An efficient quantum circuit analyser on qubits and qudits

This paper presents a highly efficient decomposition scheme and its associated Mathematica notebook for the analysis of complicated quantum circuits comprised of single/multiple qubit and qudit quantum gates. In particular, this scheme reduces the evaluation of multiple unitary gate operations with many conditionals to just two matrix additions, regardless of the number of conditionals or gate dimensions. This improves significantly the capability of a quantum circuit analyser implemented in a classical computer. This is also the first efficient quantum circuit analyser to include qudit quantum logic gates

Prevalence and Practice of Self-Medication among Female

Background: Self-medication is a prevalent practice among undergraduate nursing students in Saudi Arabia. This undertakes a great significance among nursing students as they are going to be future healthcare practitioners. Purpose: To determine the prevalence and practices of selfmedication among the female nursing students of the University of Tabuk. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design using a pre-constructed questionnaire. The respondents were 128 currently enrolled female nursing students through census sampling. Ethical considerations were done in the conduct of the study. Results: The findings revealed a high prevalence of selfmedication with 79.7%. Most of the respondents were 19 years old (27.3%), second and the fourth year, 66 (51.6%) with family income of >8000 SAR per month, 84 (65.6%). Top reason for self-medication is to save time (51%) for the top three upper body diseases such as headache (76.6%), runny nose (37.3%) and dental pain (37.3%); for body diseases were nausea (16.7%) and fever (16.7%) and for Lower body diseases were wounds (25.5%). The commonly used medicines were Analgesic (90.2%), skin ointment (40.2%), cough syrup (23.5%) and the traditional medicines (62%). Brands selection depended on old prescription (37.3%). The main factor for the selection of the drug was the type of traditional (60.8%) due to price and pharmaceutical company. Such medicines for self-medication were obtained from pharmacy shop 89 (87.3.5%) where half (51%) of the respondents read prescription information before self-medicating. Finally, no association was found between the profile and prevalence of self-medication. Self-care is necessary but must be carried out in a safe and responsible actions of self-medicating. Recommendation: The Saudi government must bolster its laws and policies governing Food and drug administration. Though the participants are nursing students, they must be educated with a great emphasis on safe medications and be aware of the side effects, especially those who are not taking pharmacology subject yet as part of the Nursing course

Persusadaan Otomobil Kedua Sdn Bhd

In Malaysia, automotive trade is rapid growing industry. It is considered as the one of most important manufacturing industry sectors. Automotive industry is considered as the one of the crucial industries by the Malaysia government. According to the government representor, the rapid growth in the manufacturing of the automotive leads the country to be developed nation by the end of 2020 (Arshad, 2001). According to Malaysia Automotive Institute (MAI) Chief Datuk Madani Sahari automotive sector is going to contribute in the GDP of Malaysia about 10% of the total by the end of 2020. In Malaysia economy the automotive Perodua Company is also contributing a lot in the automotive sector. The Perodua is playing an important role in the manufacturing, assembling, and service sectors. As the Perodua director was crowned with the title of automotive man of the 2017 year, because of his visionary action and leadership in making the national automaker. Therefore, companies like Perodua are the proud for the Malaysia like developing country which are independent in their automotive manufacturing, engineering and designs. In the presence of the given challenges the automotive industry is facing the issues of increased competition, on the global and national level. Therefore, Perodua has to make the strategic direction and also gave the basic framework by reviewing the current status of automotive sector. Therefore, Perodua will have the battle on national and national level. The new designs of Perodua are having new technology and quality. The quality and productivity of Perodua is the mission of the company which enhance the sustainability of the active vendors of Perodua services. Perodua is also known as the world’s best automobile company because of its professionalism, efficiency, quality and reliability of the automobiles. The strategies of the company include the optimizing benefits for the stakeholder and for the customer services, have the social responsibility for the community and environment. This company is unique in its products which attract the customs (Zahari, Halim, Baniamin&Salleh, 2016)

Filozofia rozwoju zrównoważonegoiI zrównoważona przyszłość – przetrwanie ludzkości

On the occasion third year after declaration on sustainability and interdependence, interaction and co-operation (as a basic methodology for a better tomorrow of humanity, which already opened a horizon for the sustainable future of humankind), we think to ask for understanding of the present and to put together the reasons for a survival of the individuals, local communities, and global community of humankind. After publishing six books on sustainability, announcing the declaration The World Thinkers Panel on the Sustainable Future of Humankind – WTP-SFH, bilingual book on sustainability and survival of humanity, multilingual digital book Anthology 2 – 2001-2014 May 2014 as a platform for implementation of the methodology for sustainability of the global community of humankind, reaching thirteenth session of the Provisional World Parliament, and observing the present, we are looking forward for  a better tomorrow.Trzy lata po deklaracji w sprawie zrównoważonego rozwoju i współzależności, interakcji i współpracy (jako podstawowej metodologii dla kształtowania lepszego jutra ludzkości, która już otworzyła horyzonty dla zrównoważonej przyszłości ludzkości), czas bliżej przyjrzeć się teraźniejszości i zestawić uwarunkowania związane z przetrwaniem ludzkości w wymiarach: indywidualnym, lokalnych społeczności, a także globalnym. Mając wsparcie w postaci sześciu wydanych książek na temat zrównoważonego rozwoju, ogłoszonej deklaracji Panelu Myślicieli Świata o zrównoważonej przyszłości ludzkości i cyfrowej monografii Antologia 2 – 2001- 2014, będącej platformą umożliwiającą implementację zrównoważoności na poziomie globalnej ludzkiej wspólnoty, bogaci także w doświadczenia wynikające z 13 sesji Tymczasowego Parlamentu Światowego, obserwując uważnie teraźniejszość, spoglądamy z nadzieją w przyszłość, wierząc, że lepsze jutro jest możliwe.&nbsp

Exploring the ecological resilience of smallholder oil palm landscapes

Employing more sustainable farming practices could enhance the ecological resilience of tropical oil palm smallholder farms. Concerns about the environmental impacts of oil palm cultivation has led the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO) to develop more sustainable management practices. However, it is unclear whether the uptake of such practices will enhance ecological resilience. My study focuses on oil palm smallholdings in Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Using questionnaire-led interviews with farmers and ecological surveys of their farms, I examined inter-relationships between farm management practices, oil palm yields and the biodiversity, ecosystem functioning, and ecological resilience of farms. Oil palm yields varied widely across smallholder farms (6.9–37.4 t ha−1 yr−1), but there was little evidence that less intensive management reduced farm yields. I surveyed ground dwelling ants on farms to assess species richness and functional diversity (richness and dispersion), and ant-mediated ecosystem functions (scavenging and leaf-litter decomposition). Ant species richness varied among farms (5-30 species), and there were positive associations between native and non-native species (which accounted for 0-40% of ant species on farms). Thus, native ant species persisting in oil palm habitats are resilient to invasion by non-native species, which maintain generalist ecosystem functions on farms. I used Structural Equation Models to investigate the inter-relationships between local factors (e.g., farm management) and wider landscape factors (e.g., proximity to roads and forest) on native and non-native species richness and functional diversity metrics, to make inferences about the ecological resilience of oil palm farms. Both local and landscape factors were important but native and non-native ant species were influenced by different factors. Compared with non-natives, native species contributed most to functional richness and dispersion, occurred on cooler farms, and were associated with higher oil palm yields. Thus, anthropogenic climate warming may reduce the ecological resilience of oil palm farms via its detrimental effects on native species, which may also impact crop yields. I conclude that more efforts should be made to enhance on-farm biodiversity and to develop management practices that support farmer livelihoods, enhance crop yields, and maintain the ecological resilience of oil palm landscapes

Optimization of parametric comb generation using interferometric wavelength selective switch

Poster: We propose and demonstrate frequency comb regeneration using parametric mixer dispersion managed by interferometric wavelength selective switch. The results show a good control over the bandwidth/flatness of the comb generated by the parametric process

Localized holes and delocalized electrons in photoexcited inorganic perovskites: Watching each atomic actor by picosecond X-ray absorption spectroscopy

We report on an element-selective study of the fate of charge carriers in photoexcited inorganic CsPbBr3 and CsPb(ClBr)3 perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) in toluene solutions using time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy with 80 ps time resolution. Probing the Br K-edge, the Pb L3-edge and the Cs L2-edge, we find that holes in the valence band are localized at Br atoms, forming small polarons, while electrons appear as delocalized in the conduction band. No signature of either electronic or structural changes are observed at the Cs L2-edge. The results at the Br and Pb edges suggest the existence of a weakly localized exciton, while the absence of signatures at the Cs edge indicates that the Cs+ cation plays no role in the charge transport, at least beyond 80 ps. These results can explain the rather modest charge carrier mobilities in these materials.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figure

Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, mode of analgesia and risk of Caesarean delivery after onset of labour: a Mendelian randomisation analysis

BACKGROUND: Lower circulating levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) are associated with intrapartum inflammation and epidural analgesia-related maternal fever, both of which increase the rate of obstetric interventions. We hypothesised that genetic variants determining IL-1ra levels would be associated with Caesarean delivery rates after the onset of labour. METHODS: We performed Mendelian randomisation analyses in parous women ≥16 yr old who received either non-neuraxial or neuraxial analgesia for their first two labours (UK Biobank). We used an established genetic score (calculated as 0-4, determined by the presence/absence of rs6743376 and rs1542176 alleles), in which the complete absence of both alleles causes the lowest IL-1ra levels. The primary outcome was Caesarean delivery after the onset of labour (odds ratio [OR]: 95% confidence intervals). RESULTS: There were 7731 women (mean [standard deviation] age at first birth: 25 [5] yr) who had complete genetic scores and delivery data. For women who received non-neuraxial analgesia, Caesarean delivery rates were different across allele scores (χ2=12.4; P=0.015): 104/596 (17.4%) women with zero allele score underwent Caesarean delivery, compared with 654/5015 (13.0%) with allele score ≥1 (OR 1.41; 1.12-1.77). For women who had neuraxial analgesia, Caesarean delivery was not different across allele scores, ranging from 18.1% to 20.8% (χ2=0.29; P=0.99). Caesarean delivery was independent of type of analgesia for 818/7731 (10.6%) women with zero allele scores (OR 0.93; 0.63-1.39), but was higher in women receiving neuraxial analgesia with allele scores ≥1 (OR 1.55; 1.35-1.79; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Mendelian randomisation analysis suggests that higher IL-1ra levels are associated with reduced Caesarean delivery rate. Neuraxial analgesia appears to disrupt this link. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: UK Biobank study 62745

Are sexual and reproductive health and rights taught in medical school? Results from a global survey

Our aim was to investigate the inclusion of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) topics in medical curricula and the perceived need for, feasibility of, and bar-riers to teaching SRHR. We distributed a survey with questions on SRHR content, and factors regulating SRHR content, to medical universities worldwide using chain referral. Associations between high SRHR content and independent variables were analyzed using unconditional linear regression or χ2 test. Text data were analyzed by thematic analysis. We collected data from 219 respondents, 143 universities and 54 countries. Clinical SRHR topics such as safe pregnancy and childbirth (95.7%) and contraceptive methods (97.2%) were more frequently reported as taught compared with complex SRHR topics such as sexual violence (63.8%), unsafe abortion (65.7%), and the vulnerability of LGBTQIA persons (23.2%). High SRHR content was associated with high- income level (P= 0.003) and low abortion restriction (P= 0.042) but varied within set-tings. Most respondents described teaching SRHR as essential to the health of society. Complexity was cited as a barrier, as were cultural taboos, lack of stakeholder recogni-tion, and dependency on fees and ranking