Screening for New Biomarkers for Subcortical Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease

BACKGROUND: Novel biomarkers are important for identifying as well as differentiating subcortical vascular dementia (SVD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) at an early stage in the disease process. METHODS: In two independent cohorts, a multiplex immunoassay was utilized to analyze 90 proteins in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from dementia patients and patients at risk of developing dementia (mild cognitive impairment). RESULTS: The levels of several CSF proteins were increased in SVD and its incipient state, and in moderate-to-severe AD compared with the control group. In contrast, some CSF proteins were altered in AD, but not in SVD. The levels of heart-type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) were consistently increased in all groups with dementia but only in some of their incipient states. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, these results support the notion that SVD and AD are driven by different pathophysiological mechanisms reflected in the CSF protein profile and that H-FABP in CSF is a general marker of neurodegeneration

Acumen : an open-source testbed for cyber-physical systems research

Developing Cyber-Physical Systems requires methods and tools to support simulation and verification of hybrid (both continuous and discrete) models. The Acumen modeling and simulation language is an open source testbed for exploring the design space of what rigorousbut- practical next-generation tools can deliver to developers of Cyber- Physical Systems. Like verification tools, a design goal for Acumen is to provide rigorous results. Like simulation tools, it aims to be intuitive, practical, and scalable. However, it is far from evident whether these two goals can be achieved simultaneously. This paper explains the primary design goals for Acumen, the core challenges that must be addressed in order to achieve these goals, the “agile research method” taken by the project, the steps taken to realize these goals, the key lessons learned, and the emerging language design

Prolactin Receptor in Primary Hyperparathyroidism – Expression, Functionality and Clinical Correlations

<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is an endocrine disorder most commonly affecting women, suggesting a role for female hormones and/or their receptors in parathyroid adenomas. We here investigated the prolactin receptor (PRLr) which is associated with tumours of the breast and other organs.</p> <h3>Methodology/Principal Findings</h3><p>PRLr expression was investigated in a panel of 37 patients with sporadic parathyroid tumours and its functionality in cultured parathyroid tumour cells. In comparison with other tissues and breast cancer cells, high levels of prolactin receptor gene (<em>PRLR</em>) transcripts were demonstrated in parathyroid tissues. PRLr products of 60/70 kDa were highly expressed in all parathyroid tumours. In addition varying levels of the 80 kDa PRLr isoform, with known proliferative activity, were demonstrated. In parathyroid tumours, PRLr immunoreactivity was observed in the cytoplasm (in all cases, n = 36), cytoplasmic granulae (n = 16), the plasma membrane (n = 12) or enlarged lysosomes (n = 4). In normal parathyroid rim (n = 28), PRLr was uniformly expressed in the cytoplasm and granulae. In <em>in vitro</em> studies of short-term cultured human parathyroid tumour cells, prolactin stimulation was associated with significant transcriptional changes in JAK/STAT, RIG-I like receptor and type II interferon signalling pathways as documented by gene expression profiling. Moreover, <em>PRLR</em> gene expression in parathyroid tumours was inversely correlated with the patients’ plasma calcium levels.</p> <h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We demonstrate that the prolactin receptor is highly abundant in human parathyroid tissues and that PRLr isoforms expression and PRLr subcellular localisation are altered in parathyroid tumours. Responsiveness of PRLr to physiological levels of prolactin was observed in the form of increased PTH secretion and altered gene transcription with significant increase of RIG-I like receptor, JAK-STAT and Type II interferon signalling pathways. These data suggest a role of the prolactin receptor in parathyroid adenomas.</p> </div

Fluorescent logic systems for sensing and molecular computation: structure–activity relationships in edge-detection

Molecular logic-based computation continues to throw up new applications in sensing and switching, the newest of which is the edge detection of objects. The scope of this phenomenon is mapped out by the use of structure-activity relationships, where several structures of the molecules and of the objects are examined. The different angles and curvatures of the objects are followed with good-fidelity in the visualized edges, even when the objects are in reverse video

Use of SMS texts for facilitating access to online alcohol interventions: a feasibility study

A41 Use of SMS texts for facilitating access to online alcohol interventions: a feasibility study In: Addiction Science & Clinical Practice 2017, 12(Suppl 1): A4

Proceedings of the 13th annual conference of INEBRIA

CITATION: Watson, R., et al. 2016. Proceedings of the 13th annual conference of INEBRIA. Addiction Science & Clinical Practice, 11:13, doi:10.1186/s13722-016-0062-9.The original publication is available at https://ascpjournal.biomedcentral.comENGLISH SUMMARY : Meeting abstracts.https://ascpjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13722-016-0062-9Publisher's versio

Komponentavskrivning : - En uppsats om informationsförändringen i årsredovisningen och dess väsentlighet för beslutsfattare

I juni år 2012 infördes Bokföringsnämndens nya regelverk för årsredovisning och koncernredovisning, K3, som ska tillämpas av alla större onoterade företag i Sverige (som inte följer IFRS). En av nyheterna är att företagen nu måste tillämpa komponentavskrivning på sina materiella anläggningstillgångar. Införandet av komponentavskrivning har skapat debatt då fastighetsföretagen var mycket kritiska till införandet då de ansåg att nyttan skulle bli mycket liten i förhållande till kostnaderna eftersom avskrivningar inte ger något informationsmässigt mervärde. Redovisningsexperter ansåg däremot att företagen och deras intressenter skulle gynnas av införandet genom bland annat ett jämnare resultat och förbättrad redovisning.  Syftet med uppsatsen är att beskriva vilka effekter som komponentavskrivningen förväntas få på årsredovisningen och dess ingående delar. På grund av debatten angående huruvida komponentavskrivning kommer att bidra med mervärde till redovisningen vill vi även undersöka effekten ur ett användarperspektiv som har avgränsats till att behandla beslutsfattande. Problemställningen som vi har utgått ifrån är: Vilka effekter kommer K3:s krav på komponentavskrivning av anläggningstillgångar få på fastighetsföretags årsredovisning? Undersökningen är en fallstudie som har genomförts efter en deduktiv ansats och en kombination av kvantitativ och kvalitativ undersökningsmetod.  Den kvantitativa datainsamlingen baseras på företagets årsredovisning samt utdrag ur deras fastighetssystem. Uppgifterna har använts till att upprätta ekonomiska data för ett modellhus enligt både dagens metod och komponentmetoden vilka sedan jämförs för att utreda effekterna.  Kvalitativ datainsamling har skett genom besöks- och telefonintervjuer med företagets intressenter och behandlat finansiell kommunikation och beslutsfattande. Studien har kunnat styrka de effekter på årsredovisningens redovisade information som beskrivits i tidigare teorier men även kunnat beskriva en del av dem mer ingående än vad teorin hittills gjort. De främsta effekterna som uppstår vid övergången är att fastighetskostnaderna kommer att jämnas ut över åren istället för att belasta resultatet genom kostnadstoppar under de år då stora underhållsåtgärder genomförs samt att det sker en omfördelning i kassaflödet. Studien har även visat att komponentavskrivning kommer att ge ett mervärde till intressenterna. Det är främst det förbättrade resultatet under de första åren samt omfördelningen av kassaflödet som bidrar till detta och tros leda till annorlunda beslut gällande underhåll. Underhållsnivån baseras på dessa poster och en förbättring gör att underhållstakten kan öka och på så sätt höja standarden på byggnaderna. Effekten bedöms vara särskilt viktig och gynnsam för företag vars fastighetsbestånd har en stor andel av miljonprogramhus. Vi har också funnit ett indirekt samband mellan komponentavskrivning och hyreshöjningar; de möjliga standardhöjningarna kan höja bruksvärdet och vara underlag för en högre hyra.In June 2012 the Swedish Accounting Standards board presented the K3-regulation which is the new main regulation for annual reports and consolidated account statements.  One of the new requirements is that companies now have to use component depreciation for their fixed assets. This has been under great debate because the real estate companies were very critical and thought that the benefits would be negligible compared to the costs since depreciation-information is considered to be unimportant and does not bring any value to the stakeholders. Accounting experts, on the other hand, argued that they would benefit from the requirement by a more evenly distributed profit and improved financial reporting. The purpose of this paper is to describe the expected effects of component depreciation on the different parts of the annual report of a real estate company. Because of the recent debate about whether or not it will benefit the stakeholders, we also want to examine the effect from the users perspective. The study focuses on decision-making. Our research question is: Which effects will the new K3-requirement of component depreciation have on real estate companies annual report? This is a case study where we have used a deductive approach and a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative data collection has been based on the annual report of the company together with data from internal documents. The data has been used to construct different types of economic data for a "model-building" according to the method used today and the component depreciation method which are then compared to see the effects. The qualitative data has been collected by interviews with the different stakeholders of the company. Our study has strengthened the already described effects on annual reports concluded by theorists earlier. However, we have been able to go deeper in some of our explanations than what we have  read on the subject. The most important effects are a more evenly distribution of maintenance costs over the years; it will no longer affect the profit and it will eliminate the cost peaks which occur during years with high maintenance levels. This will also result in a rearrangement of the company's cash flow. The study has also concluded that component depreciation will have a contribution to the stakeholders.  The improved profit during the first years and changed cash flow are expected to lead to different decisions concerning maintenance. The level of maintenance is based on this data and an increase of profits will increase the maintenance level. An increased level of maintenance can lead to a general increase of the building standards. This effect is believed to be especially important to real estate companies with a high share of buildings from the "million programme". We also found an indirect correlation between component depreciation and an increased rent; the possibility of higher building standards may be used as decision basis in negotiations to increase rent

Deciding Rent for New Construction : A comparison Between Presumtion Rent and Utility Value Rent

Mot bakgrund av den rådande bostadsbristen infördes 2006 presumtionshyra, ettkostnadsbaserat hyressystemet för nyproduktion. Systemet har utvecklats och diskuteratslivligt de kommande åren och 31 maj 2021 ska även en ny utredning offentliggöra gällandefri hyressättning och då även eventuell utfasning av presumtionssystemet. Syftet med studien är att genom en kartläggning av litteraturen undersöka hur inställningarnatill presumtionssystemet har förändrats sedan införandet av presumtionshyra 2006, vad detfinns för åsikter kring övergångsfasen från presumtionshyra till bruksvärdeshyra och varförman väljer en hyresreglering över en annat vid nyproduktion. Uppsatsen har genomförts som en kvalitativ litteraturstudie där tidigare arbeten, lagtexter ochutredningar används för att bygga en databas med material från samtliga källor. Resultat ochanalyser bygger på uttalanden från regering, Hyresgästföreningen och fastighetsföretagen. Uppsatsen finner att regeringen och fastighetsföretagen inställning till presumtionshyra blivitallt sämre då fri hyressättning ses som ett bättre alternativ. Hyresgästföreningen harfortfarande en positiv syn på systemet. Aktörerna är överen om att det förstapresumtionshyror som infasas till bruksvärdeshyra kommer genomförs utan större problemdock ser man risk för senare övergångar. Fastighetsföretag väljer hyressystem främst eftervilket system som ger högst hyra men andra faktorer som säkerheten med en förhandladhyran spelar även in.In light of the current housing shortage, a presumptive rent was introduced in 2006, acost-based rental system for new production. The system has since been developed anddiscussed intensely in the following years, and on 31 May 2021, a new investigation will bepublished regarding market rent and the possible end of the presumption system. The purpose of this study is to examine through a literature review how approaches to thepresumption system have changed since its introduction in 2006, what opinions there areabout the transition phase from presumption rent to utility value rent and why one chooses arent regulation over another during new production. The thesis was carried out as a qualitative literature study where previous thesis, legal textsand investigations were used to build a database with material from all sources. Results andanalyzes are based on statements from the government, the Tenant union and the real estatecompanies. This thesis finds that the government and the real estate companies' approach to presumptiverent has become worse and worse as market rent is seen as a better alternative. The Tenantunion still has a positive view of the presumption system. The participant on the marketagrees that the first presumptive rents that will be phased in to utility value rent will beimplemented without major problems, however, there is a risk for later agreements. Realestate companies choose rental systems primarily according to which system provides thehighest rent, but other factors such as the security of a negotiated rent also play a role