Failure rate in university students: analysis of its variation in the transition from face-to-face education to virtual education

The article presents an exploratory and descriptive study of the failure rate of students of the professional school of mechanical and electrical engineering of a public university in Peru. The purpose is to identify if the level of failure has experienced any positive or negative variation when moving from the context of face-to-face education to virtual education, due to the state of health emergency. This study makes it possible to demonstrate an initial reference state, relevant for decision-making at the level of university academic management, through strategies that will increase the approval rate of this professional school. The results obtained indicate that the level of failure of the students has experienced a positive variation when moving from the face-to-face context to the virtual one, due to the increase in the average rate of failure from 25% to 34%. The results are equivalent to 242 students failed during the context of face-to-face education, and 438 students failed during the context of virtual education. In addition, it is visualized that the specialty subjects, where there are the largest number of failed students, are linked to the area of electrical engineering. Being the subject of Electrical Machines I, the one with the highest failure rate, with a total average of 43% during the context of face-to-face education and 48% during virtual education.Campus Lima Nort

Thermoelectric properties of topological chains coupled to a quantum dot

Topological one-dimensional superconductors can sustain zero energy modes protected by diferent kinds of symmetries in their extremities. Observing these excitations in the form of Majorana fermions is one of the most intensive quests in condensed matter physics. We are interested in another class of one-dimensional topological systems in this work, namely topological insulators. Which present symmetry-protected end modes with robust properties and do not require the low temperatures necessary for topological superconductivity. We consider a device in the form of a single electron transistor coupled to the simplest kind of topological insulators, namely chains of atoms with hybridized sp orbitals. We study the thermoelectric properties of the device in the trivial, non-trivial topological phases and at the quantum topological transition of the chains. We show that the device’s electrical conductance and the Wiedemann–Franz ratio at the topological transition have universal values at very low temperatures. The conductance and thermopower of the device with diatomic sp-chains, at their topological transition, give direct evidence of fractional charges in the system. The former has an anomalous low-temperature behavior, attaining a universal value that is a consequence of the double degeneracy of the system due to the presence of zero energy modes. On the other hand, the system can be tuned to exhibit high values of the thermoelectric fgure of merit and the power factor at high temperatures.Campus San Juan de Luriganch

Shade management and pruning in two coffee varieties vs. plant growth and leaf rust in the Peruvian amazon

Coffee leaf rust (CLR) is a fungal infection which is devastating susceptible coffee plantations throughout the South American region in the last years. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of shade trees management and pruning in two coffee varieties against coffee leaf rust in the Peruvian Amazon. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with factorial scheme 2A×2B×4C with 16 treatments and four repetitions, making a total of 64 experimental units, in which each experimental unit had 16 coffee plants. The studied factors were agroforestry system (A), coffee varieties (B), and pruning methods (C). The data were statistically examined by analysis of variance and mean comparisons using Tukey test. It was found that plant growth was favored by the useInga shade and recepa pruning in Typica variety. Also, the use of polyculture-shaded coffee with about 40 % of shadow, and recepa (cutting the stem of the plant at 40 cm from the ground), reduce the incidence and severity of CLR in coffee plants. The incidence and severity of CLR was lower in the Typica variety as compared to Pache variety. This study confirms that a shadow management and pruning coffee plants stimulate the growth of new branches and reduce incidence and severity of CLR in coffee plantations.Campus Lima Centr

Does maturity level influence the use of agile UX methods by digital startups? Evaluating design thinking, lean startup, and lean user experience

Context: Agile UX methods such as Design Thinking, Lean Startup, and Lean User Experience have been employed to deliver customer value and improve organizational performance. However, there is a lack of studies that assess how these tools are used at different stages of maturity of digital startups. Objective: The present study aims to compare the knowledge of graduated, incubated, and pre-incubated digital startups at university incubators concerning the use of Agile UX methods so that weaknesses and opportunities can be identified to provide co founders and scholars with new strategic insights. Method: Six reduced focus groups were conducted with 14 members of the six selected startups via multiple case studies. Answers were registered by researchers and then analyzed using an inductive process and codification. Results: The results indicated that digital startups had contact with consumers through market research, viability analysis, and product discontinuity. However, except for one startup, deficiencies in co-founders’ participation throughout developing products and services projects were identified. As far as the multiple case studies are concerned, Design Thinking and Lean Startup were employed by four of the startups, while two of them used the Lean User Experience method due to its higher maturity level. Conclusion: Although all Agile UX methods were employed, all six digital startups reported having made adaptations to the methods or to have used them only partially. Finally, it was concluded that the maturity level influences the Agile UX methods of each digital startup according to its nature and its stage of development in the market.Campus Lima Centr

Scientometric study of treatment technologies of soil pollution: present and future challenges

There are few bibliometric studies showing current technologies and their combinations for the remediation of contaminated soils. For this reason, a scientometric study was carried out in order to know the trends in soil contamination treatment technologies. The study considered original articles and reviews published in the Scopus and Web of Science databases between January 2010 and June 2021, evaluating: (a) characteristics of the publications, (b) main research sources, (c) citations and production by journals, (d) keywords used, (e) countries, institutions and authors active in research production, (f) most cited articles and (g) trends in soil treatment and remediation techniques. The results showed: (a) continuous growth of publications on soil remediation in the “Environmental Science” subject area and a limited contribution of the “Soil Science” and “Agriculture and Biological Science” subject areas, (b) leadership of countries such as China, USA, India, Italy and Spain in research production, (c) phytoremediation, bioremediation and biodegradation were the most studied treatment technologies in the last decade and (d) recent research (from 2020) studied pesticides and herbicides, including Chlorimuron-ethyl and also microplastics and other emerging pollutants. It is also noted that the current trend of combinations of techniques for the treatment of soil contamination is attractive for future research.Campus San Juan de Luriganch

Economic feasibility assessment of microgrids with renewable energy sources in Peruvian rural areas

Electrifcation of Peru's rural areas is an issue of vital importance for economic growth. However, these areas still have poor quality electricity service or operate in a stand-alone mode with high cost of energy. To address this problem, one of the most promising strategies proposes the use of renewable energy technologies through the implementation of electrical microgrids (MGs). In this context, this research develops the analysis of 37 cases of rural villages throughout Peru in order to obtain the optimal MG design and the most feasible areas for its implementation, considering the associated costs, geographic location and load characteristics. For this purpose, an optimization process is carried out using HOMER Prosoftware with the aim of sizing the MG with the minimum net present cost and cost of energy. Then, an iterative process is developed in MATLAB software to map cost values, renewable contribution, emissions, the energy charge and the annual savings in the utility bill. This analysis considers fve scenarios base on a grid-connected MG (with sensitivity values of grid sellback price) and an of-grid MG system. The results show the geographic distribution of all the annual utility saving bill. For the grid-connected MG condition, it presents a proft in the range of $107.08 to$368.2 compared to loads connected to the grid; while for the of-grid MG condition, it presents a proft in the range of $1269 to$4976 in comparison with loads connected to a diesel generator.Campus Lima Nort

Comparación de los parámetros de resistencia al corte determinados por los ensayos geotécnicos de corte directo y triaxial en el suelo de la futura habilitación urbana Fundo Los Mangos en el distrito de Chiclayo, departamento de Lambayeque

La presente investigación buscó comparar los parámetros de resistencia al corte determinados por ensayos geotécnicos de corte directo y triaxial en el suelo de la futura habilitación urbana Fundo Los Mangos, distrito de Chiclayo, departamento de Lambayeque. Se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo descriptivo con un diseño no experimental pues no se realizó manipulación de los datos. Es así que se analizó el suelo para contenido de humedad, análisis de tamaño de partículas, límites de consistencia y sales solubles totales con el propósito de clasificar al suelo mediante la metodología SUCS, encontrando que se trata de una arcilla altamente plástica con sales inofensivas. A su vez, se ejecutaron pruebas triaxiales y de cortes directo, ambos de tipo no drenado - no consolidado bajo las mismas condiciones, donde se encontraron valores de cohesión por debajo de 0.240kg/cm2 y 21° en el caso del ángulo de fricción. Con esto, se concluye que la relación entre el parámetro de cohesión está determinada por Cct = 0.500 (Ccd) + 0.080, mientras que, para el parámetro de ángulo de fricción, la fórmula es la siguiente Oct = 0.414 (Ocd) + 13.414.Campus Chiclay

Technology in the educational processes of basic education in Peru

This research project aimed to give a perspective on the implementation of technologies in basic education in Peru. How the automation of basic education processes in Peru helps students, parents, teachers, and administrative staff to reduce time, to have better educational quality, and to obtain indicators for the teacher and student. The methodology of the research is a sequence of activities that allow us to design a framework for process technologies in basic education in Peru. Based on online surveys, it was possible to obtain information from people who want a change in the processes of education, such as: having more reach to information with the help of the internet for which mobile applications or web applications are needed, the delivery of evaluations and enrolment via online, taking advantage of technology for the benefit of the student and teachers, and other processes. The research has a qualitative approach. It is also descriptive in scope with the help of other studies or tests conducted. For the creation of this article, we used surveys, scientific journals, and our own experience as practitioners. If we want to improve education, it is necessary to improve educational processes with the help of technology and the internet.Campus Lima Centr

Potential use of coriander waste as fuel for the generation of electric power

The increase in the population and its need to produce food has caused the level of contamination by organic waste to increase exponentially in recent years. Innovative methods have been proposed for the use of this waste and thus to mitigate its impact. One of these is to use it as fuel in microbial fuel cells to generate electricity. This research aims to generate bioelectricity using coriander waste in microbial fuel cells. The maximum voltage and current observed were 0.882 ± 0.154 V and 2.287 ± 0.072 mA on the seventh and tenth day, respectively, these values were obtained working at an optimum operating pH of 3.9 ± 0.16 and with an electrical conductivity of 160.42 ± 4.54 mS/cm. The internal resistance observed in the cells was 75.581 ± 5.892 Ω, with a power density of 304.325 ± 16.51 mW/cm2 at 5.06 A/cm2 current density. While the intensity of the final FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) spectrum peaks decreased compared to the initial one, likewise, with a percentage of identity, it was possible to attribute 98.97, 99.39, and 100% to the species Alcaligenes faecalis, Alcaligenes faecali, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Finally, the cells were connected in series, managing to turn on an LED light (red) with the 2.61 V generated. This research provides an innovative and environmentally friendly way that companies and farmers can use to reuse their waste.Campus Trujill

Search and classify topics in a corpus of text using the latent dirichlet allocation model

This work aims at discovering topics in a text corpus and classifying the most relevant terms for each of the discovered topics. The process was performed in four steps: first, document extraction and data processing; second, labeling and training of the data; third, labeling of the unseen data; and fourth, evaluation of the model performance. For processing, a total of 10,322 "curriculum" documents related to data science were collected from the web during 2018-2022. The latent dirichlet allocation (LDA) model was used for the analysis and structure of the subjects. After processing, 12 themes were generated, which allowed ranking the most relevant terms to identify the skills of each of the candidates. This work concludes that candidates interested in data science must have skills in the following topics: first, they must be technical, they must have mastery of structured query language, mastery of programming languages such as R, Python, java, and data management, among other tools associated with the technology.Campus Lima Centr