Yellow Fever immunization: an integrative review on vacinal security / Imunização contra Febre Amarela: uma revisão integrativa sobre segurança vacinal

Introduction: Yellow fever (YF) is an acute, febrile, non-contagious infectious disease caused by arboviruses. Clinically, YF ranges from asymptomatic to malignant forms. The disease is transmitted by the bite of the female hematophagous arthropods of the Culicidae family. The main form of prevention of YF is vaccination. In this bias, some conditions determine the highest incidence of adverse effects of vaccination, such as: primary vaccination in people over 60 years of age, vaccination of patients with immunosuppressive diseases or hematological diseases. Adverse effects are also related to the techniques used, material used and patient guidance. Materials and methods: The databases used were Lilacs and Scielo to review the national and indexed literature about safety of yellow fever vaccine. The descriptors were: “immunization” and “yellow fever”. Original articles in Portuguese or English published from January 2010 to April 2020 were included. Articles that do not address vaccine safety and those that did not contain a Brazilian author were excluded. Editorials and reviews were excluded. Discussion: 71 articles were found. Of these, 66 were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Thus, five studies were included. They claim, based on epidemiology, that most adverse reactions are due to the immunogenicity of the pertussis component – especially in children under 12 months of age – and methodological administration errors – such as primary vaccination in those over 60 years of age. The most common effects are fever, rash and hypersensitivity. Adverse reactions are rare, and serious ones, such as viceroscopic disease, are a minority. This scenario is caused by high efficiency in the quality verification of the National Immunization Program in Brazil. However, the efficiency of vaccination could increase through legislative mechanisms that regulate the forms of presentation on the packaging, avoiding waste and expiration. Conclusion: Little is national production on the theme. References indicate high safety and quality in the surveillance and legislation of immunization - despite, greater training of professionals involved in prescription and administration could increase the cost benefit of vaccination. Thus, the discussion and clarification about vaccine safety is one of the foundations for opposing the growing of against-vaccination trend. Financial Support: This scientific work does not have financial support from institutions or people

Acessibilidade e acesso ao serviço em uma clínica escola: público infantil e seu aproveitamento no tempo de espera

A acessibilidade no que diz respeito à saúde é complexa, visto que as necessidades e realidades de cada paciente são diferentes. O desafio consiste em oferecer a melhor condição de atendimento e permanência do paciente no serviço de saúde. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar a experiência de trazer melhorias para a Clínica Escola da Unifacisa em relação à acessibilidade para crianças. Através de uma visita à unidade de saúde observou-se a falta um espaço interativo e lúdico no local para as crianças que são usuárias do serviço. Através do desenvolvimento do Desafio Unifacisa, foi possível disponibilizar materiais lúdicos para as crianças utilizarem durante a espera do atendimento, bem como propor a instituição soluções e sugestões viáveis para promover um ambiente acessível e agradável a esta público, favorecendo a qualidade do atendimento. Com base no exposto e na experiência vivenciada, observa-se importância de tornar os serviços de saúde acessíveis para o público infantil, a fim de promover qualidade no serviço prestado, favorecer o fluxo e a adesão dos pacientes ao tratamento e ao acompanhamento de saúde

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

ONLINE COURSE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS: AN EXPERIENCE REPORT

    INTRODUCTION: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were defined by the United Nations in the preparation of the 2030 Agenda and represent an attempt at a global effort to poverty eradication, environmental protection, sustainable development and the establishment of decent living conditions. In this context, the link between health and sustainable development stands out, especially when we bring planetary health, significant youth engagement and global health to the fore, it expands health promotion within the reach of all the SDGs. EXPERIENCE REPORT: The I Course on Sustainable Development Goals of International Federation of Medical Students Associations of Brazil (IFMSA Brazil) was developed between October 8 and 10 with the objective of promoting the debate on the SDGs in an integrated manner with the IFMSA Brazil's main discussion themes. The event was restricted to 40 participants for better theoretical-practical interaction and held by the Zoom platform. DISCUSSION: Considering the alarming finding of only 20.5% of the participants with any previous contact with SDGs in the curriculum, the discussion of this topic is very important. This fact is emphasized with the current scenario in Brazil, as recent research shows that the country will hardly reach the Agenda's goals, especially with regard to health, which is the scope of the target audience of the course. Social accountability promoted by medical schools is an important way of promoting SDGs by medical students. CONCLUSION: The event forms showed that the event fulfilled its purpose of presenting the SDGs to the participants and integrating them with practical ideas about its approach, thus enabling these students to promote changes in their local realities with the community.INTRODUCTION: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were defined by the United Nations in the preparation of the 2030 Agenda and represent an attempt at a global effort to poverty eradication, environmental protection, sustainable development and the establishment of decent living conditions. In this context, the link between health and sustainable development stands out, especially when we bring planetary health, significant youth engagement and global health to the fore, it expands health promotion within the reach of all the SDGs. EXPERIENCE REPORT: The I Course on Sustainable Development Goals of International Federation of Medical Students Associations of Brazil (IFMSA Brazil) was developed between October 8 and 10 with the objective of promoting the debate on the SDGs in an integrated manner with the IFMSA Brazil's main discussion themes. The event was restricted to 40 participants for better theoretical-practical interaction and held by the Zoom platform. DISCUSSION: Considering the alarming finding of only 20.5% of the participants with any previous contact with SDGs in the curriculum, the discussion of this topic is very important. This fact is emphasized with the current scenario in Brazil, as recent research shows that the country will hardly reach the Agenda's goals, especially with regard to health, which is the scope of the target audience of the course. Social accountability promoted by medical schools is an important way of promoting SDGs by medical students. CONCLUSION: The event forms showed that the event fulfilled its purpose of presenting the SDGs to the participants and integrating them with practical ideas about its approach, thus enabling these students to promote changes in their local realities with the community

Centro de Línguas do IBILCE

The Language Centre at the Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences of São José do Rio Preto (CEL/IBILCE) acts as a connection between theory and practice in the training of future foreign languages teachers by providing the external and internal communities the contact with foreign languages as well as their cultures. It provides a space for conducting research on the processes of teaching and learning languages aimed at professional and academic improvement of future teachers and scholars. Therefore, we emphasize that these studies may be developed by junior and senior researchers and through scientific research (PIBIC and Scientific Initiation).O Centro de Ensino de Línguas no Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas de São José do Rio Preto (CEL/IBILCE) atua como um eixo articulador entre teoria e prática na formação de futuros professores de línguas estrangeiras ao proporcionar às comunidades externa e interna o contato com línguas e culturas estrangeiras. Proporciona um espaço para a realização de pesquisas acerca dos processos de ensinar e aprender línguas, visando ao aprimoramento profissional e acadêmico dos professoresbolsistas. Dessa maneira, ressaltamos que esses estudos poderão ser desenvolvidos por professores-pesquisadores e pelos próprios professores-bolsistas, sob a forma de iniciação científica (PIBIC, Estágio Básico e Iniciação Científica)