El museo: Arte en un espacio proyectado

En este artículo reflexionamos sobre el aspecto multisensorial de la visita al museo. Abordando tanto la visita física, en la que la experiencia del arte ocurre en el contexto no única­mente de la obra, sino también, en el espacio proyectado que la rodea, preparando psicológi­camente al individuo a través de la promenade architecturale y la psicogeografía urbana; como la visita virtual, donde la atención se centra únicamente en la obra de arte y la simulación del entorno en el que se ubica. De este modo la realidad que el usuario recibe es sesgada, ya que lo percibido ha sido manipulado por diversos medios de captura, representación y comunicación antes de llegar a los sentidos. Durante el texto analizamos diversos casos que ejemplifican por­qué el espacio contextual forma un papel activo al experimentar una obra de arteIn this article we reflect on the multisensory aspect of the museum visit. Talking about the physical visit, in wich the experience of art occurs in the context, not only of the work, but also projected in the space that surrounds it, psychologically preparing the individual through the promenade architecturale and urban psychogeography; and also the virtual tour, where the focus is only on the artwork and the environment simulation in wich it is located. Thus the fact that the user receives is biased, since what is perceived has been manipulated by various means of capture, representation and communication before reaching the senses. In the text we analyze some cases that illustrate why the surrounding space takes an active role when experiencing an artwork

Draw your name Graphic representation techniques

Se propone una mejora educativa que se ha llevado a cabo en la asignatura de Didáctica de la Percepción y Expresión Plástica del grado de Maestro de Infantil de la Universitat Jaume I de Castellón. Puesto que el curso pasado hubo dificultades en el dibujo del natural en perspectiva cónica, la presente propuesta trata de facilitar, mediante la realización de una actividad práctica, la adquisición de los conocimientos teóricos acerca de los diferentes sistemas de representación.The article proposes an educational improvement that has been carried out in the subject of Didactics of Perception and Plastic Expression in the Teacher Training For Infant’s Education’s degree of the Universitat Jaume I from Castellón. Since in the last course there were difficulties making drawings from the natural using conical perspective, this proposal try to facilitate, through the implementation of a practival activity, the acquisition of the theorical knowledge about the different systems of representation

The thematic in the drawings of children with ASD. The human figure

Las tasas de prevalencia en el Trastorno del Espectro del Autismo (TEA) van en aumento, por lo que existe la necesidad de investigar acerca del mismo para mejorar en la comprensión de las características de las personas con autismo. Con lo que al ámbito de estudio de la educación artística se refiere, pocos estudios hay realizados que analicen aspectos del dibujo infantil en niños/as con TEA. Por ello, este artículo forma parte de un estudio de tesis doctoral, que analiza las características del dibujo infantil en niños/as con autismo. En el presente estudio se exponen los resultados obtenidos en relación a la temática infantil del dibujo espontáneo en niños/as con TEA.Prevalence rates in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are increasing, so there is a need to investigate about it to improve the understanding of the characteristics of people with autism. Thus the field of study of art education is concerned, there are few studies conducted to analyze aspects of the drawings of children with ASD. Therefore, this article is part of a study of PHD, which analyzes the characteristics of children's drawing with autism. In the present study we present the results obtained in relation to child theme of spontaneous drawing of children with ASD

El museo: arte en un espacio proyectado

En este artículo reflexionamos sobre el aspecto multisensorial de la visita al museo. Abordando tanto la visita física, en la que la experiencia del arte ocurre en el contexto no única'mente de la obra, sino también, en el espacio proyectado que la rodea, preparando psicológi'camente al individuo a través de la promenade architecturale y la psicogeografía urbana; como la visita virtual, donde la atención se centra únicamente en la obra de arte y la simulación del entorno en el que se ubica. De este modo la realidad que el usuario recibe es sesgada, ya que lo percibido ha sido manipulado por diversos medios de captura, representación y comunicación antes de llegar a los sentidos. Durante el texto analizamos diversos casos que ejemplifican por'qué el espacio contextual forma un papel activo al experimentar una obra de arte.; In this article we reflect on the multisensory aspect of the museum visit. Talking about the physical visit, in which the experience of art occurs in the context, not only of the work, but also projected in the space that surrounds it, psychologically preparing the individual through the promenade architecturale and urban psychogeography; and also the virtual tour, where the focus is only on the artwork and the environment simulation in which it is located. Thus the fact that the user receives is biased, since what is perceived has been manipulated by various means of capture, representation and communication before reaching the senses. In the text we analyze some cases that illustrate why the surrounding space takes an active role when experiencing an artwork

Environmental and human factors drive the subtropical marine forests of Gongolaria abies-marina to extinction

Large brown macroalgae are foundational threatened species in coastal ecosystems from the subtropical northeastern Atlantic, where they have exhibited a drastic decline in recent years. This study describes the potential habitat of Gongolaria abies-marina, its current distribution and conservation status, and the major drivers of population decline. The results show a strong reduction of more than 97% of G. abies-marina populations in the last thirty years and highlight the effects of drivers vary in terms of spatial heterogeneity. A decrease in the frequency of high waves and high human footprint are the principal factors accounting for the long-term decline in G. abies-marina populations. UV radiation and sea surface temperature have an important correlation only in certain locations. Both the methodology and the large amount of data analyzed in this study provide a valuable tool for the conservation and restoration of threatened macroalgae.En prensa1,95

Stern-Gerlach Experiment

This work is about modelling an experiment composed by multiple Stern- Gerlach devices using Membrane Computing. We will study the behaviour of a set of independent particles passing through three linked Stern-Gerlach devices and discarting the spin down particles after passing through the first one, taking profit of the Membrane Computing’s ability of running parallel processing. Using a cell-like model to describe the system and testing it using the P-lingua framework we have obtained the theorically predicted results when the number of initial multisets is high enough

Plasma extracellular vesicles reveal early molecular differences in amyloid positive patients with early-onset mild cognitive impairment

In the clinical course of Alzheimer's disease (AD) development, the dementia phase is commonly preceded by a prodromal AD phase, which is mainly characterized by reaching the highest levels of Aβ and p-tau-mediated neuronal injury and a mild cognitive impairment (MCI) clinical status. Because of that, most AD cases are diagnosed when neuronal damage is already established and irreversible. Therefore, a differential diagnosis of MCI causes in these prodromal stages is one of the greatest challenges for clinicians. Blood biomarkers are emerging as desirable tools for pre-screening purposes, but the current results are still being analyzed and much more data is needed to be implemented in clinical practice. Because of that, plasma extracellular vesicles (pEVs) are gaining popularity as a new source of biomarkers for the early stages of AD development. To identify an exosome proteomics signature linked to prodromal AD, we performed a cross-sectional study in a cohort of early-onset MCI (EOMCI) patients in which 184 biomarkers were measured in pEVs, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and plasma samples using multiplex PEA technology of Olink© proteomics. The obtained results showed that proteins measured in pEVs from EOMCI patients with established amyloidosis correlated with CSF p-tau181 levels, brain ventricle volume changes, brain hyperintensities, and MMSE scores. In addition, the correlations of pEVs proteins with different parameters distinguished between EOMCI Aβ( +) and Aβ(-) patients, whereas the CSF or plasma proteome did not. In conclusion, our findings suggest that pEVs may be able to provide information regarding the initial amyloidotic changes of AD. Circulating exosomes may acquire a pathological protein signature of AD before raw plasma, becoming potential biomarkers for identifying subjects at the earliest stages of AD development

Neuropsychiatric profiles and conversion to dementia in mild cognitive impairment, a latent class analysis

Altres ajuts: Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)Altres ajuts: Generalitat de Catalunya. Programa CERCAAltres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERSAM i CIBERNED)Altres ajuts: Fundació "La Caixa"Altres ajuts: Grífols SA (GR@ACE project)Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) have been recently addressed as risk factors of conversion to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementia types in patients diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). Our aim was to determine profiles based on the prominent NPS in MCI patients and to explore the predictive value of these profiles on conversion to specific types of dementia. A total of 2137 MCI patients monitored in a memory clinic were included in the study. Four NPS profiles emerged (classes), which were defined by preeminent symptoms: Irritability, Apathy, Anxiety/Depression and Asymptomatic. Irritability and Apathy were predictors of conversion to dementia (HR = 1.43 and 1.56, respectively). Anxiety/depression class showed no risk effect of conversion when compared to Asymptomatic class. Irritability class appeared as the most discriminant neuropsychiatric condition to identify non-AD converters (i.e., frontotemporal dementia, vascular dementia, Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy Bodies). The findings revealed that consistent subgroups of MCI patients could be identified among comorbid basal NPS. The preeminent NPS showed to behave differentially on conversion to dementia, beyond AD. Therefore, NPS should be used as early diagnosis facilitators, and should also guide clinicians to detect patients with different illness trajectories in the progression of MCI

Long runs of homozygosity are associated with Alzheimer's disease

Altres ajuts: The Genome Research at Fundació ACE project (GR@ACE) is supported by Fundación bancaria "La Caixa," Grifols SA and Fundació ACE. L.M.R. is supported by Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía (Grant PI-0001/2017).Long runs of homozygosity (ROH) are contiguous stretches of homozygous genotypes, which are a footprint of inbreeding and recessive inheritance. The presence of recessive loci is suggested for Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, their search has been poorly assessed to date. To investigate homozygosity in AD, here we performed a fine-scale ROH analysis using 10 independent cohorts of European ancestry (11,919 AD cases and 9181 controls.) We detected an increase of homozygosity in AD cases compared to controls [ β (CI 95%) = 0.070 (0.037-0.104); P = 3.91 × 10 −5 ; β (CI95%) = 0.043 (0.009-0.076); P = 0.013]. ROHs increasing the risk of AD (OR > 1) were significantly overrepresented compared to ROHs increasing protection (p < 2.20 × 10 −16). A significant ROH association with AD risk was detected upstream the HS3ST1 locus (chr4:11,189,482‒11,305,456), (β (CI 95%) = 1.09 (0.48 ‒ 1.48), p value = 9.03 × 10 −4), previously related to AD. Next, to search for recessive candidate variants in ROHs, we constructed a homozygosity map of inbred AD cases extracted from an outbred population and explored ROH regions in whole-exome sequencing data (N = 1449). We detected a candidate marker, rs117458494, mapped in the SPON1 locus, which has been previously associated with amyloid metabolism. Here, we provide a research framework to look for recessive variants in AD using outbred populations. Our results showed that AD cases have enriched homozygosity, suggesting that recessive effects may explain a proportion of AD heritability

Mendelian Randomisation Confirms the Role of Y-Chromosome Loss in Alzheimer’s Disease Aetiopathogenesis in Men

Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (mLOY) is a common ageing-related somatic event and has been previously associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, mLOY estimation from genotype microarray data only reflects the mLOY degree of subjects at the moment of DNA sampling. Therefore, mLOY phenotype associations with AD can be severely age-confounded in the context of genome-wide association studies. Here, we applied Mendelian randomisation to construct an age-independent mLOY polygenic risk score (mloy-PRS) using 114 autosomal variants. The mloy-PRS instrument was associated with an 80% increase in mLOY risk per standard deviation unit (p = 4.22 × 10−20) and was orthogonal with age. We found that a higher genetic risk for mLOY was associated with faster progression to AD in men with mild cognitive impairment (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.23, p = 0.01). Importantly, mloy-PRS had no effect on AD conversion or risk in the female group, suggesting that these associations are caused by the inherent loss of the Y chromosome. Additionally, the blood mLOY phenotype in men was associated with increased cerebrospinal fluid levels of total tau and phosphorylated tau181 in subjects with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Our results strongly suggest that mLOY is involved in AD pathogenesis.P.G.-G. (Pablo García-González) is supported by CIBERNED employment plan CNV-304-PRF-866. CIBERNED is integrated into ISCIII (Instituto de Salud Carlos III). I.d.R is supported by a national grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III FI20/00215. A.C. (Amanda Cano) acknowledges the support of the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation, and Universities under the grant Juan de la Cierva (FJC2018-036012-I). M.B. (Mercé Boada) and A.R. (Agustín Ruiz) are also supported by national grants PI13/02434, PI16/01861, PI17/01474, PI19/01240, and PI19/01301. The Genome Research @ Fundació ACE project (GR@ACE) is supported by Grifols SA, Fundación bancaria “La Caixa”, Fundació ACE, and CIBERNED. Acción Estratégica en Salud is integrated into the Spanish National R + D + I Plan and funded by ISCIII (Instituto de Salud Carlos III)—Subdirección General de Evaluación—and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER—“Una manera de hacer Europa”). Genotyping of the ACE MCI-EADB samples was performed in the context of EADB (European Alzheimer DNA biobank) funded by the JPco-fuND FP-829-029 (ZonMW project number 733051061). This work was supported by a grant (European Alzheimer DNA BioBank, EADB) from the EU Joint Program—Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND). Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag