La idea de espacio en la arquitectura de Le Corbusier: Musée à croissance illimitée.

[ES] La idea de espacio evoluciona a lo largo de las etapas de la arquitectura de Le Corbusier y su estudio Sèvres 35. En cada lugar, donde el arquitecto actúa, se enfrenta a culturas a las que debe responder de diferentes maneras, a programas específicos, así como a condiciones climáticas extremas que provocan la búsqueda de nuevas formas que resuelvan los retos planteados. Las condiciones particulares de cada lugar y cada cultura, el empleo de lo tecnológico o lo vernáculo, las métricas, el programa, los clientes¿ sumado a la experiencia de propuestas anteriores, acompañados de sus escritos y reflexiones, nos permitirán indagar en cómo se construye la idea espacial de un caso de estudio concreto, MUSEE A CROISSANCE ILLIMITEE.[EN] The idea of space evolves throughout the stages of Le Corbusier's architecture and his study Sèvres 35. In each place, where the architect acts, he confronts cultures to which he must respond in different ways; As well as extreme climatic conditions that generate specific problems and cause the search for new ways to solve the challenges posed. The particular conditions of each place and each culture, the use of technological or vernacular, metrics,program, clients ... added to the experience of previous proposals, accompanied by his writings and reflections, will allow us to investigate how is constructed the spatial idea of a specific case study, MUSEE A CROISSANCE ILLIMITEE.[CA] La idea d’espai evoluciona al llarg de les etapes de l’arquitectura de Le Corbusier i el seu estudi Sèvres 35. En cada lloc, on l’arquitecte actua, s’enfronta a cultures a les qué ha de respondre de diferents maneres, a programes especifics, així com a condicions climàtiques extremes que generen problemes específics i provoquen la trobada de noves formes que resolguem els rectes plantejats. Les condicions particulars de cada lloc i cada cultura, el ús de lo tecnològic o lo vernacle, les mètriques, el programa, els clients... sumat a l’experiència de propostes anteriors, acompanyats del seus escrit y reflexions, ens permetran indagar en com es construïx l’idea espacial de un cas d’estudi concret, MUSÉE À CROISSANCE ILLIMITÉE.Torres De La Rosa, R. (2021). La idea de espacio en la arquitectura de Le Corbusier: Musée à croissance illimitée. Universitat Politècnica de València. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/175920TFG

Soluciones para la gestión de regiones de memoria compartidas por varios hilos

La gestión de memoria dinámica es uno de los puntos más importantes dentro de la implementación de java. Una vez que se ha almacenado un objeto en tiempo de ejecución, el sistema hace un seguimiento del estado del objeto, y en el momento en que se detecta que no se va a volver a utilizar ese objeto, el sistema recupera el espacio ocupado de memoria para un uso futuro. Esta gestión de la memoria dinámica hace que la programación en Java sea más fácil, ya que el usuario no se debe preocupar de liberar el espacio ocupado por los objetos (el equivalente de las funciones dispose en Pascal y free en C). En este proyecto se estudian alternativas a las técnicas clásicas del reciclaje de memoria con el fin de buscar una solución óptima compatible con la ejecución de las aplicaciones de tiempo real crítico. Proponemos distintos modelos basados todos en el uso del paradigma de una región de memoria adicional introducida por RTSJ (Java para Tiempo Real): la región Scoped. Las distintas formas de tratar estas regiones modelizarán las reglas de comportamiento del programa y el modelo de programación, teniendo cada una ciertas ventajas y desventajas aquí analizadas. Una aproximación a una ejecución bajo modelos propuestos estará simulada mediante una aplicación desarrollada en lenguaje Java, especificando las distintas relaciones entre regiones Scoped que se establecen al crear y destruir las regiones implicadas en la ejecución de un programa. [ABSTRACT] The performance of any programming language is limited both by the compliance time of programs as his capacity to save memory with the result of house different memory areas that interact on his execution. A basic element here is the garbage collector, which will clear the memory of information not necessary on every very moment. This project is dedicated to study alternatives of this collector in order that optimize the garbage collection of the programs. We propose different models based on the use of a paradigm of an additional memory area introduced by RTSJ: the Scoped Memory. The different ways of use of these regions will represent rules behaviour of the program and the programming model, having each one his advantages and inconvenients here analyzed. We estimate of the execution under the models proposed will be simulated with an application developed on Java, specifying the relationships between Scoped Memory stablished at the creating and deleting the regions implicated on the application execution

Prospective double-blind clinical trial evaluating the effectiveness of Bromelain in the third molar extraction postoperative period

Objectives: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect of Bromelain (pineapple extract) administered orally in the postoperative after extraction of impacted lower molars. Study Design: This is a prospective, placebo-controlled, unicentric, double-blind study; the sample size was 34 patients. The pre and postoperative outcomes, evaluated on the third (D3) and eighth day (D8), included inflam - tion, pain and oral aperture, as well as the need for analgesics. One group received bromelain 150mg per day for three days and 100mg on days 4 to 7. The other group received placebo in the same dosage. All outcomes wer - recorded quantitatively and analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples. Results: Although there were no statistically significant differences between the treatment groups, a trend towards less inflammation and improved oral aperture was observed in the group that received bromelain, compared to the group that received placebo. This trend can be attributed completely to random reasons, since there is no statistical difference in the results. Conclusions: Further studies are necessary to analyze different administration patterns and doses of bromelain for the use in the postoperative of impacted third molars

Diagnostic Accuracy of Anthropometric Markers of Obesity for Prediabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Introduction: Prediabetes is a significant public health concern due to its high risk of progressing to diabetes. Anthropometric measures of obesity, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) have been demonstrated as key risk factors in the development of prediabetes. However, there is a lack of clarity on the diagnostic accuracy and cut-off points of these measures. Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of these anthropometric measures for their most effective use in identifying prediabetes. Methodology: A systematic review (SR) with metanalysis of observational studies was carried out. The search was conducted in four databases: Pubmed/Medline, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and EMBASE. For the meta-analysis, sensitivity and specificity, together with their 95% confidence intervals (CI 95%) were calculated. Results: Among all the manuscripts chosen for review, we had four cross-sectional studies, and three were classified as cohort studies. The forest plots showed the combined sensitivity and specificity for both cross-sectional and cohort studies. For cross-sectional studies, the values were as follows: BMI had a sensitivity of 0.63 and specificity of 0.56, WC had a sensitivity of 0.59 and specificity of 0.58, and WHtR had a sensitivity of 0.63 and specificity of 0.73. In the cohort studies, the combined sensitivity and specificity were: BMI at 0.70 and 0.45, WC at 0.68 and 0.56, and WHtR at 0.68 and 0.56, respectively. All values are provided with 95% confidence intervals. Conclusions: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of BMI, WC, and WHtR in identifying prediabetes. The results showed variations in sensitivity and specificity, with WHtR having the highest specificity in cross-sectional studies and BMI having improved sensitivity in cohort studies

Asociación entre enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico e intensidad de la actividad física en una muestra de pobladores peruanos

Introducción: la nutrición adecuada, dejar de fumar y de beber alcohol son medidas preventivas y de tratamiento, ayudan a prevenir complicaciones de la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico. Sin embargo, aún existen dudas sobre la intensidad de la actividad física y sus beneficios en el desarrollo de esta enfermedad. Objetivo: determinar la asociación entre la actividad física y la enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico en una muestra de peruanos. Metodología: estudio transversal analítico que utilizo una base de datos secundarias del estudio COHORT CRONICAS. La variable principal fue la presencia o no de enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico, lo cual se determinó a través de un autoinforme por diagnóstico médico. La variable independiente fue la actividad física, cuyos niveles fueron definidos de acuerdo con el protocolo del cuestionario internacional de actividad física, la que se dicotomizó en “bajo” y “medio/alto”. Resultados: se trabajó con un total de 3211 sujetos. La prevalencia de reflujo gastroesofágico fue 4,48% y el 5,36% practicaba actividad física moderada/alta. En la regresión múltiple, se observó que los pacientes con actividad física baja tenían 391% mayor frecuencia de presentar reflujo gastroesofágico, respecto a quienes realizaban actividad física moderado/alta. Luego del ajuste de las covariables: sexo, edad,estatus socioeconómico, estado de fumador, bebedor de alcohol, actividad física e índice de masa corporal; se obtuvo un RP=4,91; IC95%: 1,19 –20,23. Conclusiones: el estudio mostró que la actividad física de intensidad moderada/alta se asocia con una menor prevalencia de enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico. Si los resultados actuales se confirman en investigaciones futuras, los hallazgos de este estudio podrían ser importantes para la prevención y el tratamiento del reflujo gastroesofágico, a través dela intensidad de la actividad física.Campus Lima Nort

Mitochondrial GSH determines the toxic or therapeutic potential of superoxide scavenging in steatohepatitis

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Steatohepatitis (SH) is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive production of superoxide, which can then be converted into H(2)O(2) by SOD2. Since mitochondrial GSH (mGSH) plays a critical role in H(2)O(2) reduction, we explored the interplay between superoxide, H(2)O(2), and mGSH in nutritional and genetic models of SH, which exhibit mGSH depletion. METHODS: We used isolated mitochondria and primary hepatocytes, as well as in vivo SH models showing mGSH depletion to test the consequences of superoxide scavenging. RESULTS: In isolated mitochondria and primary hepatocytes, superoxide scavenging by SOD mimetics or purified SOD decreased superoxide and peroxynitrite generation but increased H(2)O(2) following mGSH depletion, despite mitochondrial peroxiredoxin/thioredoxin defense. Selective mGSH depletion sensitized hepatocytes to cell death induced by SOD mimetics, and this was prevented by RIP1 kinase inhibition with necrostatin-1 or GSH repletion with GSH ethyl ester (GSHee). Mice fed the methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet or MAT1A(-/-) mice exhibited reduced SOD2 activity; in vivo treatment with SOD mimetics increased liver damage, inflammation, and fibrosis, despite a decreased superoxide and 3-nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity, effects that were ameliorated by mGSH replenishment with GSHee, but not NAC. As a proof-of-principle of the detrimental role of superoxide scavenging when mGSH was depleted transgenic mice overexpressing SOD2 exhibited enhanced susceptibility to MCD-mediated SH. CONCLUSIONS: These findings underscore a critical role for mGSH in the therapeutic potential of superoxide scavenging in SH, and suggest that the combined approach of superoxide scavenging with mGSH replenishment may be important in SH

Recommendations for the Implementation of the Self-Administration of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin

© 2023 Torres-Durán et al. This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).Purpose: Administration of exogenous alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is the only specific therapy for the management of pulmonary morbidity in patients with AAT deficiency. It requires weekly or biweekly intravenous infusions, which may impact patient independence and quality of life. Self-administration of AAT therapy is an alternative to reduce the burden for patients who require AAT therapy. We presented herein experts’ recommendations for the implementation of a program for the self-administration of AAT. Methods: This project was conducted using a modified nominal group technique and was undertaken in two online meetings involving the participation of 25 experts: specialists in pulmonology (n=17), nurses (n=5) and hospital pharmacists (n=3). Results: The following issues were discussed, and several recommendations were agreed upon on the following topics: a) patient profile and clinical evaluation, establishing selection criteria that should include clinical as well as social criteria; b) role of health care professionals, suggested roles for specialists in pulmonology, nurses, and hospital pharmacists; c) training by the nurse, including recommendations before initiating the training and the content of the training sessions; and d) logistic issues and follow-up, adherence, and patient support. Conclusion: We expect this proposal to increase awareness of this therapeutic alternative and facilitate the implementation of self-administration programs, thus contributing to optimizing the patient experience with AAT therapy. Further research on the outcomes of these programs, especially from the patient perspective, will also help to improve their design and implementation.This project was funded by CSL Behring España.Peer reviewe

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio