Solitons of two-component Bose-Einstein condensates modulated in space and time

In this paper we present soliton solutions of two coupled nonlinear Schodinger equations modulated in the bspace and time. The approach allows us to obatin solitons with large variety of solutions depending on the nonlinearity and the potential profiles. As examples we show three cases with soliton solution in such system, one of them with potential varying between repulsive and attractive behavior and the others with nonlinearity localized and delocalized, respectively.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figure

The latest Ordovician Hirnantia brachiopod fauna of Myanmar: Significance of new data from the Mandalay Region

A new, latest Ordovician brachiopod fauna is systematically described from the Hwe Mawng Purple Shale Member (Hirnantian) of the Naungkangyi Group of the Pa-thin area, Mandalay Region, Myanmar, revealing one of the most diverse representatives of the typical Hirnantia Fauna. Rhynchonelliformean, craniiformean and linguliformean brachiopods studied belong to 23 genera and a few indeterminate taxa, among which the most abundant genus Kinnella, along with the four common genera (Paromalomena, Pseudopholidops, Fardenia, and Dalmanella), and other genera (such as Cliftonia, Draborthis, Hindella, Hirnantia, Leptaena, Mirorthis, Plectothyrella, Skenidioides, and Xenocrania) are recorded for the first time. This high diversity Hirnantia Fauna represents an ecological differentiation within the benthos of the Sibumasu Terrane during the end Ordovician global crisis. The palaeoeco-unit named herein as the Kinnella-Paromalomena Association is assigned to lower BA3. This paper includes a taxonomic revision with the following conclusions: 1) Sinomena Zeng et al. and Yichangomena Zeng et al. are treated as junior synonyms of Eostropheodonta Bancroft; 2) Hubeinomena Zeng et al. is regarded as a juvenile form of Coolinia Bancroft; 3) Paramirorthis Zeng et al. is considered an immature growth stage of Mirorthis Zeng; 4) Shanomena Cocks and Fortey is treated as a junior synonym of Paromalomena Rong; 5) Scenidium? medlicotti Reed is redesignated as the type species of Kinnella Bergström to replace Hirnantia? kielanae Temple. The distribution of the Hirnantia Fauna in Myanmar, Thailand and western Yunnan of the Sibumasu Terrane highlights the distinctive nature of the Mandalay fauna, and the analyses of the Hirnantia Fauna and others of Sibumasu shows that Sibumasu was not located far from the South China and Lhasa palaeoplates during late Middle and Late Ordovician

Constrained spin dynamics description of random walks on hierarchical scale-free networks

We study a random walk problem on the hierarchical network which is a scale-free network grown deterministically. The random walk problem is mapped onto a dynamical Ising spin chain system in one dimension with a nonlocal spin update rule, which allows an analytic approach. We show analytically that the characteristic relaxation time scale grows algebraically with the total number of nodes $N$ as $T \sim N^z$. From a scaling argument, we also show the power-law decay of the autocorrelation function C_{\bfsigma}(t)\sim t^{-\alpha}, which is the probability to find the Ising spins in the initial state {\bfsigma} after $t$ time steps, with the state-dependent non-universal exponent $\alpha$. It turns out that the power-law scaling behavior has its origin in an quasi-ultrametric structure of the configuration space.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure

Reactive organoallyl species generated from aryl halides and allene: allylation of alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes and cyclic ketones employing Pd/In transmetallation processes

Allylation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and cyclic ketones promoted by Pd/In transmetallation processes has been studied. The unsaturated aldehydes underwent regioselective 1,2-addition to afford secondary homoally alcohols. The reactions have been performed using Pd(OAc)2/PPh3 as catalytic system and metallic indium affording the products in good yields. The same transformation with unsaturated ketones proved to be less efficient, while saturated cyclic ketones delivered generally excellent yields in the presence of CuI. In these latter processes the presence of a distal heteroatom influences the reaction rate

The genetic relationship between female reproductive traits and six psychiatric disorders

Female reproductive behaviours have important implications for evolutionary fitness and health of offspring. Here we used the second release of UK Biobank data (N = 220,685) to evaluate the association between five female reproductive traits and polygenic risk scores (PRS) projected from genome-wide association study summary statistics of six psychiatric disorders (N = 429,178). We found that the PRS of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were strongly associated with age at first birth (AFB) (genetic correlation of -0.68 ± 0.03), age at first sexual intercourse (AFS) (-0.56 ± 0.03), number of live births (NLB) (0.36 ± 0.04) and age at menopause (-0.27 ± 0.04). There were also robustly significant associations between the PRS of eating disorder (ED) and AFB (0.35 ± 0.06), ED and AFS (0.19 ± 0.06), major depressive disorder (MDD) and AFB (-0.27 ± 0.07), MDD and AFS (-0.27 ± 0.03) and schizophrenia and AFS (-0.10 ± 0.03). These associations were mostly explained by pleiotropic effects and there was little evidence of causal relationships. Our findings can potentially help improve reproductive health in women, hence better child outcomes. Our findings also lend partial support to the evolutionary hypothesis that causal mutations underlying psychiatric disorders have positive effects on reproductive success.Guiyan Ni, Azmeraw T. Amare, Xuan Zhou, Natalie Mills, Jacob Gratten, S. Hong Le

Non-BPS Brane Cosmology

We study cosmology on a BPS D3-brane evolving in the 10D SUGRA background describing a non-BPS brane. Initially the BPS brane is taken to be a probe whose dynamics we determine in the non-compact non-BPS background. The cosmology observed on the brane is of the FRW type with a scale factor $S(\tau)$. In this mirage cosmology approach, there is no self-gravity on the brane which cannot inflate. Self-gravity is then included by compactifying the background space-time. The low energy effective theory below the compactification scale is shown to be bi-metric, with matter coupling to a different metric than the geometrically induced metric on the brane. The geometrical scale factor on the brane is now $S(\tau) a(\tau)$ where $a(\tau)$ arises from brane self-gravity. In this non-BPS scenario the brane generically inflates. We study the resulting inflationary scenario taking into account the fact that the non-BPS brane eventually decays on a time-scale much larger than the typical inflationary time-scale. After the decay, the theory ceases to be bi-metric and COBE normalization is used to estimate the string scale which is found to be of order $10^{14}$ GeV.Comment: 20 pages, JHEP3.cl

GTI-space : the space of generalized topological indices

A new extension of the generalized topological indices (GTI) approach is carried out torepresent 'simple' and 'composite' topological indices (TIs) in an unified way. Thisapproach defines a GTI-space from which both simple and composite TIs represent particular subspaces. Accordingly, simple TIs such as Wiener, Balaban, Zagreb, Harary and Randićconnectivity indices are expressed by means of the same GTI representation introduced for composite TIs such as hyper-Wiener, molecular topological index (MTI), Gutman index andreverse MTI. Using GTI-space approach we easily identify mathematical relations between some composite and simple indices, such as the relationship between hyper-Wiener and Wiener index and the relation between MTI and first Zagreb index. The relation of the GTI space with the sub-structural cluster expansion of property/activity is also analysed and some routes for the applications of this approach to QSPR/QSAR are also given

Controlling Statistical Properties of a Cooper Pair Box Interacting with a Nanomechanical Resonator

We investigate the quantum entropy, its power spectrum, and the excitation inversion of a Cooper pair box interacting with a nanomechanical resonator, the first initially prepared in its excited state, the second prepared in a "cat"-state. The method uses the Jaynes-Cummings model with damping, with different decay rates of the Cooper pair box and distinct detuning conditions, including time dependent detunings. Concerning the entropy, it is found that the time dependent detuning turns the entanglement more stable in comparison with previous results in literature. With respect to the Cooper pair box excitation inversion, while the presence of detuning destroys the its collapses and revivals, it is shown that with a convenient time dependent detuning one recovers such events in a nice way.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figure

Discrete molecular dynamics simulations of peptide aggregation

We study the aggregation of peptides using the discrete molecular dynamics simulations. At temperatures above the alpha-helix melting temperature of a single peptide, the model peptides aggregate into a multi-layer parallel beta-sheet structure. This structure has an inter-strand distance of 0.48 nm and an inter-sheet distance of 1.0 nm, which agree with experimental observations. In this model, the hydrogen bond interactions give rise to the inter-strand spacing in beta-sheets, while the Go interactions among side chains make beta-strands parallel to each other and allow beta-sheets to pack into layers. The aggregates also contain free edges which may allow for further aggregation of model peptides to form elongated fibrils.Comment: 15 pages, 8 figure

Spin oscillations in transient diffusion of a spin pulse in n-type semiconductor quantum wells

By studying the time and spatial evolution of a pulse of the spin polarization in $n$-type semiconductor quantum wells, we highlight the importance of the off-diagonal spin coherence in spin diffusion and transport. Spin oscillations and spin polarization reverse along the the direction of spin diffusion in the absence of the applied magnetic field are predicted from our investigation.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in PR