MMPI-2评估应激障碍的效果

目的：采用MMPI-2评估应激障碍(SD)患者的病理心理特征，并探讨其辅助诊断的应用价值。方法：实验组为人院治疗的29名急性应激障碍(ASD)患者及14名创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)患者，对照组为44名适应良好的应激创伤幸存者，在不影响测验症状的情况下完成MMPI-2测试。结果：ASD患者MMPI-2的F、Fb、Fp、Pa、Pt、Sc和Ma的因子得分高于对照组，K和S低于对照组，差异有统计学显著性(P<0．05—0．001)；PTSD患者F、Fb、Vp、Hs、D、Hy、Pa、Pt和Sc高于对照组，S低于对照组,差异有统计学显著性(P<0．05—0．001)；ASD患者Hs、D和Hy低于PTSD患者，差异有统计学显著性(P<0．05．0．001)。两组患者剖面图均呈M678型。Pa和Sc进入判别函数，该函数在训练样本和验证样本中的预测符合率分别为83．9％和72．0％。结论：SD患者和适应良好的创伤幸存者的心理病理表现明显不同，ASD患者和PTSD患者的症状特征也有所差异；MMPI-2对应激失常症状比较敏感，Pa和Sc具有较好的鉴别能力

Assessing with the MMPI-2 for Stress Disorders

目的:采用MMPI-2评估应激障碍(SD)患者的病理心理特征,并探讨其辅助诊断的应用价值。方法:实验组为入院治疗的29名急性应激障碍(ASD)患者及14名创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)患者,对照组为44名适应良好的应激创伤幸存者,在不影响测验症状的情况下完成MMPI-2测试。结果:ASD患者MMPI-2的F、Fb、Fp、Pa、Pt、Sc和Ma的因子得分高于对照组,K和S低于对照组,差异有统计学显著性(P<0.05-0.001); PTSD患者F、Fb、Fp、Hs、D、Hy、Pa、Pt和Sc高于对照组,S低于对照组,差异有统计学显著性(P<0.05-0.001); ASD患者Hs、D和Hy低于PTSD患者,差异有统计学显著性(P<0.05-0.001)。两组患者剖面图均呈M678型。Pa和Sc进入判别函数,该函数在训练样本和验证样本中的预测符合率分别为83.9%和72.0%。结论:SD患者和适应良好的创伤幸存者的心理病理表现明显不同,ASD患者和PTSD患者的症状特征也有所差异; MMPI-2对应激失常症状比较敏感,Pa和Sc具有较好的鉴别能力

改造现有工艺回收地面计量天然气[J]

随着气田的开发,气井会在生产一段时间后出水,并且含水率随着时间推移会逐渐上升.牙哈作业区A区块3口井在见水后,含水上升较快,使得单井产液量增加,现有装置的处理能力凸显不足,导致A区块所有生产井不能全部进站.另外要提高最终采收率,首先要延长见水时间,见水后要控制含水的上升趋势.这要求我们首先要掌握含水井的生产动态,现有装置无法对单井的含水进行计量.这两个问题导致我们必须要进行单井地面计量生产.地面计量时必然导致单井的天然气放空,造成环境污染和天然气浪费,同时还要产生地面计量成本和污水运输成本.在现有的装置基础上建造A区块集中试采装置,可以解决集中处理站处理能力不足的问题,又同时满足了A区块的气井含水计量需求,减少了地面计量的天然气浪费和地面计量费用,保护的环境,节约了成本

不同盐分梯度下胡杨幼苗的光合—光响应特征/Response of Populus euphratica Seedlings to Photosynthesis-light under Salt Stress[J]

通过分析不同盐分处理60d胡杨幼苗的光响应特征.结果表明:①在0～3500 μmol·m-2·s-光强范围,各处理幼苗的净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和水分利用效率(WUE)均随光强增加逐渐增大,而胞间CO2浓度(Ci)呈相反趋势;不同光强下幼苗的Pn、Gs、Tr、Ci和WUE均值均随盐浓度增大而减小;低盐浓度处理(0.5 mol·L-1)条件下,幼苗通过气孔调节提高WUE,降低盐分对幼苗的损伤;高盐处理(2 mol· L-1),气孔基本失去调节能力,出现了Tr相对较低、WUE相对较高的现象,而幼苗的Pn均值降低了约75％,幼苗的光合代谢受到严重抑制.②随盐浓度增大,胡杨幼苗的最大净光合速率(Pnmax)、表观量子效率(α)、暗呼吸速率(Rd)和光饱和点(LSP)逐渐降低,光补偿点(LCP)逐渐增加,盐分抑制了幼苗对光的吸收、利用和转换能力

荒漠地区公路建设环境保护与生态恢复技术

《荒漠地区公路建设环境保护与生态恢复技术》项目组通过资料收集、理论分析、室内外试验和工程实践,系统开展了荒漠地区公路建设与自然环境相互影响、荒漠地区公路建设的生态环境敏感性、荒漠地区公路建设环境保护与生态恢复技术集成以及典型区域公路建设环保与生态建设示范四方面研究,取得了如下主要创新性成果： 1．分析揭示了荒漠地区公路与环境的相互影响关系,建立了公路建设环境保护与生态恢复的基础平台。 2. 提出了荒漠地区公路路域生态功能重要性、环境敏感性和景观类型区划的原则与方法,建立了相应的区划体系。 3．构建了荒漠地区公路路域生态修复技术评价指标体系和评价数学模型。 4．提出了荒漠..

2002–2010年中国典型生态系统辐射及光能利用效率数据集

辐射是陆地生态系统能量的主要来源,其利用效率表现为光能利用率,反映了生态系统转化光能、生成有机物质的能力。揭示典型生态系统的辐射及光能利用效率可以为评估区域光能资源及其利用效率提供参考,也为评估区域有机物质固定能力及碳吸收能力提供依据。基于中国陆地生态系统通量观测研究联盟(China FLUX)的长期观测结果及已发表文献的公开数据,构建了2002–2010年中国典型生态系统辐射及光能利用效率数据集,包含51个生态系统126个站点年辐射、光能利用效率及吸收光能利用效率的观测记录。另外,本数据集还包含生态系统代码、年份、经度、纬度、海拔、生态系统类型、年均气温、年总降水量、年均CO2质量浓度、年均叶面积指数、最大叶面积指数等生物气候信息。本数据集可以为评估生态系统生产能力、应对气候变化等方面的研究提供数据支持

2000–2010年中国典型陆地生态系统实际蒸散量和水分利用效率数据集

蒸散是陆地生态系统水分循环和能量平衡的关键过程,水分利用效率是反映生态系统碳水循环间耦合关系的重要指标,二者在生态学、农学、水文学、气候学等多个学科中均具有重要的应用价值。涡度相关法被认为是现今唯一能直接测量生物圈与大气间物质与能量交换通量的标准方法,已成为生态系统尺度碳水交换通量观测的主要方法。本文通过整合中国陆地生态系统通量观测联盟(China FLUX)的长期观测数据和中国区域其他观测站点基于涡度相关法发表的文献数据,构建了一套中国典型陆地生态系统实际蒸散量和水分利用效率数据集。本数据集共有实际蒸散量数据记录143条、水分利用效率数据记录96条,涉及5种生态系统类型45个生态系统,时间跨度为2000–2010年。本数据集可以为陆地生态系统碳水循环、生态系统管理和评估、全球变化等相关领域的研究提供数据支持

Aripiprazole versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: In most western industrialised countries, second generation (atypical) antipsychotics are recommended as first line drug treatments for people with schizophrenia. In this review we specifically examine how the efficacy and tolerability of one such agent - aripiprazole - differs from that of other comparable second generation antipsychotics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of aripiprazole compared with other atypical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register (November 2011), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials, and contacted relevant pharmaceutical companies, drug approval agencies and authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing aripiprazole (oral) with oral and parenteral forms of amisulpride, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, ziprasidone or zotepine for people with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data independently. For dichotomous data we calculated risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) on an intention-to-treat basis based on a random-effects model. Where possible, we calculated illustrative comparative risks for primary outcomes. For continuous data, we calculated mean differences (MD), again based on a random-effects model. We assessed risk of bias for each included study. MAIN RESULTS: We included 12 trials involving 6389 patients. Aripiprazole was compared to olanzapine, risperidone and ziprasidone. All trials were sponsored by an interested drug manufacturer. The overall number of participants leaving studies early was 30% to 40%, limiting validity (no differences between groups).When compared with olanzapine no differences were apparent for global state (no clinically important change: n = 703, 1 RCT, RR short-term 1.00 95% CI 0.81 to 1.22; n = 317, 1 RCT, RR medium-term 1.08 95% CI 0.95 to 1.22) but mental state tended to favour olanzapine (n = 1360, 3 RCTs, MD total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) 4.68 95% CI 2.21 to 7.16). There was no significant difference in extrapyramidal symptoms (n = 529, 2 RCTs, RR 0.99 95% CI 0.62 to 1.59) but fewer in the aripiprazole group had increased cholesterol levels (n = 223, 1 RCT, RR 0.32 95% CI 0.19 to 0.54) or weight gain of 7% or more of total body weight (n = 1095, 3 RCTs, RR 0.39 95% CI 0.28 to 0.54).When compared with risperidone, aripiprazole showed no advantage in terms of global state (n = 384, 2 RCTs, RR no important improvement 1.14 95% CI 0.81 to 1.60) or mental state (n = 372, 2 RCTs, MD total PANSS 1.50 95% CI -2.96 to 5.96).One study compared aripiprazole with ziprasidone (n = 247) and both the groups reported similar change in the global state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD average change in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score -0.03 95% CI -0.28 to 0.22) and mental state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD change PANSS -3.00 95% CI -7.29 to 1.29).When compared with any one of several new generation antipsychotic drugs the aripiprazole group showed improvement in global state in energy (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.69 95% CI 0.56 to 0.84), mood (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.77 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92), negative symptoms (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.82 95% CI 0.68 to 0.99), somnolence (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.80 95% CI 0.69 to 0.93) and weight gain (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.84 95% CI 0.76 to 0.94). Significantly more people given aripiprazole reported symptoms of nausea (n = 2881, 3 RCTs, RR 3.13 95% CI 2.12 to 4.61) but weight gain (7% or more of total body weight) was less common in people allocated aripiprazole (n = 330, 1 RCT, RR 0.35 95% CI 0.19 to 0.64). Aripiprazole may have value in aggression but data are limited. This will be the focus of another review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Information on all comparisons are of limited quality, are incomplete and problematic to apply clinically. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug with a variant but not absent adverse effect profile. Long-term data are sparse and there is considerable scope for another update of this review as new data emerges from the many Chinese studies as well as from ongoing larger, independent pragmatic trials