Manajemen perpustakaan dalam mendukung proses belajar mengajar: studi multi kasus di MTs Al Mu’awanah Larangan dan SMP Islam Sidoarjo

Perpustakaan sekolah merupakan bagian penting dari komponen pendidikan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan keberadaannya dari lingkungan sekolah . Hal ini dikarenakan bahwa perpustakaan sekolah berfungsi sebagai salah satu sarana penunjang kegiatan belajar siswa dalam memacu pencapaian tujuan belajar. Selain itu, pentingnya perpustakaan sekolah juga bisa dilihat dalam UU No 2 1989 yang menyatakan bahwa pendidikan tidak mungkin terselenggara dengan baik apabila tenaga kependidikan maupun para peserta didik tidak didukung oleh sumber belajar yang diperlukan untuk penyelenggaraan kegiatan belajar-mengajar yang bersangkutan, yang mana sumber belajar tersebut salah satunya adalah perpustakaan. Sebenarnya, kondisi semacam ini juga dikaitkan dengan citra profesi pustakawan yang dianggap kurang menarik, yang misalnya para pustakawan dianggap hanya penjaga bukuyang tidak paham akan isi, pasif, menunggu pengunjung yang datang dan tidak dapat mengikuti irama kebutuhan pemakai yang dilayaninya. Hal ini memperlihatkan bahwa kerja seorang pustakawan hanya berkonsentrasi pada pembangunan fisik dan jumlah koleksi, tetapi tidak pada layanan dan transaksi, sehingga terkesan bahwa perpustakaan bukan untuk pengguna, tetapi untuk pustakawan. Ditinjau secara umum, perpustakaan itu sebagai media pendidikan karena dijadikan sebagai pusat belajar sebab kegiatan yang paling tampak pada setiap kunjungan siswa adalah belajar, baik belajar masalah-masalah yang berhubungan langsung dengan mata pelajaran yang diberikan di kelas, maupun buku-buku lain yang tidak ada hubungannya dengan mata pelajaran. Akan tetapi apabila ditinjau dari sudut tujuan siswa mengunjungi perpustakaan, maka ada yang tujuannya untuk belajar, ada yang tujuannya untuk berlatih menelusuri buku-buku perpustakaan, ada yang tujuannya untuk memperoleh informasi Pusat sumber informasi tidak hanya bermanfaat untuk membantu proses pendidikan dan pembelajaran di sekolah dan lembaga diklat tetapi juga lembaga lain, sepanjang berurusan dengan proses pendidikan dan pembelajaran di masyarakat pada umumnya. Perpustakaan sebagai sarana yang dikembangkan oleh pemerintah yang pengelolaannya diserahkan kepada pemerintah daerah ataupun lembaga pendidikan tentu memiliki pengaruh yang sangat besar terhadap perkembangan pendidikan. Karena perpustakaan telah menyediakan buku yang menunjang dalam proses pendidikan dan peningkatan pengetahuan terhadap peserta didik pada khsususnya dan masyarakat luas pada umumnya. Perpustakaan sesuai dengan tujuan fungsinya yang sejalan dengan fungsi dan tujuan pendidikan yaitu untuk menamkan nilai luhur dan mendewasakan seorang anak, membantu proses pendidikan yang sedang berlangsung karena perpustakaan merupakan sarana pendidikan, dan merupakan salah satu tujuan pendidikan yaitu tujuan perantara. Dengan adanya perpustakaan peserta didik dapat terbantu dalam mencari buku-buku yang diperlukan dalam kegiatan belajar atau melakukan obyek kajian terhadap suatu buku, hal inilah yang menjadi tujuan perantara tersebut yaitu sarana untuk memberikan informasi kepada peserta didik untuk membantu proses perkembangan intelejen peserta individu

HEALTHCOPTER UNTUK PENGIRIMAN KEBUTUHAN MEDIS DI DAERAH SULIT TEMPUH

Indonesia is a vast country consisting of 34 provinces and 17,504 islands. Each region has a diverse geographic background. In addition, the uneven development of infrastructure which causes the transport logistics to face various challenges and problems. In the health sector, time is an essential factor in the provision of emergency health needs. Therefore, the distribution of health needs, such as medicines, blood, and medical devices, should be a major concern in improving the quality of health services. In the face of the current distribution of various problems, such as congestion, infrastructure, natural disasters, and the travel time, we propose an alternative solution in solving this problem. The solution is a drone that can perform the unhindered distribution of health needs based on location coordinates of the given location. These drones in the call healthcopter are expected to improve the quality of health services in Indonesia. Healthcopter can be accessed via mobile device applications that can receive requests from various places. This research has produced Healthcopter consisting of drones and application delivery medical needs. The Healthcopter has tested the travel time and speed based on the distance and weight of the load that can be transported by the drone. The heavier the drone load, the longer the travel time and the lower the speed. Similarly to distance, the greater the drone mileage, the longer the travel time and the lower the speed. Keywords: Drone, distribution, healt

IBU KOTA NEGARA (IKN) NUSANTARA MESIN BARU PENGGERAK EKONOMI

Tujuan dari pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat tentang ekonomi makro, kesenjangan antara Jawa dan pulau-pulau lain dalam pembentukan growt national product (GNP), postur anggaran, perbandingan GNP dengan APBN, skema pendanaan IKN, hasil penelitian, data dan peluang atau potensi sosial ekonomi Kaltim dengan adanya IKN Nusantara. Metode penyuluhan live dialogue interaktif. Hasil kegiatan PKM ini masyarakat memahami dalam hal kesiapan Sosial Ekonomi Kerakyatan Kaltim Menuju IKN memerlukan SDM Kaltim yang diperlukan dengan 3 (tiga) mantra yakni intak (kurikulum sekolah), Iptek (vokasi dan kesesuaian potensi daerah), kearifan lokal (seni dan budaya)

Isolated adult hypoganglionosis presenting as sigmoid volvulus: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Isolated hypoganglionosis is a rare cause of intestinal innervation defects. It is characterized by sparse and small myenteric ganglia, absent or low acetylcholinesterase activity in the lamina propria and hypertrophy of the muscularis mucosae, principally in the region of the colon and rectum. It accounts for 5% of all intestinal neuronal malformations. To the best of our knowledge, only 92 cases of isolated hypoganglionosis were reported from 1978 to 2009. Isolated hypoganglionosis usually manifests as enterocolitis or poor bowel function, and is diagnosed in infancy or childhood. We report the first case of isolated hypoganglionosis presenting with sigmoid volvulus in a 34-year-old woman.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>A 34-year-old Asian woman had progressively increasing abdominal pain and had not passed stool or flatus for two days. A physical examination revealed a distended abdomen with sluggish gut sounds. A computerized tomography (CT) scan demonstrated gross dilatation of the sigmoid colon (maximal diameter 14.3 cm) suggestive of sigmoid volvulus. During emergency laparotomy, sigmoidectomy with a side-to-side colorectal anastomosis was performed. Histopathology of the resected specimen showed occasional ganglion cells and hypertrophied nerve bundles in the muscle layers, suggesting hypoganglionosis. Colonoscopy was performed, and multiple full-thickness biopsies were taken that showed hypoganglionosis of the entire large bowel. Our patient underwent total colectomy with an ileorectal anastomosis. Subsequently our patient reported a dramatic improvement in her bowel function.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Isolated hypoganglionosis is a rare cause of intestinal dysganglionosis and cannot be differentiated from Hirschsprung's disease based on clinical presentation. This case report describes an atypical presentation of the disease. A definitive diagnosis requires histopathological analysis of full-thickness intestinal biopsies. Treatment should be tailored to the extent of hypoganglionosis.</p

Effect of temperature anisotropy on various modes and instabilities for a magnetized non-relativistic bi-Maxwellian plasma

Using kinetic theory for homogeneous collisionless magnetized plasmas, we present an extended review of the plasma waves and instabilities and discuss the anisotropic response of generalized relativistic dielectric tensor and Onsager symmetry properties for arbitrary distribution functions. In general, we observe that for such plasmas only those electromagnetic modes whose magnetic field perturbations are perpendicular to the ambient magneticeld, i.e.,B1 \perp B0, are effected by the anisotropy. However, in oblique propagation all modes do show such anisotropic effects. Considering the non-relativistic bi-Maxwellian distribution and studying the relevant components of the general dielectric tensor under appropriate conditions, we derive the dispersion relations for various modes and instabilities. We show that only the electromagnetic R- and L- waves, those derived from them and the O-mode are affected by thermal anisotropies, since they satisfy the required condition B1\perpB0. By contrast, the perpendicularly propagating X-mode and the modes derived from it (the pure transverse X-mode and Bernstein mode) show no such effect. In general, we note that the thermal anisotropy modifies the parallel propagating modes via the parallel acoustic effect, while it modifies the perpendicular propagating modes via the Larmor-radius effect. In oblique propagation for kinetic Alfven waves, the thermal anisotropy affects the kinetic regime more than it affects the inertial regime. The generalized fast mode exhibits two distinct acoustic effects, one in the direction parallel to the ambient magnetic field and the other in the direction perpendicular to it. In the fast-mode instability, the magneto-sonic wave causes suppression of the firehose instability. We discuss all these propagation characteristics and present graphic illustrations

The prevalence of pulmonary hypertension after successful tuberculosis treatment in a community sample of adult patients

There are an estimated 155 million survivors of tuberculosis (TB). Clinical experience suggests that post-pulmonary tuberculosis lung disease (PTLD) is an important cause of group 3 pulmonary hypertension (PH). However, TB is not listed as a cause of PH in most guidelines. A cross-sectional, community-based study was conducted in non-health care seeking adults who had successfully completed TB treatment. Subjects underwent questionnaires, spirometry, a six-minute walk distance test (6MWD) and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). Screen probable PH was defined on TTE as an estimated pulmonary artery peak systolic pressure (PASP) of ≥40mmHg. One hundred adults (71 males) were enrolled, with a mean age of 42 years (SD 13.8 years) and a median of one TB episode (IQR: 1 -2). Co-morbidities included hypertension (21%), diabetes (16%), HIV (10%) and asthma/COPD (5%). Only 25% had no residual symptoms after TB. Probable PH was found in 9%, while 7% had borderline raised PASP values (PASP 35-40mmHg). An association was found between PH and the number of previous TB episodes, with each additional episode of TB increasing the odds of PH-post-TB 2.13-fold (CI 1.17-3.88; P=0.013). All of those found to have PH were smokers or ex-smokers yielding an unadjusted odds ratio for PH-post-TB of 3.67 (95%CI 0.77-17.46). There was no statistical difference in spirometry or 6MWD, between those with and without PH. Neither symptoms nor co-morbidities demonstrated significant association with PH. PH after TB was a common finding in this community-based population. Further research is needed to confirm and determine the significance of these findings

HIV-1 subtype A infection in a community of intravenous drug users in Pakistan

BACKGROUND: Data on the subtypes of HIV in a population help in predicting the potential foci of epidemic, tracking the routes of infection and following the patterns of the virus' genetic divergence. Globally, the most prevalent HIV infection is the HIV-1 subtype C. In Asia, predominant subtypes of HIV-1 are B, C, and CRF-01AE. During the last few years, HIV prevalence in Pakistan has taken the form of a concentrated epidemic in at least two high risk groups, namely, Intravenous Drug Users (IDUs) and Male Sex Workers (MSWs). Factors that have facilitated the proliferation of HIV infection include transmission through a large number of repatriates and needle-sharing intravenous drug users, unscreened blood transfusions, and sexual illiteracy. The HIV subtypes infecting Pakistani populations have not been explored to date. In this study, we analyzed HIV-1 subtypes from in a high-risk community of IDUs in Karachi, the largest city of Pakistan. METHODS: Samples were collected from 34 IDUs after their informed consent. In addition, the study subjects were administered a questionnaire regarding their sexual behavior and travel history. For HIV analysis, DNA was extracted from the samples and analyzed for HIV types and subtypes using subtype-specific primers in a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results from this PCR were further confirmed using the Heteroduplex Mobility Assay (HMA). RESULTS: We found HIV-1 subtype A in all the 34 samples analyzed. A few of the study subjects were found to have a history of travel and stay in the United Arab Emirates. The same subjects also admitted to having contact with commercial sex workers during their stay abroad. CONCLUSION: Our study therefore shows clade A HIV-1 to be prevalent among the IDUs in Karachi. As the prevalence of HIV in Pakistan continues to rise, more work needs to be done to track the infection, and to analyze the strains of HIV spreading through the country

Performance of the CMS Cathode Strip Chambers with Cosmic Rays

The Cathode Strip Chambers (CSCs) constitute the primary muon tracking device in the CMS endcaps. Their performance has been evaluated using data taken during a cosmic ray run in fall 2008. Measured noise levels are low, with the number of noisy channels well below 1%. Coordinate resolution was measured for all types of chambers, and fall in the range 47 microns to 243 microns. The efficiencies for local charged track triggers, for hit and for segments reconstruction were measured, and are above 99%. The timing resolution per layer is approximately 5 ns