body temperature was higher in women experiencing pdm flu than in those with non pdm ILI (38.9 degrees C versus 38.3 degrees C, P<0.0001), without evidence linked to circulating viremia. Oseltamivir was given for 86% of pdm flu cases in a median time inferior than 48 hrs (range 0-7 days). The hospitalization rate for pdm flu was of 60% and not associated with underlying conditions. Six viral pneumonia and fourteen asthma attacks were observed among 84 hospitalized pdm flu cases, of whom, only one led to the ICU for an acute lung injury. No maternal death occurred during the pdm wave. None adverse pregnancy outcome was associated with pdm flu. No congenital birth defect, nor early-onset neonatal influenza infection was attributable to pdm flu exposure. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This report mitigates substantially the presumed severity of pandemic H1N1/09 influenza infection during pregnancy. The reasons for which the clinical burden of H1N1/09 influenza virus may differ worldwide raise questions about a differential local viral-strain effect and public health preparedness, notably in timely access to special care and antiviral treatments
Photography-based taxonomy is inadequate, unnecessary, and potentially harmful for biological sciences
The question whether taxonomic descriptions naming new animal species without type specimen(s) deposited in collections should be accepted for publication by scientific journals and allowed by the Code has already been discussed in Zootaxa (Dubois & NemĂ©sio 2007; Donegan 2008, 2009; NemĂ©sio 2009aâb; Dubois 2009; Gentile & Snell 2009; Minelli 2009; Cianferoni & Bartolozzi 2016; Amorim et al. 2016). This question was again raised in a letter supported
by 35 signatories published in the journal Nature (Pape et al. 2016) on 15 September 2016. On 25 September 2016, the following rebuttal (strictly limited to 300 words as per the editorial rules of Nature) was submitted to Nature, which on
18 October 2016 refused to publish it. As we think this problem is a very important one for zoological taxonomy, this text is published here exactly as submitted to Nature, followed by the list of the 493 taxonomists and collection-based
researchers who signed it in the short time span from 20 September to 6 October 2016
Analyse du processus de mesure de la métrique des points de fonction
Métriques et modÚles de productivité -- Les définitions -- Caractéristiques -- Les modÚles de productivité et d'estimation -- Pertinence des comparaisons : environnement non-homogÚnes -- Description et évolution de la métrique -- Le modÚle du processus de mesure -- Recherches expérimentales : fiabilité de la métrique -- Recherches expérimentales : productivité et estimation -- Recherches expérimentales -- métriques dérivées -- Recherches expérimentales -- processus de mesure -- Identification des problématiques -- La problématique de la recherche
Identification of the Structural Weaknesses of Function Point Metrics
this article we will only refer to the current offical standard, IFPUG 9
Informing the Design of a Software-Development Assessment Method with the âCoordinative Artifactsâ Framework
International audienceThere is an assumption often claimed and occasionally demonstrated by software engineering researchers and practitioners, that: The quality of designed software artifacts de-pends on the quality of interactions (collaborations) between members of the design team.Relying on the coordinative artifacts framework, we propose to enrich the existing CoDyMA (Collaborative Dynamics Measurement and Analysis) method with a procedure for assessing the quality of coordination interactions and the quality of coordination artifacts within a development team. First, we give an overview of the current CoDyMA method. Second, we present an overview of the coordinative artifacts framework. Third, we discuss how the assessment of coordination activities and artifacts is currently envisioned in CoDyMA (this discussion is illustrated with a case study). Fourth, we initiate a discussion on how the coordinative artifacts framework could inform the CoDyMA method
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