Modify Flipped Model of Co-regulation and Shared-regulation Impact in Higher Education, and Role of Facilitator on Student's Achievement

2021 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI'21)Flipped learning approach is a well-organized learning model leading to efficient active learning, effective peer-to-peer collaboration, and student-teacher interaction. However, to date, strategic implementation of co-regulation and shared regulation is rare in a flipped model in higher education. Hence, applying the self-regulation, co-regulation and shared-regulation strategies in flipped learning model is something necessary. Aims: This research is to propose and modify the current flipped learning model by adding some elements like providing some co-regulation and shared regulation strategies to enhance the level of student’s self-regulation skills giving rise to better student’s academic achievements by using technology next to instructor support. Methodology: The proposed model consists of the self-regulation, co-regulation and shared regulation strategies to enhance student’s academic performance in a peer-to-peer interactive way by creating a pool of scripted dialogical regulation questions to collaboratively assessment of the student’s self-regulation resulted from learning analytics and semantic analysis of the regulation dialogical questions and answers exchanged by students online. Results: The expected outcome of this research is a modified flipped model for students in higher education to strategically have an effective self-regulation and peer-to-peer co-regulation. Their enhancement leads to effective peer-to-peer collaboration and better academic success.N/

Mulberry Leaf Extract Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Mediated Testosterone Depletion in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Background: It has been proposed that oxidative stress may contribute to the development of testicular abnormalities in diabetes. Morus alba leaf extract (MAE) has hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties. We, therefore, explored the impact of the administration of MAE on steroidogenesis in diabetic rats. Methods: To address this hypothesis, we measured the serum level of glucose, insulin, and free testosterone (Ts) as well as oxidative stress parameters (including glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, total antioxidant capacity, and malondialdehyde) in the testis of control, untreated and MAE-treated (1 g/day/kg) diabetic rats. In order to determine the likely mechanism of MAE action on Ts levels, we analyzed the quantitative mRNA expression level of the two key steroidogenic proteins, namely steroid acute regulatory protein (StAR) and P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), by real-time PCR. Results: The MAE-treated diabetic rats had significantly decreased glucose levels and on the other hand increased insulin and free Ts levels than the untreated diabetic rats. In addition, the administration of MAE to the diabetic rats restored the oxidative stress parameters toward control. Induction of diabetes decreased testicular StAR mRNA expression by 66% and MAE treatment enhanced mRNA expression to the same level of the control group. However, the expression of P540scc was not significantly decreased in the diabetic group as compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that MAE significantly increased Ts production in the diabetic rats, probably through the induction of StAR mRNA expression levels. Administration of MAE to experimental models of diabetes can effectively attenuate oxidative stress-mediated testosterone depletion. Please cite this article as: Hajizadeh MR, Eftekhar E, Zal F, Jaffarian A, Mostafavi-Pour Z. Mulberry Leaf Extract Attenuates Oxidative Stress-Mediated Testosterone Depletion in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Iran J Med Sci. 2014;39(2):123-129

Evaluation of CD30/CD4/CD8 in triple-negative invasive ductal carcinoma of breast in association with clinicopathological prognostic factors

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks the benefits of receptor-targeted therapeutic strategies. The limitations in treatment options along with poor patients' outcome heighten the need for novel approaches. Due to recent concentration on the role of biomarkers in prognosis, treatment, and survival of various cancer subtypes, this study involves an investigation of CD4, CD8, and CD30 markers detected by immunohistochemistry in TNBCs and their association with clinicopathological and prognostic factors. Materials and Methods: Tissue samples of 85 hormone receptor- and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-negative ductal breast carcinomas extracted from the archive of pathology department. Regarding CD4/CD8 ratio, the infiltrated T-lymphocytes were investigated. The tumoral tissue regions were also identified to be immunohistochemically assessed for the CD30 expression levels. Results: With an elevated CD4/CD8 ratio, a significant increase in lymph node involvement was observed (P < 0.05); in contrast, increased expression levels of CD8 were related to significant reduction of lymph node involvement. CD30 overexpression was found to be significantly associated with shortened overall survival (OS) and highly involvement of lymph nodes. Conclusion: Following the progression in stage and grade of tumor, CD4/CD8 ratio and CD30 expression levels are increased and are accompanied by adverse prognosis and poor OS, while CD8-enhanced expression carries a favorable prognostic impact as it improves OS status. Therefore, all these findings could be of interest in the field of target therapy

شیوع مصرف غیرپزشکی ریتالین در بین دانشجویان پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد

مقدمه: این مطالعه با هدف تعیین میزان شیوع مصرف غیرپزشکی ریتالین در بین دانشجویان پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد انجام شد.روش‌ کار: در این مطالعه مقطعی، 607 دانشجو از 645 دانشجوی پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد در سال 98-1397 به روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی انتخاب شدند. آنها یک پرسشنامه محقق ساخته در مورد نگرش به مصرف ریتالین را تکمیل کردند که روایی آن توسط پنج روانپزشک تایید شد. داده ها با استفاده از آزمون های توصیفی، مجذور خی و نرم افزار SPSS 16 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.یافته‌ها: در مطالعه حاضر 607 دانشجو (292 مرد و 315 زن) شرکت کردند. 68 نفر (2/11%) از آنها سابقه مصرف غیرپزشکی ریتالین داشتند. سایر مواد رایج در بین دانشجویان الکل (7%)، سیگار (11%) و بنزودیازپین ها (5.2%) بودند. همچنین بین جنسیت، مقطع تحصیلی و وضعیت تاهل با مصرف غیرپزشکی ریتالین در دانشجویان رابطه معنی داری وجود نداشت (05/0 P>).نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس نتایج، مصرف غیرپزشکی ریتالین در بین دانشجویان بیشتر از الکل و سیگار است. همچنین برخی از دانشجویان نسبت به مصرف ریتالین برای افزایش تمرکز و بهبود عملکرد در امتحانات دیدگاه مثبتی دارند. با توجه به احتمال وابستگی شدید به این ماده، به آگاهی بیشتر و اقدامات پیشگیرانه در بین دانشجویان، نیاز است