Comparison of Protein Profiles of Gingival Crevicular Fluids Collected from Incisors, Canines, and Molars

Many studies have shown that gingival crevicular fluid （GCF） reflects the inflammatory state of local periodontal tissues. GCF has been collected from several types of teeth in previous studies. However, there is no report that characterizes GCF by the type of tooth. In the present study, the protein profiles of GCF from different sites were comprehensively compared with each other. GCF was sampled from six healthy adult men （21-31 years old） with healthy periodontal tissues. Three separate GCF samples were collected at the maxillary central incisor, canine, and first molar of each individual. The protein profiles of GCF were analyzed using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatogram-tandem mass spectrometry （LC-MS/MS）. The band patterns on the sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis from the set of three GCF samples from each individual were similar, regardless of the type of tooth. The proteins contained in each band were identified by LC-MS/MS analysis, and they were found to be the same among the three GCF samples. A comprehensive and quantitative analysis of proteins in the GCF samples was performed by LC-MS/MS using isobaric tag labeling. In total, 86 proteins were identified in GCF. A small number of proteins were increased or decreased in GCF from the first molars compared with the other types of teeth in one or two individuals. However, overall, no proteins were found to exhibit a reproducibly different composition in any of the individuals. These analyses show that the protein profiles of GCF in healthy periodontal tissues are similar, regardless of the type of tooth

Integration of an On-Axis General Sun-Tracking Formula in the Algorithm of an Open-Loop Sun-Tracking System

A novel on-axis general sun-tracking formula has been integrated in the algorithm of an open-loop sun-tracking system in order to track the sun accurately and cost effectively. Sun-tracking errors due to installation defects of the 25 m2 prototype solar concentrator have been analyzed from recorded solar images with the use of a CCD camera. With the recorded data, misaligned angles from ideal azimuth-elevation axes have been determined and corrected by a straightforward changing of the parameters' values in the general formula of the tracking algorithm to improve the tracking accuracy to 2.99 mrad, which falls below the encoder resolution limit of 4.13 mrad

Characterisation of human saliva as a platform for oral dissolution medium development

Human saliva is a biological fluid of great importance in the field of dissolution testing. However, until now, no consensus has been reached on its key characteristics relevant to dissolution testing. As a result, it is difficult to select or develop an in vitro dissolution medium to best represent human saliva. In this study, the pH, buffer capacity, surface tension, viscosity and flow rate of both unstimulated (US) and stimulated (SS) human saliva were investigated in order to provide a platform of reference for future dissolution studies using simulated salivary fluids. Age and gender related differences in a sample size of 30 participants for each parameter were investigated. Significant differences were established between US and SS for all characteristics except surface tension. Therefore, the requirement for using two simulated salivary fluids should be considered when developing an oral dissolution model

Zinc deficiency and neurodevelopment: the case of neurons

Zinc is essential for normal brain development. Gestational severe zinc deficiency can lead to overt fetal brain malformations. Although not teratogenic, suboptimal zinc nutrition during gestation can have long-term effects on the offspring's nervous system. This article will review current knowledge on the role of zinc in modulating neurogenesis and neuronal apoptosis as well as the proposed underlying mechanisms. A decrease in neuronal zinc causes cell cycle arrest, which in part involves a deregulation of select signals (ERK1/2, p53, and NF-κB). Zinc deficiency also induces apoptotic neuronal death through the intrinsic (mitochondrial) pathway, which can be triggered by the activation of the zinc-regulated enzyme caspase-3, and as a consequence of abnormal regulation of prosurvival signals (ERK1/2 and NF-κB). Alterations in the finely tuned processes of neurogenesis, neuronal migration, differentiation, and apoptosis, which involve the developmental shaping of the nervous system, could have a long-term impact on brain health. Zinc deficiency during gestation, even at the marginal levels observed in human populations, could increase the risk for behavioral/neurological disorders in infancy, adolescence, and adulthood.Fil: Adamo, Ana María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Oteiza, Patricia Isabel. University of California at Davis; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Impact of the international accounting standards of Japanese financial statements: applying to the IAS to the financial statements prepared under the Japanese accounting standards

SIGLEAvailable from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, D-21400 Kiel W 482 (21) / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman