12 research outputs found
Distribution and dynamics of populations of the most important groups pollinators in the agro-ecosystems of Vojvodina
U radu je prikazana distribucija, dinamika i diverzitet insekata oprašivača iz reda Hymenoptera - Apiformes (Anthophila) i Diptera Syrphidae) na stepskim fragmentima i na suncokretu u agroekosistema Vojvodine. U cilju uvida u strukturu predela injenog uticaja na sastav i brojnost polinatora, kartirani su tipovistaništa oko svakog stepskog fragmenta. Na osnovu podataka dobijenih kartiranjem, odabrano je sedam stepskih fragmenata kojiu svom okruženju imaju visok udeo suncokreta kao masovnocvetajuće kulture i sedam stepskih fragmenata koji su bez ili saniskim udelom suncokreta. Iz reda Hymenoptera – Apoideazabeleženo je šest familija: Andrenidae, Apidae, Colletidae,Halictidae, Melittidae i Megachilidae, 114 vrsta, a iz reda Diptera(Syrphidae), registrovano je ukupno 11 vrsta. Predstavnici familija Andrenidae, Apidae i Halictidae su distribuirani na svim lokalitetima,predstavnici familije Megachilidae su distribuirani na 15 od 16lokaliteta, a najmanje su zastupljene jedinke familija Colletidae i Melittidae, distribuirane na pet lokaliteta. Polinatori reda Diptera familije Syrphidae su distribuirani na svim lokalitetima. Rezultati Kruskal-Volisovog H testa ukuzuju da je tokom sve tri sezone (2011.,2012., 2013.) na stepskim fragmentima najviše bilo zastupljeno vrsta solitarnih pčela, zatim vrsta osolikih muva, a najmanje vrsta bumbara. Istim testom je dobijano da je tokom sve tri sezone na stepskim fragmentima, registrovano najviše jedinki osolikih muva, zatim medonosne pčele, solitarne pčele, a najmanje jedinki bumbara. Fridmanovim testom su utvrđene razlike u brojnosti (dinamici) polinatora kroz sezone, uočen je porast broja jedinki medonosne pčele i opadanje broja jedinki solitarnih pčela.Rezultati dobijeni Man-Vitnijevim U-testom pokazuju da je na stepskim fragmentima koji imaju niži udeo suncokreta u predelu zastupljeno više jedinki i vrsta bumbara. Istim testom je dobijen rezultat da je na stepskim fragmentima sa visokim udelom suncokreta ima više jedinki medonosne pčele. Vilkoksonovim testom sume rangova je pokazano da su jedinke i vrste bumbara zastupljenije na stepskim fragmentima nakon cvetanja suncokreta, za vreme cvetanja suncokreta na stepskim fragmentima je registrovano više jedinki Apis mellifera, osolikih muva i solitarnih pčela. Modeli regresionih analiza linearnih mešovitih modela su pokazali da se sa porastom udela suncokreta u predelu smanjuje broj jedinki divljih pčela i jedinki i vrsta bumbara. Sa porastom udela polu-prirodnih staništa u predelu i većom cvetnom pokrovnosti, povećava se udeo jedinki i vrsta osolikih muva.This paper shows distribution, dynamic and pollinator diversity Hymenoptera - Apiformes (Anthophila) and Diptera (Syrphidae) in semi-natural habitats and in sunflower crops in Vojvodina agroecosystems. Around each of 16 selected steppe fragments, habitat types were mapped to test how do landscape structure affects pollinator diversity and abundance in semi natural habitats and in sunflower crops. Based on the results obtained by mapping, seven study sites with high % of sunflower like mass flowering crops, and eight study sites with no or low % of mass flowering crops are selected. In total, there were 114 species from 6 families from order Hymenoptera-Apiformes: Andrenidae, Apidae, Colletidae, Halictidae, Melittidae and Megachilidae, and 11 species from order Diptera (Syrphidae). Insects from families: Andrenidae, Apidae, Colletidae and Halictidae were distributed on all study sites, while insects from family Megachilidae were distributed almost on all study sites (15 sites). At least only on five study sites were distributed insects from family: Colletidae and Melittidae. Hoverflies were distributed on all study sites. Kruskal-Wallis H test shows that an all three seasons (2011., 2012., 2013.) in semi natural habitats wild bees species were most abundant, followed by hoverfly species, and bumblebee species at the end. Same test shows that in all three seasons in semi natural habitats individuals of hoverflies were more abundant than individuals of honey bees, wild bees and individuals of bumblebees, which were least abundant. Friedman test shows differences in densities of pollinator through the seasons, and these results shows increasing in Apis mellifera densities and decline of wild bees densities through seasons. Man-Whitney U-test shows that there were more species and individuals of bumble bees in semi-natural habitats which landscapes are without or low % of sunflower. Same test shows that there were more individuals of honey bees in semi-natural habitats which landscapes have high % of sunflower. Wilcoxon signed-rank test shows that in semi-natural habitats species and individuals of bumblebees were more abundant after blooming sunflower, while species and individuals of wild bees as well as individuals of hoverflies and Apis mellifera were more abundant during blooming sunflower. Linear mixed-effect model shows that with increase of % of sunflower in landscape number of individuals of wild bees and species and individuals of bumblebees decreasing, and individuals of hoverflies increasing. With an increase of % of semi natural habitats and increase of flower cover, abundance and species of hoverflies increases
Mass-flowering crops dilute pollinator abundance in agricultural landscapes across Europe
Mass-flowering crops (MFCs) are increasingly cultivated and might influence pollinator communities in MFC fields and nearby semi-natural habitats (SNHs). Across six European regions and 2 years, we assessed how landscape-scale cover of MFCs affected pollinator densities in 408 MFC fields and adjacent SNHs. In MFC fields, densities of bumblebees, solitary bees, managed honeybees and hoverflies were negatively related to the cover of MFCs in the landscape. In SNHs, densities of bumblebees declined with increasing cover of MFCs but densities of honeybees increased. The densities of all pollinators were generally unrelated to the cover of SNHs in the landscape. Although MFC fields apparently attracted pollinators from SNHs, in landscapes with large areas of MFCs they became diluted. The resulting lower densities might negatively affect yields of pollinator-dependent crops and the reproductive success of wild plants. An expansion of MFCs needs to be accompanied by pollinator-supporting practices in agricultural landscapes
Forest changes due to human activities in the National Park "Fruška Gora” (Serbia): Ecological and economic indicators
Forest ecosystems are the source of multiple goods and services to humans, the provision of which is deemed to be conditioned by biodiversity. If so, the value of biodiversity has to become apparent to society and, especially, decision makers. The aim of this study was to demonstrate this value. Biodiversity changes were investigated along different stages of forest disturbance in the National Park "Fruška Gora". Both quantitative (structural diversity, species diversity) and qualitative aspects (functional traits of species) have been observed. Parallel analysis of the provision level of certain forest products, resulting from the given forest state, was performed and monetarily expressed. The results indicate that biodiversity lowers with higher disturbance. Moreover, benefits accrue with higher biodiversity. The approach also proved useful in estimating the ecosystem’s ability to maintain its functionality; however, further exploration of these links will be needed. This is necessary in future work if biodiversity conservation incentives are to be created
Contribution to the knowledge of the bee fauna (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Anthophila) in Serbia
The current work represents summarised data on the bee fauna in Serbia from previous publications, collections, and field data in the period from 1890 to 2020. A total of 706 species from all six of the globally widespread bee families is recorded; of the total number of recorded species, 314 have been confirmed by determination, while 392 species are from published data. Fourteen species, collected in the last three years, are the first published records of these taxa from Serbia: Andrena barbareae (Panzer, 1805), A. clarkella (Kirby, 1802), A. fulvicornis (Schenck, 1853), A. intermedia (Thomson, 1870), A. lapponica (Zetterstedt, 1838), A. pandellei (Pérez, 1895), A. paucisquama (Noskiewicz, 1924), A. simillima (Smith, 1851), Panurginus herzi (Morawitz, 1892), Epeoloides coecutiens (Fabricius, 1775), Nomada leucophthalma (Kirby, 1802), Chelostoma nasutum (Pérez, 1895), Hoplitis claviventris (Thomson, 1872), and Dasypoda pyrotrichia (Förster, 1855). Almost all the species recorded so far in Serbia belong to the West-Palaearctic biogeographical region, except Megachile sculpturalis (Smith, 1853), which is an alien invasive species native to East Asia. According to the European Red List of bees, 221 species listed in this paper were assessed as Data Deficient; threatened species mostly belong to the families Apidae with 13 species, Colletidae with eight species, and Halictidae with five species. This study contributes to the knowledge of the distribution of bee species in Europe. The present work provides a baseline for future research of wild bee diversity in Serbia and neighbouring regions at the local and regional levels, and a basis for their conservation
Contribution to the knowledge of the bee fauna (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Anthophila) in Serbia
The current work represents summarised data on the bee fauna in Serbia from previous publications, collections, and field data in the period from 1890 to 2020. A total of 706 species from all six of the globally widespread bee families is recorded; of the total number of recorded species, 314 have been confirmed by determination, while 392 species are from published data. Fourteen species, collected in the last three years, are the first published records of these taxa from Serbia: Andrena barbareae (Panzer, 1805), A. clarkella (Kirby, 1802), A. fulvicornis (Schenck, 1853), A. intermedia (Thomson, 1870), A. lapponica (Zetterstedt, 1838), A. pandellei (Pérez, 1895), A. paucisquama (Noskiewicz, 1924), A. simillima (Smith, 1851), Panurginus herzi (Morawitz, 1892), Epeoloides coecutiens (Fabricius, 1775), Nomada leucophthalma (Kirby, 1802), Chelostoma nasutum (Pérez, 1895), Hoplitis claviventris (Thomson, 1872), and Dasypoda pyrotrichia (Förster, 1855). Almost all the species recorded so far in Serbia belong to the West-Palaearctic biogeographical region, except Megachile sculpturalis (Smith, 1853), which is an alien invasive species native to East Asia. According to the European Red List of bees, 221 species listed in this paper were assessed as Data Deficient; threatened species mostly belong to the families Apidae with 13 species, Colletidae with eight species, and Halictidae with five species. This study contributes to the knowledge of the distribution of bee species in Europe. The present work provides a baseline for future research of wild bee diversity in Serbia and neighbouring regions at the local and regional levels, and a basis for their conservation
New records for the wild bee fauna (Hymenoptera, Anthophila) of Serbia
Numerous scientific projects have been initiated with the aim of tackling the decline in insect pollinators, a crucial group for the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. One of the first steps is to address information gaps on species spatial distribution, diversity, and abundance that prevent effective conservation actions in Europe. Given that Serbia belongs to the understudied areas, efforts are being made to improve knowledge of its bee diversity and abundance. The present study includes the monitoring of bees at 54 sites, surveyed three times during 2022. The conducted protocol combined two methods, transect walks and pan traps, resulting in the discovery of 312 bee species. The main results present the records of 25 species, not previously mentioned in Serbia, while another important finding is the confirmation of the presence of 26 species, without any available records from the 21st century. Moreover, 79 here examined species were known only from literature-based data. Six of the recorded species are considered threatened and 67 (10 newly recorded) have been assessed as Data Deficient in the European Red List of Bees. Therefore, the present study not only contributes to an update and confirms the list of bee species in Serbia, that now counts 731 species, but also provides additional information about European distribution, required for new assessment at the European level. In addition, the results indicate that the combination of complementary sampling methods is an effective way to assess bee diversity and abundance
Forest and grassland habitats support pollinator diversity more than wildflowers and sunflower monoculture
Intensively managed agricultural landscapes often lack suitable habitats to support diverse wildlife, particularly harming pollinator communities. Besides mass flowering crops, remnant patches of natural and semi-natural vegetation may play a key role in maintaining and conserving biodiversity. Yet, the effects of different natural habitats, including forests and grasslands, on different pollinator communities are poorly understood at the landscape scale.
We examined the abundance, richness, and diversity of wild bees and hoverflies, two key pollinator groups, across a land-use gradient spanning forest edges, grassland, wildflower strips, and sunflower monoculture. We also examined the distribution of hoverfly larvae trophic guilds and wild bee nesting traits across the above-mentioned land-use gradient. Finally, we evaluated the impact of landscape structure (forest, grassland, and water cover in the surrounding landscape) on pollinator community composition.
Our results indicate that forest and grassland habitats supported a higher abundance and greater richness of pollinators than wildflower strips and sunflower monocultures. Furthermore, hoverflies were more sensitive to habitat and floristic homogenization than wild bees. Sunflower and wildflower habitats also hosted a lower diversity of larvae trophic guilds and wild bee nesting guilds as compared to forests and grasslands.
Our study suggests that conserving and restoring forest and grassland habitats within agricultural mosaics may serve as the main ‘refuge’ for wild pollinators
Exploring the effects of habitat management on grassland biodiversity: A case study from northern Serbia.
Grasslands represent a biodiversity hotspot in the European agricultural landscape, their restoration is necessary and offers a great opportunity to mitigate or halt harmful processes. These measures require a comprehensive knowledge of historical landscape changes, but also adequate management strategies. The required data was gathered from the sand grasslands of northern Serbia, as this habitat is of high conservation priority. This area also has a long history of different habitat management approaches (grazing and mowing versus unmanaged), which has been documented over of the last two decades. This dataset enabled us to quantify the effects of different measures across multiple taxa (plants, insect pollinators, and birds). We linked the gathered data on plants, pollinators, and birds with habitat management measures. Our results show that, at the taxon level, the adopted management strategies were beneficial for species richness, abundance, and composition, as the highest diversity of plant, insect pollinator, and bird species was found in managed areas. Thus, an innovative modelling approach was adopted in this work to identify and explain the effects of management practices on changes in habitat communities. The findings yielded can be used in the decision making as well as development of new management programmes. We thus posit that, when restoring and establishing particular communities, priority needs to be given to species with a broad ecological response. We recommend using the decision tree as a suitable machine learning model for this purpose
Data from: Mass-flowering crops dilute pollinator abundance in agricultural landscapes across Europe
Mass-flowering crops (MFCs) are increasingly cultivated and might influence pollinator communities in MFC fields and nearby semi-natural habitats (SNHs). Across six European regions and 2 years, we assessed how landscape-scale cover of MFCs affected pollinator densities in 408 MFC fields and adjacent SNHs. In MFC fields, densities of bumblebees, solitary bees, managed honeybees and hoverflies were negatively related to the cover of MFCs in the landscape. In SNHs, densities of bumblebees declined with increasing cover of MFCs but densities of honeybees increased. The densities of all pollinators were generally unrelated to the cover of SNHs in the landscape. Although MFC fields apparently attracted pollinators from SNHs, in landscapes with large areas of MFCs they became diluted. The resulting lower densities might negatively affect yields of pollinator-dependent crops and the reproductive success of wild plants. An expansion of MFCs needs to be accompanied by pollinator-supporting practices in agricultural landscapes
Holzschuh_etal_2016_EcolLett
The file contains all data used in the analyses of this paper