Cr变质处理对金属锰凝固组织和有效形核的影响

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪、差热-热重分析仪和金相显微镜等检测手段研究了Cr加入量对金属锰凝固组织的影响.结果表明,变质处理得到的金属锰凝固组织主要为柱状树枝晶,添加Cr有利于枝晶组织细化,Cr加入量由0增加至3.7%(?)时,金属锰平均晶粒尺寸先减小后增大,未变质时平均晶粒尺寸最大,为69.0?m;Cr加入量为2.0%(?)时,平均晶粒尺寸最小,仅为37.5?m;Cr加入量增至3.7%(?)时,平均晶粒尺寸增大至51.8?m.熔体中有效异质形核质点数增加是导致金属锰凝固组织细化的主要原因.</p

Cr变质处理对金属锰凝固组织和有效形核的影响

采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱仪、差热-热重分析仪和金相显微镜等检测手段研究了Cr加入量对金属锰凝固组织的影响.结果表明,变质处理得到的金属锰凝固组织主要为柱状树枝晶,添加Cr有利于枝晶组织细化,Cr加入量由0增加至3.7%（ω）时,金属锰平均晶粒尺寸先减小后增大,未变质时平均晶粒尺寸最大,为69.0μm;Cr加入量为2.0%（ω）时,平均晶粒尺寸最小,仅为37.5μm;Cr加入量增至3.7%（ω）时,平均晶粒尺寸增大至51.8μm.熔体中有效异质形核质点数增加是导致金属锰凝固组织细化的主要原因

Optimization Design of the Muffler Based on GT-power

为了寻求一种更简单有效的消声器设计方法,以某一型号发动机为例,将传统的消声器设计理论与gT-POWEr仿真软件相结合,构建了基于gT-POWEr的消声器优化设计流程.利用gT-POWEr软件的声学和流体仿真功能对各消声器结构方案进行仿真分析,通过比较消声器的插入损失和压力损失,得出较优方案,然后再对特定方案进行正交试验以获取最优参数组合,并以试验进行验证.结果表明,优化后的消声器的消声量增加了约12db.In order to seek a simpler and more effective muffler design method,take an engine as an example,the design optimization process based on GT-power was built by combining the traditional muffler design theory with GT-power simulation software.First,the simulation analysis about the structure of each muffler was carried out by using acoustic and fluid simulation function of the GT-power.Then,the optimal solution was obtained by comparing muffler insertion loss and pressure loss.Last,conduct orthogonal experiment for specific schemes to obtain the optimal parameters,which were verified by the test.The result showed that noise elimination quantity of the optimized muffler increased about 12 dB.国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAF07B04); 科技部创新方法工作专项(2011IM020400); 福建省高校产学研合作科技重大项目(2011H6024

alsi合金熔渣精炼过程中al和b在渣金两相间的迁移与分配规律

在1500℃下将Al-Si合金与CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3熔渣混合精炼,考察了渣金比、精炼时间对体系中元素Al和B在渣金两相间分配的影响,并解析了这两种元素的迁移过程。结果表明:熔渣40%CaO-40%SiO_2-20%Al_2O_3和60%Al-Si合金在渣金质量比为5时,精炼硅中B含量由302.74×10~(-6)降至23.37×10~(-6)。元素Al和B在渣金两相间的迁移规律基本一致,呈现出明显的阶段性特征。合金中Al元素在精炼10 min内相间迁移最为剧烈,Al的转化率达到96.52%,剩余少量Al以Al-Si相或Al-Si-Ca相存在于硅晶界处;而B元素在精炼30 min内向渣中迁移效果最为显著,迁移比分别为12.32、10.96,继续延长时间二者含量均变化缓慢。Al元素的氧化会改变精炼渣的组成,精炼相同时间时,随渣中w(CaO+Al_2O_3)/w(SiO_2)值增大,精炼硅中B含量呈先下降后上升的趋势,B含量在w(CaO+Al_2O_3)/w(SiO_2)值1.24附近有最小值8.01×10~(-6),此时B的迁移比达到37.80

Al-Si合金熔渣精炼过程中Al和B在渣金两相间的迁移与分配规律

在1500℃下将Al-Si合金与CaO-SiO_2-Al_2O_3熔渣混合精炼,考察了渣金比、精炼时间对体系中元素Al和B在渣金两相间分配的影响,并解析了这两种元素的迁移过程。结果表明:熔渣40%CaO-40%SiO_2-20%Al_2O_3和60%Al-Si合金在渣金质量比为5时,精炼硅中B含量由302.74&times;10~(-6)降至23.37&times;10~(-6)。元素Al和B在渣金两相间的迁移规律基本一致,呈现出明显的阶段性特征。合金中Al元素在精炼10 min内相间迁移最为剧烈,Al的转化率达到96.52%,剩余少量Al以Al-Si相或Al-Si-Ca相存在于硅晶界处;而B元素在精炼30 min内向渣中迁移效果最为显著,迁移比分别为12.32、10.96,继续延长时间二者含量均变化缓慢。Al元素的氧化会改变精炼渣的组成,精炼相同时间时,随渣中w(CaO+Al_2O_3)/w(SiO_2)值增大,精炼硅中B含量呈先下降后上升的趋势,B含量在w(CaO+Al_2O_3)/w(SiO_2)值1.24附近有最小值8.01&times;10~(-6),此时B的迁移比达到37.80。</p

放射性核束首次物理实验的探测器系统

描述了用放射性核束进行首次物理实验所使用的探测器系统的构成及各类探测器的性能，同时给出了该系统用于物理实验所得到的令人满意的在线获取结果。A detector system used in the first physics experiment on RIBLL which consists of a position sensitive gas filled detector, an array of surface Si(Li) detectors and an array of neutron detectors was described. The performances of the detectors in the system were tested. A position resolution of 2 mm and energy resolutions of 0.4% for thc c α particles and 25keV for 137 Cs inner conversion electrons were obtained. A satisfactory on line experiment result was given in the paper

~(17)N破裂反应产物的测量

利用RIBLL提供的丰中子放射性束测量了17N在197Au和9Be靶上的破裂反应 .用 1 4单元阵列探测器测量得到了前角带电粒子产额和关联粒子对的破裂截面 ,得到了17N在197Au和9Be靶上的带电粒子破裂截面比为 4— 5倍 ,结果表明对重靶核除了核破裂机制外还要考虑库仑破裂的贡

Aripiprazole versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: In most western industrialised countries, second generation (atypical) antipsychotics are recommended as first line drug treatments for people with schizophrenia. In this review we specifically examine how the efficacy and tolerability of one such agent - aripiprazole - differs from that of other comparable second generation antipsychotics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of aripiprazole compared with other atypical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register (November 2011), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials, and contacted relevant pharmaceutical companies, drug approval agencies and authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing aripiprazole (oral) with oral and parenteral forms of amisulpride, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, ziprasidone or zotepine for people with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data independently. For dichotomous data we calculated risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) on an intention-to-treat basis based on a random-effects model. Where possible, we calculated illustrative comparative risks for primary outcomes. For continuous data, we calculated mean differences (MD), again based on a random-effects model. We assessed risk of bias for each included study. MAIN RESULTS: We included 12 trials involving 6389 patients. Aripiprazole was compared to olanzapine, risperidone and ziprasidone. All trials were sponsored by an interested drug manufacturer. The overall number of participants leaving studies early was 30% to 40%, limiting validity (no differences between groups).When compared with olanzapine no differences were apparent for global state (no clinically important change: n = 703, 1 RCT, RR short-term 1.00 95% CI 0.81 to 1.22; n = 317, 1 RCT, RR medium-term 1.08 95% CI 0.95 to 1.22) but mental state tended to favour olanzapine (n = 1360, 3 RCTs, MD total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) 4.68 95% CI 2.21 to 7.16). There was no significant difference in extrapyramidal symptoms (n = 529, 2 RCTs, RR 0.99 95% CI 0.62 to 1.59) but fewer in the aripiprazole group had increased cholesterol levels (n = 223, 1 RCT, RR 0.32 95% CI 0.19 to 0.54) or weight gain of 7% or more of total body weight (n = 1095, 3 RCTs, RR 0.39 95% CI 0.28 to 0.54).When compared with risperidone, aripiprazole showed no advantage in terms of global state (n = 384, 2 RCTs, RR no important improvement 1.14 95% CI 0.81 to 1.60) or mental state (n = 372, 2 RCTs, MD total PANSS 1.50 95% CI -2.96 to 5.96).One study compared aripiprazole with ziprasidone (n = 247) and both the groups reported similar change in the global state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD average change in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score -0.03 95% CI -0.28 to 0.22) and mental state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD change PANSS -3.00 95% CI -7.29 to 1.29).When compared with any one of several new generation antipsychotic drugs the aripiprazole group showed improvement in global state in energy (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.69 95% CI 0.56 to 0.84), mood (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.77 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92), negative symptoms (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.82 95% CI 0.68 to 0.99), somnolence (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.80 95% CI 0.69 to 0.93) and weight gain (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.84 95% CI 0.76 to 0.94). Significantly more people given aripiprazole reported symptoms of nausea (n = 2881, 3 RCTs, RR 3.13 95% CI 2.12 to 4.61) but weight gain (7% or more of total body weight) was less common in people allocated aripiprazole (n = 330, 1 RCT, RR 0.35 95% CI 0.19 to 0.64). Aripiprazole may have value in aggression but data are limited. This will be the focus of another review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Information on all comparisons are of limited quality, are incomplete and problematic to apply clinically. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug with a variant but not absent adverse effect profile. Long-term data are sparse and there is considerable scope for another update of this review as new data emerges from the many Chinese studies as well as from ongoing larger, independent pragmatic trials

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel