Combinative Class Management to Reduce Student Academic Procrastination during the Covid-19 Pandemic

The prevalence of academic procrastination among students in various cultures around the world is up to 70%. The Covid-19 pandemic, which requires online learning, is increasing academic procrastination. Academic procrastination has a serious impact on academic achievement, so it needs strategy to reduce academic procrastination. This study aims to determine the use of combinative classroom management to reduce student academic procrastination. This research is to review research. Literature searches related to strategies to reduce academic procrastination were carried out through Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. The literature relevant to the research objectives was analyzed using hermeneutic techniques. The results of the literature review indicate the need for the use of combinative class management (behavioristic and humanistic approaches). The results of this review literature review can be use as a reference in arranging classes to reduce academic procrastination in students, either during the Covid-19 pandemic or after.Keywords: Combinative classroom management; student academic procrastination; strategies to reduce academic procrastinatio

Academic Procrastination in Undergraduate Students: Understanding the Role of Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration and Academic Motivation

Procrastination is particularly prevalent in the post-secondary student population, with prevalence rates ranging between 70–95%. Students have consistently cited motivation, or a lack thereof, as one of the main sources of their procrastination. One of the most prominent theories explaining motivation is self-determination theory (SDT). Despite the direct links between motivation and procrastination, procrastination has been scarcely examined through the lens of SDT. The current study examined the relationship between basic psychological need (BPN), satisfaction and frustration, academic motivation, and academic procrastination. A sample of 617 undergraduate students completed an online questionnaire about their university experience. Data were analyzed using mediational structural equation models. Results suggested that academic motivation significantly mediated the relationship between BPN satisfaction and procrastination, but not the relationship between BPN frustration and procrastination. These results demonstrate the importance of satisfying the BPN of undergraduate students, as it may increase their academic motivation and, subsequently, reduce their procrastination.La procrastination est particulièrement répandue dans la population étudiante postsecondaire, avec des taux de prévalence allant de 70 à 95 %. Les étudiants citent systématiquement la motivation, ou le manque de motivation, comme l’une des principales sources de leur procrastination. L’une des théories les plus importantes expliquant la motivation est la théorie de l’autodétermination (TAD). Malgré les liens directs entre la motivation et la procrastination, cette dernière a rarement été examinée sous l’angle de la TAD. La présente étude examine la relation entre la satisfaction et l’insatisfaction des besoins psychologiques fondamentaux (BPF), et la motivation et la procrastination scolaires. Un échantillon de 617 étudiants de premier cycle a rempli un questionnaire en ligne portant sur leur expérience universitaire. Une analyse de médiation des données a été réalisée à l’aide de modèles d’équations structurelles. Les résultats indiquent que la motivation scolaire a un effet médiateur significatif sur la relation entre la satisfaction des BPF et la procrastination, mais pas sur la relation entre l’insatisfaction des BPF et la procrastination. Ces résultats démontrent l’importance de satisfaire les BPF des étudiants de premier cycle, car cela peut augmenter leur motivation scolaire et, par conséquent, réduire leur procrastination

Predicting Procrastination: The Role of Academic Achievement, Self-efficacy and Perfectionism

The aim of this study was to examine the relations of academic achievement, self-efficacy, and perfectionism with procrastination in University students, and to examine whether procrastination can be predicted by academic achievement, self-efficacy, and perfectionism dimensions. 227 University students from different faculties completed Tuckmans' procrastination scale, Almost Perfect Scale – Revised (APS-R; Slaney Rice, Mobley, Trippi, & Ashby, 2001) and General self-Efficacy Scale (GSE; Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995), as well as data about academic achievement at the end of last academic year. Results have shown negative correlations of academic achievement, self-efficacy and adaptive perfectionism with procrastination, and a positive correlation between maladaptive perfectionism and procrastination. Results have also shown that self-efficacy is positively correlated with adaptive perfectionism and negatively with maladaptive perfectionism. Maladaptive perfectionism was a positive predictor of procrastination, while academic achievement, self-efficacy and adaptive perfectionism were all negative predictors. Finally, we used Hayes bootstrapping method to examine possible mediations. The results have shown that self-efficacy, by its self, is not a significant mediator, while paths containing self-efficacy and adaptive or maladaptive perfectionism mediate the relation between academic achievement and procrastination. Furthermore, both adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism mediated the relation between self-efficacy and procrastination

Correlates of course anxiety and academic procrastination in higher education

The study examined the prevalence of procrastination among graduate students, and also investigated the relationship between academic procrastination and six dimensions of statistics anxiety. Participants were 103 Masters of Education graduate students enrolled in the final phase of a two-year Sandwich programme at the University of Education, Winneba in the Central Region of Ghana. Statistics anxiety and academic procrastination of teacher-participants were measured using theStatistical Anxiety Rating Scale (STARS) and the Procrastination Assessment Scale-Students (PASS). Findings revealed that a high percentage of students reported problems with procrastination on writingterm papers, studying for examinations, and completing weekly reading assignments. A canonical correlation analysis (Rc1 = .54) revealed that academic procrastination resulting from both fear of failure and task aversiveness correlated significantly to worth of statistics, interpretation anxiety, test and class anxiety, computational self-concept, fear of asking for help, and fear of the statistics lecturer. Implications for statistics anxiety reduction as a procrastination intervention are discussed

The ABC of academic procrastination: Functional analysis of a detrimental habit

Academic procrastination – habitually delaying work with academic tasks to the extent that the delays become detrimental to performance, wellbeing, and health – represents a substantial personal, systemic, and societal problem. Still, efforts to prevent and reduce it are surprisingly scarce and often offered as treatment regimens rather than preventive efforts. Based on the principles of functional analysis and a broad examination of factors that are important for academic procrastinatory behaviors, this paper aims to describe a strategy for analyzing individual controlling conditions for procrastination and give parallel advice on how to change those controlling conditions. Both are ideographic, allowing for individual and dynamic analyses of factors responsible for instigating and maintaining procrastination, as well as tailor-made remedies that address controlling conditions in preventive and curative efforts to reduce procrastination. Although functional analysis integrates well with important research findings in the procrastination field, this approach suggests new criteria for identifying procrastinatory behaviors and an alternative model for analyzing their control conditions. We conclude that a functional approach may supplement procrastination research and efforts to prevent and alleviate this detrimental habit

The Relationship between Academic Procrastination and Academic Performance of Freshmen Students from a Teacher Education Institution

The academic environment is full of challenges and obstacles. With this idea, students promote some unconventional practices in studying. One of which is academic procrastination. This study analyzed the relationship between academic procrastination and academic performance of freshmen students from a teacher education institution. The researcher used a descriptive-correlational research design for this study. Ninety (90) freshmen students took part in the survey using a convenience sampling technique in the academic year of 2018-2019. This study used an adapted instrument for data gathering through a survey. The study also utilized SPSS 20 to analyze the data. Results showed that the respondents procrastinate in their academic activities. In terms of academic performance, professional education subjects got the lowest rating score and the major subjects got the highest. In addition, the program, scholarship status, and religion of the respondents got significant statistical differences. Furthermore, the study also obtained a low indirect relationship between academic procrastination, general education subjects, and professional education subjects. From the findings of the study, the researcher provided pertinent recommendations for parents, students, instructors, and the institution

Analysis of the structural relationship emotional regulation, academic procrastination, and academic burnout

Academic burnout (AB) is a problem that many students are currently facing since the online learning policy was implemented. This research aims to analyze the structural relationship between emotional regulation (ER), academic procrastination (AP), and student AB. This research used ex post facto causal relationship explanatory design. The research subjects were 417 high school students in East Java. The sampling was cluster random sampling technique. The data analysis technique used the Rasch model and structural equation modelling (SEM). The results showed that there was a significant relationship between ER and AP and AB. The implication of findings on the school guidance and counselling program is that the counsellors must pay attention to the factors that contribute to student AB so that counselling services can be designed to prevent student AB

Study Habits and Procrastination: The Role of Academic Self-Efficacy

Inefficient study skills increase the probability that study work is perceived as difficult and aversive, with procrastination as a likely result. As a remedy, more effective study skills and habits may be encouraged. However, research indicates that good study skills and habits may not by themselves be sufficient to remedy problems, as this relationship may be mediated by efficacy beliefs related to academic functioning. We investigated this hypothesis across three student samples (total N = 752). As predicted, structural equation modeling (SEM) indicated that study self-efficacy mediated the study habits—procrastination relation. The mediation effects were medium to large. We conclude that training of, and advice on, study skills and habits should be accompanied by measures that build study self-efficacy

A Review of Behavior Analysis in Education

Most education research in applied behavior analysis (ABA) is specific to early learners, which presents significant opportunity to better determine the effectiveness of various instruction methods for college-aged learners (CALs). Within the context of pedagogy, or method of teaching, ABA is the scientific study of the effect of instructional techniques on student behaviors. The available research for college-aged learners is scattered, non-definitive, and has gaps over time. Despite declension over the past half-century, research examining evidence-based practices in education has identified multiple approaches to help instructors manage and improve individual student behaviors and academic performance for CALs. In this review, I evaluated the available research in education generally, identified methods with the most empirically supported evidence as a best practice for teachers, and suggested topics for future research to help fill in some of the current knowledge gaps in ABA within the confines of education. Additionally, I reviewed the available behavior-analytic research with CALs. These studies were evaluated by determining whether the instructional methods demonstrated clear results with significant improvements in student behaviors and student satisfaction. Analysis of the research identified personalized system of instruction (PSI) as the most effective teaching method for improving CAL outcomes. Given this finding, it is recommended that researchers in the field of ABA who are focused on CALs, develop more methods specific to PSI, encourage teachers apply them in a real-world setting, and determine how best to make this information widely available

Resources for Higher Education Faculty: Development of The Growth Mindset Curriculum for College Instructors

Student’s implicit theories of intelligence within higher education influences their academic performance. A two-part study was conducted to assess educator’s implicit theory of intelligence within high academia. Participants in Study 1 included instructors within higher education institutions who have been administered a Google survey inquiring about their teaching pedagogies, personal characteristics, and demographic. Results indicated that faculty, in general, hold a growth mindset about their students but also hold some fixed mindset beliefs. In addition, there were few differences between instructors from Community Colleges vs Four-Year Institutions or between Public vs Private Institutions. These results suggest that students are no less likely to be exposed to instructors who have a growth mindset if they attend Community Colleges or Public Institutions than if they attend Four-Year or Private schools. Study 2 sought to provide educators with a growth mindset intervention. A growth curriculum was developed, providing educators within higher academia the opportunity to educate their students on Carole Dweck’s concept of implicit theories of intelligence. The curriculum was developed and forwarded to instructors within higher education. Feedback was gathered from faculty who reviewed the curriculum. Of those surveyed, the vast majority reported that they would utilize the curriculum. Adjustments were made to the curriculum in response to feedback from the reviewers. These results suggest that college faculty members generally have a growth mindset but may also have some fixed mindset beliefs. This may make them more open to utilizing an intervention geared toward promoting growth mindsets in their students, such as the one developed here