4,841 research outputs found
The family Carabodidae (Acari, Oribatida) VIII: The genus Machadocepheus (first part) Machadocepheus leoneae sp. n. and Machadocepheus rachii sp. n. from Gabon
The genus Machadocepheus, being one of the more complex genera of the Carabodidae family, is briefly outlined to demonstrate this complexity. Descriptions of two new species from Gabon, M. leoneae sp. n. and M. rachii sp. n. are given.Fil: FernĂĄndez, NĂ©stor Alfredo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de BiologĂa Subtropical. Instituto de BiologĂa Subtropical - Nodo Posadas | Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de BiologĂa Subtropical. Instituto de BiologĂa Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Theron, Pieter. North West University; SudĂĄfricaFil: Rollard, Christine. North West University; SudĂĄfricaFil: Leiva, Sergio. Instituto Nacional de TecnologĂa Agropecuaria; Argentin
Revision of the family Carabodidae (Acari, Oribatida) VII. Redefinition of the genus Malgasodes; redescription of M. curvisetus Mahunka, 2000; and complementary description of M. hungarorum Mahunka, 2010. Phylogenetic relationships between Malgasodes, Bovicarabodes, Afticarabodes, Congocepheus and Cavaecarabodes are discussed
The genus Malgasodes is redefined; the type species M. curvisetus Mahunka, 2000, is redescribed by meansof studies using optic and Scanning Electron Microsopy (SEM), and a complementary description of M.hungarorum Mahunka, 2000 is included. Comparison of genera Malgasodes Mahunka, 2000, Bovicarabodes Fernandez, Theron, Rollard, 2013a, Cavaecarabodes Fernandez, Theron, Rollard, Rodriguez Castillo,2014, Afticarabodes Fernandez, Theron, Rollard, 2013b, and Congocepheus Balogh, 1958 is made. Problems concerning chaetotaxy, regressive evolution and neotrichy are explained and phylogenetic relationships between Malgasodes, Bovicarabodes, Afticarabodes, Congocepheus and Cavaecarabodes are discussed.Fil: FernĂĄndez, NĂ©stor Alfredo. North-West University. Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management; SudĂĄfrica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de BiologĂa Subtropical. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de BiologĂa Subtropical; ArgentinaFil: Theron, Pieter. North-West University. Research Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management; SudĂĄfricaFil: Rollard, Christine. MusĂ©um National d; FranciaFil: Castillo, Elio Rodrigo Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas. Centro CientĂfico TecnolĂłgico Conicet - Nordeste. Instituto de BiologĂa Subtropical. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de BiologĂa Subtropical; Argentin
Redescription of Hemileius suramericanus (Acari, Oribatida, Scheloribatidae) with comments about Neotropical congeneric species
This paper represents the first redescription of Hemileius suramericanus (Hammer, 1958) (Oribatida, Scheloribatidae). Morphological and chaetotactic details are added to original Hammer's description. The species is compared with others Neotropical species of Hemileius and two new synonyms, H. laticlava and H. confundatus sensu Hammer, are proposed.Fil: Fredes, Natalia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂa; ArgentinaFil: MartĂnez, Pablo Antonio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones CientĂficas y TĂ©cnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de BiologĂa; Argentin
Diatom and microarthropod communities of three airfields in Estonia â Their differences and similarities and possible linkages to airfield properties
Even though airfields, which are often anthropologically modified natural areas, are continuously influenced by human activities, their soils are still dynamic ecosystems containing various habitats for microscopic groups of organisms which are often ignored. In this exploratory study, the microarthropod fauna, Collembola (Hexapoda) and oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida), and diatom (Bacillariophyta) flora were identified in three Estonian airfields, both runway sides and snow-melting sites were investigated. The communities of these airfields shared approximately 10â60% of the species belonging to each studied bioindicator group. The shared species were generally characteristic of a broad habitat spectrum. Communities were also characterized based on their species richness and diversity and in relation to location and the purpose of different airfield areas (e.g. snow-melting sites vs. runway sides). Also, species indicative of a specific airfield or purpose of the area within the airfield were identified using Indicator Species Analysis. Some possible linkages between airfield properties and communities, e.g. airfield that had highest pollutant concentrations had also maintained high diversity and species richness, were noted. Despite the contamination levels the airfield soils had still maintained a functioning soil ecosystem
Water, rather than temperature, dominantly impacts how soil fauna affect dissolved carbon and nitrogen release from fresh litter during early litter decomposition
Longstanding observations suggest that dissolved materials are lost from fresh litter through leaching, but the role of soil fauna in controlling this process has been poorly documented. In this study, a litterbag experiment employing litterbags with different mesh sizes (3 mm to permit soil fauna access and 0.04 mm to exclude fauna access) was conducted in three habitats (arid valley, ecotone and subalpine forest) with changes in climate and vegetation types to evaluate the effects of soil fauna on the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) during the first year of decomposition. The results showed that the individual density and community abundance of soil fauna greatly varied among these habitats, but Prostigmata, Isotomidae and Oribatida were the dominant soil invertebrates. At the end of the experiment, the mass remaining of foliar litter ranged from 58% for shrub litter to 77% for birch litter, and the DOC and TDN concentrations decreased to 54%-85% and increased to 34%-269%, respectively, when soil fauna were not present. The effects of soil fauna on the concentrations of both DOC and TDN in foliar litter were greater in the subalpine forest (wetter but colder) during the winter and in the arid valley (warmer but drier) during the growing season, and this effect was positively correlated with water content. Moreover, the effects of fauna on DOC and TDN concentrations were greater for high-quality litter and were related to the C/N ratio. These results suggest that water, rather than temperature, dominates how fauna affect the release of dissolved substances from fresh litter
Oribatid assemblies of tropical high mountains on some points of the âGondwana-Bridgeâ â a case study
This work is the first part of a series of studies, which introduces the methodological possibilities of coenological and zoogeographical indication and â following the climate, vegetation and elevation zones â the pattern-describing analysis of the main Oribatid sinusia of the world explored till our days.This current work is a case-study, which displays the comparison of 9 examination sites from 3
different geographical locations. On each location, three vegetation types have been examined: a plain
rain-forest, a mossforest and a mountainous paramo. Analyses are based on the hitherto non-published
genus-level database and coenological tables of the deceased JĂĄnos Balogh professor. Occurrence of 18
genera is going to be published as new data for the given zoogeographical region
Soil organisms in organic and conventional cropping systems.
Apesar do crescente interesse pela agricultura orgĂąnica, sĂŁo poucas as informaçÔes de pesquisa disponĂveis sobre o assunto. Assim, num Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo distrĂłfico foram comparados os efeitos de sistemas de cultivo orgĂąnico e convencional, para as culturas do tomate (Lycopersicum esculentum) e do milho (Zea mays), sobre a comunidade de organismos do solo e suas atividades. As populaçÔes de fungos,bactĂ©rias e actinomicetos, determinadas pela contagem de colĂŽnias em meio de cultura, foram semelhantes para os dois sistemas de produção. A atividade microbiana, avaliada pela evolução de CO2, manteve-se superior no sistema orgĂąnico, sendo que em determinadas avaliaçÔes foi o dobro da evolução verificada no sistema convencional. O nĂșmero de espĂ©cimes de minhoca foi praticamente dez vezes maior no sistema orgĂąnico. NĂŁo foi observada diferença na taxa de decomposição de matĂ©ria orgĂąnica entre os dois sistemas. De modo geral, o nĂșmero de indivĂduos de microartrĂłpodos foi superior no sistema orgĂąnico do que no sistema convencional, refletindo no maior Ăndice de diversidade de Shannon. As maiores populaçÔes de insetos foram as da ordem Collembola, enquanto para os ĂĄcaros a maior população foi a da superfamĂlia Oribatuloidea. IndivĂduos dos grupos Aranae, Chilopoda, Dyplopoda, Pauropoda, Protura e Symphyla foram ocasionalmente coletados e de forma similar entre os sistemas
Activity and Diversity of Collembola (Insecta) and Mites (Acari) in Litter of a Degraded Midwestern Oak Woodland
Litter-inhabiting Collembola and mites were sampled using pitfall traps over a twelve-month period from four sub-communities within a 100-acre (40-ha) oak-woodland complex in northern Cook County, Illinois. Sampled locations included four areas where future ecological restoration was planned (mesic woodland, dry-mesic woodland, mesic upland forest, and buckthorn-dominated savanna) and a mesic woodland control that would not be restored. Fifty-eight mite and 30 Collembola taxa were identified out of 5,308 and 190,402 individuals trapped, respectively. There was a significant positive relationship between litter mass and both mite diversity and the ratio of Oribatida to Prostigmata and a significant negative relationship between Collembola diversity and litter. Based on multivariate analysis, Collembola and mite composition differed by sub-community and season interaction
Effects of Olive Mill Wastewater on Soil Microarthropods and Soil Chemistry in Two Different Cultivation Scenarios in Israel and Palestinian Territories
Although olive mill wastewater (OMW) is often applied onto soil and is known
to be phytotoxic, its impact on soil fauna is still unknown. The objective of this study was
to investigate how OMW spreading in olive orchards affects Oribatida and Collembola
communities, physicochemical soil properties and their interdependency. For this, we
treated plots in two study sites (Gilat, Bait Reema) with OMW. Among others, the sites
differed in irrigation practice, soil type and climate. We observed that soil acidity and
water repellency developed to a lower extent in Gilat than in Bait Reema. This may be
explained by irrigation-induced dilution and leaching of OMW compounds in Gilat. In Bait
Reema, OMW application suppressed emergence of Oribatida and induced a community
shift, but the abundance of Collembola increased in OMW and water-treated plots. In
Gilat, Oribatida abundance increased after OMW application. The effects of OMW
application on soil biota result from an interaction between stimulation of biological activity and suppression of sensitive species by toxic compounds. Environmental and
management conditions are relevant for the degree and persistence of the effects.
Moreover, this study underlines the need for detailed research on the ecotoxicological
effects of OMW at different application rates
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