COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≤ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≥ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P < 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men

Anti-sepsia para administração de medicamentos por via endovenosa e intramuscular

A pele abriga vasta microbiota, que poderá penetrar camadas mais internas durante a aplicação de medicamentos por via parenteral, daí a importância da anti-sepsia para este procedimento. Objetivamos identificar a utilização da anti-sepsia para a administração de medicamentos por via endovenosa e intramuscular como medida de prevenção de infecção. Estudo descritivo, realizado com a equipe de enfermagem, em oito unidades de um hospital de ensino do município de Goiânia-Go. Os dados foram obtidos mediante observação e preenchimento de check-list. Observamos 212 profissionais. Quanto à via de administração, 19,8% dos procedimentos foram realizados por via EV direta, 72,6% por via EV com sistema já instalado e 7,6% por via IM. A maioria dos profissionais, 79,2%, não lavou as mãos antes de realizar o procedimento. Das 154 medicações feitas em sistema venoso já instalado, não foi realizada a desinfecção do injetor de borracha em 47 (30,5%). No que se refere à anti-sepsia, 72,4% das medicações realizadas por via EV e 27,6% por via IM, utilizaram o anti-séptico em todas as situações mas, em apenas 40,5% das injeções EV e em 37,5% das IM foram feitos os cinco ou mais movimentos em um mesmo sentido com o algodão embebido com álcool a 70%, que é o procedimento preconizado para a realização da anti-sepsia da pele. Após a anti-sepsia, 25 profissionais tocaram o local, contaminando-o, destes apenas 13 (52,0%) fizeram nova anti-sepsia, portanto, houve a recontaminação em 12 situações. Os dados revelam que medidas necessárias à prevenção de infecção, na administração de medicamentos via parenteral nem sempre são adotadas, representando um desafio à educação permanente e do controle de infecção no hospital em estudo

Ensaio de proficiência para análise de ditiocarbamatos em polpa de banana

A proficiency assay of the determination of dithiocarbamate pesticide residues in banana was carried out. Fourteen laboratories participated in this study. Homogeneity and stability testing were performed by INCQS on the samples sent to the laboratories. Analytical results supplied by the pesticide residues laboratory of the VWA/KvW, Amsterdam, Holland, were used to define the designated value for the thiram concentration in the study samples. RESULTS: Fifty percent of the participating laboratories had satisfactory results. Efforts are needed to improve the precision of the analytical results and to decrease the number of false negative results observed

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data