诱骗受体DcR3的基因构建、表达及特异性鉴定

目的:构建适于原核表达的人诱骗受体DcR3基因,并进行重组蛋白的表达纯化及特异性鉴定。方法:查得人DcR3cDNA全序列,将其分段设计引物,通过重叠PCR获得DcR3基因。构建pET-22b(+)/DcR3表达载体,转化大肠杆菌Rosseta-gami,IPTG诱导表达,Ni柱纯化。采用ELISA进行特异性鉴定。结果:通过重叠PCR获得了编码正确氨基酸序列的目的基因。目的蛋白以包涵体的形式表达,表达量占菌体总蛋白的30%以上。纯化后,蛋白纯度达95%以上。ELISA结果表明所纯化的蛋白可与抗DcR3抗体发生特异结合。结论:诱骗受体DcR3基因的成功构建、表达及纯化,为进一步的功能研究奠定了基础

考虑尺寸效应和加载方式的砂岩抗拉强度统计模型

针对岩石抗拉强度测试过程中的的尺寸效应问题，设计了3组不同直径(50、75、100 mm)的灰砂岩劈裂试验和一组三点弯试验。基于广义最弱链累积失效概率理论，研究了灰砂岩劈裂抗拉强度在几何相似和非几何相似条件下所测抗拉强度相互转换问题。研究结果表明：(1)当圆盘试样直径从50 mm增大到100 mm时，对应的劈裂抗拉强度均值逐渐减小，呈现先陡后缓的变化趋势，三点弯法所测抗拉强度均值约为劈裂抗拉度均值的1.18～1.4倍；(2)使用尺寸效应统计方法建立的灰砂岩试样尺寸效应统计模型，能够在给定失效概率前提下得到不同尺寸下的灰砂岩劈裂抗拉强度。通过近似积分方法计算了劈裂加载方式下的等效强度系数，得到了该加载方式下的等效强度系数计算公式，结合三点弯加载方式下等效强度系数的计算方法，实现了巴西劈裂和三点弯加载方式所测抗拉强度的转换

γ-干扰素释放试验和PPD试验在处置学校结核病暴发疫情中的应用分析

近年来,我国各地在校学生结核病的暴发疫情时有发生[1-3],给学生的身心健康造成了极大伤害。在调查处置学校结核病暴发疫情中,γ-干扰素释放试验和PPD试验作为细胞免疫学诊断结核的主要方法之一,分别通过外周血T淋巴细胞释放γ-干扰素和体内T淋巴细胞产生免疫应答来判断个体感染结核菌程度[4],为筛查发现高危密切接触者、及时控制疫情提供了科学依据。为比较γ-干扰素释放试验

我国地球化学块体内矿产资源潜力预测

中国地质调查局发展研究中心 ； 中国地质大学(北京) ； 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所 ； 新疆维吾尔自治区地质调查院 ； 贵州省地质调查院 ； 青海省地质调查院 ； 西藏自治区地质调查院 ； 甘肃省地质调查院 ； 四川省地质调查院 ； 云南省地质调查院 ； 宁夏回族自治区地质调查院 ； 内蒙古自治区地质调查

Aripiprazole versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: In most western industrialised countries, second generation (atypical) antipsychotics are recommended as first line drug treatments for people with schizophrenia. In this review we specifically examine how the efficacy and tolerability of one such agent - aripiprazole - differs from that of other comparable second generation antipsychotics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of aripiprazole compared with other atypical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register (November 2011), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials, and contacted relevant pharmaceutical companies, drug approval agencies and authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing aripiprazole (oral) with oral and parenteral forms of amisulpride, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, ziprasidone or zotepine for people with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data independently. For dichotomous data we calculated risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) on an intention-to-treat basis based on a random-effects model. Where possible, we calculated illustrative comparative risks for primary outcomes. For continuous data, we calculated mean differences (MD), again based on a random-effects model. We assessed risk of bias for each included study. MAIN RESULTS: We included 12 trials involving 6389 patients. Aripiprazole was compared to olanzapine, risperidone and ziprasidone. All trials were sponsored by an interested drug manufacturer. The overall number of participants leaving studies early was 30% to 40%, limiting validity (no differences between groups).When compared with olanzapine no differences were apparent for global state (no clinically important change: n = 703, 1 RCT, RR short-term 1.00 95% CI 0.81 to 1.22; n = 317, 1 RCT, RR medium-term 1.08 95% CI 0.95 to 1.22) but mental state tended to favour olanzapine (n = 1360, 3 RCTs, MD total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) 4.68 95% CI 2.21 to 7.16). There was no significant difference in extrapyramidal symptoms (n = 529, 2 RCTs, RR 0.99 95% CI 0.62 to 1.59) but fewer in the aripiprazole group had increased cholesterol levels (n = 223, 1 RCT, RR 0.32 95% CI 0.19 to 0.54) or weight gain of 7% or more of total body weight (n = 1095, 3 RCTs, RR 0.39 95% CI 0.28 to 0.54).When compared with risperidone, aripiprazole showed no advantage in terms of global state (n = 384, 2 RCTs, RR no important improvement 1.14 95% CI 0.81 to 1.60) or mental state (n = 372, 2 RCTs, MD total PANSS 1.50 95% CI -2.96 to 5.96).One study compared aripiprazole with ziprasidone (n = 247) and both the groups reported similar change in the global state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD average change in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score -0.03 95% CI -0.28 to 0.22) and mental state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD change PANSS -3.00 95% CI -7.29 to 1.29).When compared with any one of several new generation antipsychotic drugs the aripiprazole group showed improvement in global state in energy (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.69 95% CI 0.56 to 0.84), mood (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.77 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92), negative symptoms (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.82 95% CI 0.68 to 0.99), somnolence (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.80 95% CI 0.69 to 0.93) and weight gain (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.84 95% CI 0.76 to 0.94). Significantly more people given aripiprazole reported symptoms of nausea (n = 2881, 3 RCTs, RR 3.13 95% CI 2.12 to 4.61) but weight gain (7% or more of total body weight) was less common in people allocated aripiprazole (n = 330, 1 RCT, RR 0.35 95% CI 0.19 to 0.64). Aripiprazole may have value in aggression but data are limited. This will be the focus of another review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Information on all comparisons are of limited quality, are incomplete and problematic to apply clinically. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug with a variant but not absent adverse effect profile. Long-term data are sparse and there is considerable scope for another update of this review as new data emerges from the many Chinese studies as well as from ongoing larger, independent pragmatic trials

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel