Separation of Tröger's Base Enantiomers Through a Combination of Simulated Moving Bed Chromatography and Crystallization

This paper studies the coupling of simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography with crystallization for the separation of Tröger's base enantiomers. SMB is used to achieve a certain level of enrichment and then evaporative crystallization of the extract and raffinate streams leads to the final product with the specified purity. The optimization of the combined process is based on thermodynamic data about adsorption isotherms of the two enantiomers in ethanol on microcrystalline cellulose triacetate (CTA) and about solubility of the two enantiomers in ethanol. The results, obtained using a genetic algorithm, prove that there is an optimal value of the purity achieved in the SMB that maximizes the productivity of the combined proces

Automatic Control of Simulated Moving Beds—Experimental Verification

Simulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography has become the state of the art technology applied for the complex separation tasks in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industry. Nevertheless, operation of SMB units at their optimal operating conditions is still an issue challenging SMB practitioners due to absence of proper process control schemes. We have developed a feedback control scheme that integrates the on-line optimization and control of SMB units. A significant feature of the developed SMB control concept is that only a minimum of system information has to be provided, i.e., the average packing characteristics of the SMB columns and the linear adsorption isotherm, regardless of the type of isotherm characterizing the mixture to be separated. Therefore a detailed characterization of the columns and the separation system is no longer required. This paper demonstrates the experimental implementation of this control concept and presents results referring to two different experimental run

Анализ финансово-хозяйственной деятельности ПАО «ТрансФин-М»

Объект исследования - ПАО "ТрансФин-М" Предмет исследования - производственно-хозяйственная и финансовая деятельность предприятия. Цель работы - проведение финансового анализа деятельности предприятия и выработка рекомендаций. Поставленные задачи: 1 Изучить теоретические основы анализа финансово-хозяйственной деятельности 2 Провести анализ финансово-хозяйственной деятельности предприятия 3 На основе полученных результатов анализа дать рекомендации по улучшению финансовых результатов деятельности предприятия Анализ финансово хозяйственной деятельности позволяет оценить итоговые результаты деятельности предприятия и является важнейшим элементом управления, что предопределяет актуальность темы бакалаврской работы.The subject of research-production, economic and financial activities of the enterprise. The purpose of the work - a financial analysis of the company and the development of recommendations. Assigned task: 1 to Study the theoretical basis of the analysis of financial and economic activities 2 to analyze the financial and economic activities of the enterprise 3 on the basis of the results of the analysis to make recommendations for improving the financial performance of the enterprise Analysis of financial and economic activity allows to evaluate the final results of the enterprise and is an important element of management, which determines the relevance of the theme of bachelor's work

Комплексный анализ влияния систем заводнения на энергетическое состояние пласта при разработке нефтяных месторождений Западной Сибири

Объектом исследования являются зоны недокомпенсации и перекомпенсации, возникающие при неверно проведенном заводнении нефтяных месторождений, с целью улучшения его энергетических характеристик. Цель исследования – анализ организации и регулирования применяемых систем заводнения на месторождениях Западной Сибири, посредством выделения зон недокомпенсации и перекомпенсации для повышения выработки запасов нефти. В процессе исследования была подробно рассмотрена классификация систем заводнения. Проведен анализ условий, исключающих либо уменьшающих вероятность образования зон перекомпенсации и недокомпенсации вследствие заводнения на месторождениях Западной Сибири.The object of the study is the zones of under-compensation and overcompensation that occur when incorrectly conducted flooding of oil fields, in order to improve its energy characteristics. The purpose of the study is to analyze the organization and regulation of applied flooding systems in the fields of Western Siberia, by identifying areas of under-compensation and overcompensation to increase the production of oil reserves. In the course of the study, the classification of flooding systems was considered in detail. The analysis of conditions that exclude or reduce the probability of formation of zones of overcompensation and undercompensation due to flooding in the fields of Western Siberia

Psychogenic Foreign Accent Syndrome: A New Case

This paper presents the case of a 33-year-old, right-handed, French-speaking Belgian lady who was involved in a car accident as a pedestrian. Six months after the incident she developed a German/Flemish-like accent. The patient's medical history, the onset of the FAS and the possible psychological causes of the accent change are analyzed. Relevant neuropsychological, neurolinguistic, and psychodiagnostic test results are presented and discussed. The psychodiagnostic interview and testing will receive special attention, because these have been underreported in previous FAS case reports. Furthermore, an accent rating experiment was carried out in order to assess the foreign quality of the patient's speech. Pre- and post-morbid spontaneous speech samples were analyzed phonetically to identify the pronunciation characteristics associated with this type of FAS. Several findings were considered essential in the diagnosis of psychogenic FAS: the psychological assessments as well as the clinical interview confirmed the presence of psychological problems, while neurological damage was excluded by means of repeated neuroimaging and neurological examinations. The type and nature of the speech symptoms and the accent fluctuations associated with the patient's psychological state cannot be explained by a neurological disorder. Moreover, the indifference of the patient toward her condition may also suggest a psychogenic etiology, as the opposite is usually observed in neurogenic FAS patients

A systematic review of progranulin concentrations in biofluids in over 7,000 people—assessing the pathogenicity of GRN mutations and other influencing factors

Background: Pathogenic heterozygous mutations in the progranulin gene (GRN) are a key cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD), leading to significantly reduced biofluid concentrations of the progranulin protein (PGRN). This has led to a number of ongoing therapeutic trials aiming to treat this form of FTD by increasing PGRN levels in mutation carriers. However, we currently lack a complete understanding of factors that affect PGRN levels and potential variation in measurement methods. Here, we aimed to address this gap in knowledge by systematically reviewing published literature on biofluid PGRN concentrations. Methods: Published data including biofluid PGRN concentration, age, sex, diagnosis and GRN mutation were collected for 7071 individuals from 75 publications. The majority of analyses (72%) had focused on plasma PGRN concentrations, with many of these (56%) measured with a single assay type (Adipogen) and so the influence of mutation type, age at onset, sex, and diagnosis were investigated in this subset of the data. Results: We established a plasma PGRN concentration cut-off between pathogenic mutation carriers and non-carriers of 74.8 ng/mL using the Adipogen assay based on 3301 individuals, with a CSF concentration cut-off of 3.43 ng/mL. Plasma PGRN concentration varied by GRN mutation type as well as by clinical diagnosis in those without a GRN mutation. Plasma PGRN concentration was significantly higher in women than men in GRN mutation carriers (p = 0.007) with a trend in non-carriers (p = 0.062), and there was a significant but weak positive correlation with age in both GRN mutation carriers and non-carriers. No significant association was seen with weight or with TMEM106B rs1990622 genotype. However, higher plasma PGRN levels were seen in those with the GRN rs5848 CC genotype in both GRN mutation carriers and non-carriers. Conclusions: These results further support the usefulness of PGRN concentration for the identification of the large majority of pathogenic mutations in the GRN gene. Furthermore, these results highlight the importance of considering additional factors, such as mutation type, sex and age when interpreting PGRN concentrations. This will be particularly important as we enter the era of trials for progranulin-associated FTD.</p

Gain-of-function human STAT1 mutations impair IL-17 immunity and underlie chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis disease (CMCD) may be caused by autosomal dominant (AD) IL-17F deficiency or autosomal recessive (AR) IL-17RA deficiency. Here, using whole-exome sequencing, we identified heterozygous germline mutations in STAT1 in 47 patients from 20 kindreds with AD CMCD. Previously described heterozygous STAT1 mutant alleles are loss-of-function and cause AD predisposition to mycobacterial disease caused by impaired STAT1-dependent cellular responses to IFN-γ. Other loss-of-function STAT1 alleles cause AR predisposition to intracellular bacterial and viral diseases, caused by impaired STAT1-dependent responses to IFN-α/β, IFN-γ, IFN-λ, and IL-27. In contrast, the 12 AD CMCD-inducing STAT1 mutant alleles described here are gain-of-function and increase STAT1-dependent cellular responses to these cytokines, and to cytokines that predominantly activate STAT3, such as IL-6 and IL-21. All of these mutations affect the coiled-coil domain and impair the nuclear dephosphorylation of activated STAT1, accounting for their gain-of-function and dominance. Stronger cellular responses to the STAT1-dependent IL-17 inhibitors IFN-α/β, IFN-γ, and IL-27, and stronger STAT1 activation in response to the STAT3-dependent IL-17 inducers IL-6 and IL-21, hinder the development of T cells producing IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22. Gain-of-function STAT1 alleles therefore cause AD CMCD by impairing IL-17 immunity

Software for the frontiers of quantum chemistry:An overview of developments in the Q-Chem 5 package

This article summarizes technical advances contained in the fifth major release of the Q-Chem quantum chemistry program package, covering developments since 2015. A comprehensive library of exchange–correlation functionals, along with a suite of correlated many-body methods, continues to be a hallmark of the Q-Chem software. The many-body methods include novel variants of both coupled-cluster and configuration-interaction approaches along with methods based on the algebraic diagrammatic construction and variational reduced density-matrix methods. Methods highlighted in Q-Chem 5 include a suite of tools for modeling core-level spectroscopy, methods for describing metastable resonances, methods for computing vibronic spectra, the nuclear–electronic orbital method, and several different energy decomposition analysis techniques. High-performance capabilities including multithreaded parallelism and support for calculations on graphics processing units are described. Q-Chem boasts a community of well over 100 active academic developers, and the continuing evolution of the software is supported by an “open teamware” model and an increasingly modular design