7-decade tuning range CMOS OTA-C sinusoidal VCO

A new operational transconductance amplifier-capacitor (OTA-C) based sinusoidal voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) has been designed and fabricated, the oscillation frequency of which can be tuned from 74 mHz to 1 MHz. The VCO uses a new OTA whose transconductance is adjusted by using a set of special current mirrors. These current mirrors operate in weak inversion and their gain can be controlled continuously through a gate voltage over many decades. This is the first report of such a wide tuning range for CMOS sinusoidal oscillators. Experimental results are provided

The Industry Advisory Board Event - A Decade of Best Practices

As the leading global advocate of quality construction education, the mission of the American Council for Construction Education1 (ACCE) is to promote, support, and accredit quality construction education programs. ACCE is recognized by the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) as the accrediting agency for master’s degree programs, four-year baccalaureate degree programs and two-year associate degree programs in construction, construction science, construction management, and construction technology. ACCE accredits approximately 100 construction programs at the associate, baccalaureate, and master’s degree levels. The Industry Advisory Board (IAB) Event is one of the educational programs offered annually at the ACCE mid-year meeting in February. Launched in 2010, the IAB Event has gained steady support and momentum from both the construction industry and ACCE accredited academic programs. The daylong IAB Event format includes multiple sessions that focus specifically on the needs of IAB members and the academic programs they support. The IAB Event offers workshops, seminars, panel discussions, presentations, and networking opportunities that have demonstrated proven value to industry, academia, and administrative participants, year after year. This event is unique in demonstrating practical and real-world examples, such as: • The roles and responsibilities of IAB membership. • Meaningful industry participation at the local IAB level. • Communication strategies to engage a network of industry professionals for the exchange of ideas in an open forum. • The tools, training, and resources necessary to create and maintain a “high-impact” IAB. The content of this paper examines the origins and evolution of the IAB Event; documents the progress of the event in terms of attendance; revenues and expenditures; programs, panel sessions, and workshops that have been presented; and outlines the value received by attendees in the form of evaluation surveys

Observed 1970-2005 cooling of summer daytime temperatures in coastal California

This study evaluated 1950–2005 summer [June–August (JJA)] mean monthly air temperatures for two California air basins: the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) and the San Francisco Bay Area (SFBA). The study focuses on the more rapid post-1970 warming period, and its daily minima temperature Tmin and maxima temperature Tmax values were used to produce average monthly values and spatial distributions of trends for each air basin. Additional analyses included concurrent SSTs, 40-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis (ERA-40) sea level coastal pressure gradients, and GCM-downscaled average temperature Tave values. Results for all 253 California National Weather Service (NWS) Cooperative Observer Program (COOP) sites together showed increased Tave values (0.23°C decade−1); asymmetric warming, as Tmin values increase faster than Tmax values (0.27° versus 0.04°C decade−1) and thus decreased daily temperature range (DTR) values (0.15°C decade−1). The spatial distribution of observed SoCAB and SFBA Tmax values exhibited a complex pattern, with cooling (−0.30°C decade−1) in low-elevation coastal areas open to marine air penetration and warming (0.32°C decade−1) in inland areas. Results also showed that decreased DTR values in the basins arose from small increases at inland sites (0.16°C decade−1) combined with large decreases (−0.58°C decade−1) at coastal sites. It is also possible that some of the current observed temperature trends could be associated with low-frequency decadal variability, expected even with a constant radiative forcing. Previous studies suggest that cooling JJA Tmax values in coastal California were a result of increased irrigation, coastal upwelling, or cloud cover. The current hypothesis is that they arise (as a possible “reverse reaction”) from the global warming of inland areas, which results in increased sea-breeze flow activity. GCM model Tave warming decreased from 0.13°C decade−1 at inland sites to 0.08°C decade−1 in coastal areas. Sea level pressure increased in the Pacific high and decreased in the thermal low. The corresponding gradient thus showed a trend of 0.04 hPa 100 km−1 decade−1, supportive of the hypothesis of increased sea-breeze activity

Antimicrobials: a global alliance for optimizing their rational use in intra-abdominal infections (AGORA)

Intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are an important cause of morbidity and are frequently associated with poor prognosis, particularly in high-risk patients. The cornerstones in the management of complicated IAIs are timely effective source control with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Empiric antimicrobial therapy is important in the management of intra-abdominal infections and must be broad enough to cover all likely organisms because inappropriate initial antimicrobial therapy is associated with poor patient outcomes and the development of bacterial resistance. The overuse of antimicrobials is widely accepted as a major driver of some emerging infections (such as C. difficile), the selection of resistant pathogens in individual patients, and for the continued development of antimicrobial resistance globally. The growing emergence of multi-drug resistant organisms and the limited development of new agents available to counteract them have caused an impending crisis with alarming implications, especially with regards to Gram-negative bacteria. An international task force from 79 different countries has joined this project by sharing a document on the rational use of antimicrobials for patients with IAIs. The project has been termed AGORA (Antimicrobials: A Global Alliance for Optimizing their Rational Use in Intra-Abdominal Infections). The authors hope that AGORA, involving many of the world's leading experts, can actively raise awareness in health workers and can improve prescribing behavior in treating IAIs

A Review and Evaluation of Queue Based Control Power Efficient Spectrum Allocation Method for LTE Networks

The cognitive radio based wireless regional area networks (WRAN) is nothing but IEEE-802.22 standard. IEEE 802.22 standard enables opportunistic access to in-use or free 900 MHz TV sub bands by secondary networks. There are many other standards presented; however there is no efficient methods for cognitive networks like LTE for channel access and bandwidth utilization. The existing methods for spectrum access in LTE networks, however most of methods are not flexible, power consuming. Also in literature, we studied that existing methods of spectrum allocation in LTE networks does not efficiently achieve the tradeoff between network QoS (Quality of Service) and power efficiency. The goal of this paper is to present the review on such different spectrum efficiency techniques for LTE networks and then evaluate the recent Queue Based Control (QBC) for power efficient spectrum allocation with its limitations and benefits. QBC approach helps in solving the research problem related to the energy efficiency as well as QoS efficiency to some extent. There are two variants of QBC method such as QBC1 and QBC2 with different objectives and configurations. We are evaluating both this approach on LTE network which is composed of Spectrum Manager (SM), evolved Nodes B (eNBs) and number of user’s. The experimental work is conducted using network simulator (NS2) for delay and energy consumption parameters

A composite energetics study for contrasting south west monsoon years in the recent decade

An attempt has been made to make a composite energetics study for the three contrasting types south west monsoon season (SWMS) over India, viz. marginally normal SWMS (2000 and 2001 when seasonal total rainfall was very close to 90), normal SWMS (2003, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 when seasonal total rainfall was very close to 100 of its long period average) and deficient SWMS (2002, 2004 and 2009, when seasonal total rainfall was less than 90 of its long period average). For that, decadal average for the decade 2000-2009 and anomaly, based on above decadal average, for individual year of this decade, of different energy terms, their generation and conversion among different terms have been computed daily during 1 May-30 September in the recent decade (2000-2009) over a limited region between 65°E to 95°E, 5°N to 35°N. These computations are based on daily NCEP 2.5°x 2.5°data during 1 May-30 September of the above ten years. The composite of these anomalies have then been constructed for the deficient monsoon years (2002, 2004 and 2009), marginally normal monsoon years (2000 and 2001) and for the normal monsoon years (2003, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008). In the decadal average, a steady fall in C(A Z, K Z) and C(A E, K E) till August and steady rise in C(A Z, A E) till July are noticed, indicating a suppressed mean monsoon circulation due to the influence of mid latitude baroclinic westerly systems. Analysis of the composite anomaly of different energetics parameter indicates that the deficient SWM, in the decade under study, are characterized by weaker mean monsoon circulation, as compared to normal or marginally normal SWM, in daily, monthly and seasonal scale, due to anomalous influence of mid latitude baroclinic westerly systems

Leavitt path algebras: the first decade

The algebraic structures known as {\it Leavitt path algebras} were initially developed in 2004 by Ara, Moreno and Pardo, and almost simultaneously (using a different approach) by the author and Aranda Pino. During the intervening decade, these algebras have attracted significant interest and attention, not only from ring theorists, but from analysts working in C$^*$-algebras, group theorists, and symbolic dynamicists as well. The goal of this article is threefold: to introduce the notion of Leavitt path algebras to the general mathematical community; to present some of the important results in the subject; and to describe some of the field's currently unresolved questions.Comment: 53 pages. To appear, Bulletin of Mathematical Sciences. (page numbering in arXiv version will differ from page numbering in BMS published version; numbering of Theorems, etc ... will be the same in both versions

A Decade of Success

The Environmental Law Program--now in its 11th year--has consistently been ranked among the top environmental law programs in the nation since 1995. attracting exceptional students from across the country. Find out how students argue complex litigation before the second-highest court in the land, win court orders and devote 20 to 30 hours per week serving clients

A Decade of Neologisms

Logologists everywhere welcome the appearance of a new dictionary, particularly if it fills a niche not occupied by ones already on the market