11,799 research outputs found
Getting ahead, falling behind and standing still. Income mobility in Chile
This paper analyses household income mobility in Chile between 1996 and 2001. Compared to industrialized and most developing countries, mobility has been quite high. The purpose of this paper is to apply a binomial probit model and split analysis into assessment of individuals and households on the relative income distribution. Main results are that moving from unemployment to employment significantly increases probability of moving up and decreases probability of moving down. Technical-professional education is promoting move up on the relative income scale and it is protecting movement down. An important result is that high-school education decreases probability of degradation.Mobility, Poverty, Household structure, Chile
Mayorsâ Reelection Choice and the Economy: Evidence from Portugal
Using a data set that covers all Portuguese mainland municipalities for the period 1979-2005, this study performs an empirical analysis of the economic determinants of Mayors' choice to run for another term. The literature on the subject is mainly centered on the United States and, as far as we know, no papers are found addressing the economic factors of this choice. Probit panel estimations show that local economic conditions matter more than the national or regional economic environment. The results also confirm that political variables are important and that they influence the likelihood of seeking reelection in the same way as they affect vote and popularity functions.Local elections, Reelection, Mayor, Economic conditions, Probit model.
Enumeration of -Fibonacci Paths using Infinite Weighted Automata
In this paper, we introduce a new family of generalized colored Motzkin
paths, where horizontal steps are colored by means of colors, where
is the th -Fibonacci number. We study the enumeration of this
family according to the length. For this, we use infinite weighted automata.Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1310.244
Ătica y Libertad: La pars construens de la filosofĂa foucaultiana
We deal with the meaning of the ethical question in Foucault's thought. We find first that he makes two criticisms: (1) of the subject as a category, and (2) of the subject as the outcome of relations of power and knowledge. Such criticisms relate to the ethical question as its conditions of possibility. Then, we study the genealogy of this new dimension of ethics, analyzing its different historical configurations. This work shows that it is necessary to bring about an aesthetics of existence. This is tackled starting from a reworking of the pars construens of Foucault's philosophy, whose central aspect turns about ethics conceived as care for freedom.   El artĂculo aborda el sentido de la cuestiĂłn Ă©tica dentro del pensamiento de Foucault. En primer lugar, identificamos dos crĂticas dentro de su obra: al sujeto como categorĂa y al sujeto como producto de relaciones de poder y saber. Tales crĂticas operarĂan como condiciĂłn de posibilidad de la pregunta por la Ă©tica. Posteriormente, estudiamos la genealogĂa de esta nueva dimensiĂłn de lo Ă©tico, analizando sus diversas configuraciones histĂłricas. De dicho trabajo surge la necesidad de actualizar una estĂ©tica de la existencia. Esto Ășltimo se enfrenta a partir de una reelaboraciĂłn de lo que serĂa la pars construens de la filosofĂa foucaultiana, cuyo aspecto central reside en la propuesta de una Ă©tica como cuidado de la libertad. Â
FilĂłsofos y viajeros. El pensamiento como extravĂo
La filosofĂa se ha servido muchas veces del viaje como metĂĄfora de una idea y en ese juego simbĂłlico la cuestiĂłn del retorno ha sido algo insoslayable. QuizĂĄs la primera metĂĄfora de estas caracterĂsticas sea la alegorĂa platĂłnica de la caverna. En ella, el viaje representa el movimiento ascendente de la filosofĂa desde el fantasmagĂłrico mundo sensible hasta la contemplaciĂłn de las ideas puras en el mundo inteligible. Pero, como a menudo se olvida, dicha travesĂa no culmina en este punto. SĂłcrates debe regresar perentoriamente a las entrañas de la caverna y ello supone una excursiĂłn aĂșn mĂĄs peligrosa que la anterior. De este modo, PlatĂłn formula un problema decisivo para el saber filosĂłfico: el dilema Ă©tico-polĂtico del retorno a la caverna, asunto que interpela de un modo o de otro a toda la tradiciĂłn del pensamiento occidental. En este contexto, resulta posible identificar la existencia de una matriz platĂłnica, que entiende el viaje como un ascenso teĂłrico al reino de lo universal que culmina en el descenso y la imposiciĂłn de la idea como forma de dar orden a un territorio hostil y caĂłtico; y una matriz nietzscheana que concibe el viaje como una travesĂa aciaga y, a la vez, como una odisea jovial por una superficie lĂșdica y abismal que supone la disoluciĂłn de todo aquello que pueda llamarse ascenso o descenso. En este Ășltimo sentido, se explora la posibilidad de una filosofĂa sin retorno, es decir, de un pensamiento que en el viaje se entrega a una otredad irremediablemente inabarcable
Chemical and physical pretreatments of microalgal biomass
Non-axenic microalga Chlorella sorokiniana was cultivated in batch cultures, and its total sugar composition was determined. The microalga under study showed a total sugar concentration of 21.44â±â0.46% (w/w). The effects of freeze-drying, oven-drying, freezing and thawing, chemical and the combination of hydrothermal and chemical pretreatments were evaluated. In the combined pretreatment different concentrations of H2SO4 and reaction times were also optimized. It was possible to determine that the sugar extraction yields more significant were 59.5% for the lyophilization, 6.2% with 6 cycles of freeze and thawing and around 100% for 2 and 4% (v/v) of H2SO4 at 121 °C for 30 min. Some of the methods that were described in this study are interesting to facilitate cost-efficient conversion of microalgal biomass into biofuels.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Do campaigns matter (in new democracies)? Campaign interest, vote choice, and survey satisficing
[EN] Based on data from presidential campaigns and original data from gubernatorial campaigns in Mexico, this paper finds that the proportion of respondents who provide consistent answers to the vote intention questions during the same survey interview increases as the campaign unfolds and interest in the campaign grows. These voters are less likely to connect their vote choice with their political predispositions and have a disproportionate likelihood to change their vote choice throughout the campaign. This gives the impression that campaigns are more consequential than they are, when, in fact, vote shifts are a function of votersâ increased motivation to engage in a survey interview
Land Cover Change under Future Scenarios of Zero-deforestation Commitment Implementation in South America
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