30,059 research outputs found
Extraction of features from sleep EEG for Bayesian assessment of brain development
Brain development can be evaluated by experts analysing age-related patterns in sleep electroencephalograms (EEG). Natural variations in the patterns, noise, and artefacts affect the evaluation accuracy as well as experts' agreement. The knowledge of predictive posterior distribution allows experts to estimate confidence intervals within which decisions are distributed. Bayesian approach to probabilistic inference has provided accurate estimates of intervals of interest. In this paper we propose a new feature extraction technique for Bayesian assessment and estimation of predictive distribution in a case of newborn brain development assessment. The new EEG features are verified within the Bayesian framework on a large EEG data set including 1,100 recordings made from newborns in 10 age groups. The proposed features are highly correlated with brain maturation and their use increases the assessment accuracy
Classification of newborn EEG maturity with Bayesian averaging over decision trees
EEG experts can assess a newbornâs brain maturity by visual analysis of age-related patterns in sleep EEG. It is highly desirable to make the results of assessment most accurate and reliable. However, the expert analysis is limited in capability to provide the estimate of uncertainty in assessments. Bayesian inference has been shown providing the most accurate estimates of uncertainty by using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) integration over the posterior distribution. The use of MCMC enables to approximate the desired distribution by sampling the areas of interests in which the density of distribution is high. In practice, the posterior distribution can be multimodal, and so that the existing MCMC techniques cannot provide the proportional sampling from the areas of interest. The lack of prior information makes MCMC integration more difficult when a model parameter space is large and cannot be explored in detail within a reasonable time. In particular, the lack of information about EEG feature importance can affect the results of Bayesian assessment of EEG maturity. In this paper we explore how the posterior information about EEG feature importance can be used to reduce a negative influence of disproportional sampling on the results of Bayesian assessment. We found that the MCMC integration tends to oversample the areas in which a model parameter space includes one or more features, the importance of which counted in terms of their posterior use is low. Using this finding, we proposed to cure the results of MCMC integration and then described the results of testing the proposed method on a set of sleep EEG recordings
Design Challenges for GDPR RegTech
The Accountability Principle of the GDPR requires that an organisation can
demonstrate compliance with the regulations. A survey of GDPR compliance
software solutions shows significant gaps in their ability to demonstrate
compliance. In contrast, RegTech has recently brought great success to
financial compliance, resulting in reduced risk, cost saving and enhanced
financial regulatory compliance. It is shown that many GDPR solutions lack
interoperability features such as standard APIs, meta-data or reports and they
are not supported by published methodologies or evidence to support their
validity or even utility. A proof of concept prototype was explored using a
regulator based self-assessment checklist to establish if RegTech best practice
could improve the demonstration of GDPR compliance. The application of a
RegTech approach provides opportunities for demonstrable and validated GDPR
compliance, notwithstanding the risk reductions and cost savings that RegTech
can deliver. This paper demonstrates a RegTech approach to GDPR compliance can
facilitate an organisation meeting its accountability obligations
Migrations and habitat use of the smooth hammerhead shark (Sphyrna zygaena) in the Atlantic Ocean
The smooth hammerhead shark, Sphyrna zygaena, is a cosmopolitan semipelagic shark captured as bycatch in pelagic oceanic fisheries, especially pelagic longlines targeting swordfish and/or tunas. From 2012 to 2016, eight smooth hammerheads were tagged with Pop-up Satellite Archival Tags in the inter-tropical region of the Northeast Atlantic Ocean, with successful transmissions received from seven tags (total of 319 tracking days). Results confirmed the smooth hammerhead is a highly mobile species, as the longest migration ever documented for this species (> 6600 km) was recorded. An absence of a diel vertical movement behavior was noted, with the sharks spending most of their time at surface waters (0-50 m) above 23 degrees C. The operating depth of the pelagic long-line gear was measured with Minilog Temperature and Depth Recorders, and the overlap with the species vertical distribution was calculated. The overlap is taking place mainly during the night and is higher for juveniles (similar to 40% of overlap time). The novel information presented can now be used to contribute to the provision of sustainable management tools and serve as input for Ecological Risk Assessments for smooth hammerheads caught in Atlantic pelagic longline fisheries.Oceanario de Lisboa through Project "SHARK-TAG: Migrations and habitat use of the smooth hammerhead shark in the Atlantic Ocean"; Investigador-FCT from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia) [Ref: IF/00253/2014]; EU European Social Fund; Programa Operacional Potencial Human
Large Deployable Reflector (LDR) system concept and technology definition study. Volume 2: Technology assessment and technology development plan
A study was conducted to define reasonable and representative LDR system concepts for the purpose of defining a technology development program aimed at providing the requisite technological capability necessary to start LDR development by the end of 1991. This volume presents thirteen technology assessments and technology development plans, as well as an overview and summary of the LDR concepts. Twenty-two proposed augmentation projects are described (selected from more than 30 candidates). The five LDR technology areas most in need of supplementary support are: cryogenic cooling; astronaut assembly of the optically precise LDR in space; active segmented primary mirror; dynamic structural control; and primary mirror contamination control. Three broad, time-phased, five-year programs were synthesized from the 22 projects, scheduled, and funding requirements estimated
Policy Duration Effect under Zero Interest Rates: An Application of Wavelet Analysis
A major feature of recent monetary policy in Japan has been heavy reliance on the so-called policy duration effect. This policy employs a commitment to compensate for the central bankâs inability to lower the interest rate below zero by altering the anticipated course of monetary policy actions. This paper analyzes the behavior of the yield curve and examines the effectiveness and limitations of monetary policy commitment under zero interest rates with four indicators for policy duration effect. Specifically, we extend our previous study (Okina and Shiratsuka (2003)) by applying wavelet analysis to indicators for policy duration effect. As in the previous study, the policy duration effect was found to be highly effective in stabilizing market expectations for the path of short-term interest rates, thereby reducing longer-term interest rates and flattening the yield curve. The policy duration effect, however, failed to reverse deflationary expectations in financial markets.zero interest rate policy, quantitative monetary easing, policy duration effects, policy commitment, wavelet analysis
Soft-bottom fishes and spatial protection: findings from a temperate marine protected area
Numerous studies over the last decades have focused on marine protected areas (MPAs) and their effects on fish communities. However, there is a knowledge gap regarding how species that live associated with soft-substrates (e.g., sand, mud) respond to spatial protection. We analyzed abundance, biomass and total lengths of the soft-bottom fishes in a multiple-use MPA in the north-eastern Atlantic, the Luiz Saldanha Marine Park (Portugal), during and after the implementation of its management plan. Data were collected by experimental fishing in areas with three different levels of protection, during the implementation period and for three years after full implementation of the MPA. Univariate analysis detected significant biomass increases between the two periods. Fish assemblages were mainly structured by depth and substrate, followed by protection level. Community composition analyses revealed significant differences between protection levels and between the two periods. Species exhibited a broad variation in their response to protection, and we hypothesize that factors such as species habitat preferences, body size and late maturity might be underlying determinants. Overall, this study provides some evidence of protection effectiveness in soft-bottom fish communities, supported by the significant increase in biomass in the protected areas and the positive trends of some species.project LIFE-BIOMARES [LIFE06 NAT/P/000192]; project BUFFER (ERA-Net BiodivERsA); company SECIL-Companhia Geral de Cal e Cimento S.A.; FCT-Foundation for Science and Technology [CCMAR/Multi/04326/2013, SFRH/BD/80771/2011]; Foundation for Science and Technology [SFRH/BD/80771/2011]; 2012 Sesimbra Scientific Priz
Progress report for SRDCP on the Atlantic-wide study on the age and growth of shortfin mako shark
The ICCAT Shark Research and Data Collection Program (SRDCP) aims to develop and
coordinate science and science-related activities needed to support provision of sound scientific
advice for the conservation and management of pelagic sharks in the Atlantic. This Program was
developed in 2013-2014 by the Sharks Species Group, and framed within the 2015-2020 SCRS
Strategic Plan. Within this Program, a specific study on the age and growth of shortfin mako in the
Atlantic was developed, with the purpose of contributing to the 2017 ICCAT SMA stock assessment.
In the paper, we provide an update of the project, including preliminary growth models for the
North Atlantic Ocean.Project "LL-Sharks: Mitigação das capturas de tubarĂ”es na pescaria de palangre de superfĂcie (Ref: 31-03-05-FEP-44, funded by PROMAR)", Project "MAKO-WIDE - "A
wide scale inter-hemispheric and inter-disciplinary study aiming the conservation of the shortfin mako shark in the
Atlantic Ocean (Ref: FAPESP/19740/2014)", funded by FCT (Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology)
and FAPESP (SĂŁo Paulo Research Foundation, Brazil), and Project SAFEWATERS SC7 (The provision of advice
on the conservation of pelagic sharks associated to fishing activity under EU Sustainable Fisheries Partnership
Agreements in the Atlantic Ocean) under the Framework Contract MARE/2012/21, funded by the European
Commission. Additional satellite tags were acquired by NOAA in US-Uruguay and US-Portugal-Uruguay
collaboration initiatives. Rui Coelho is supported by an Investigador-FCT contract from the Portuguese Foundation
for Science and Technology (FCT) supported by the EU European Social Fund and the Programa Operacional
Potencial Humano (Ref: IF/00253/2014). Catarina C. Santos is supported by an FCT Doctoral grant (Ref:
SFRH/BD/139187/2018).info:eu-repo/semantics/draf
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