An Approach for identifying Crops Types using UAV Images in the Ecuadorian Sierra

Spectral signature analysis allows identification of the different types of terrestrial objects and characterizes behaviour of different kinds of vegetation. In Ecuador usually phenological analysis (state of vegetal growing) and crop type are based on acquired manually information. This does not allow taking agile decisions over crops management. The advantages for using UAV images propose a significant change to the current methodologies. This paper presented a correlation study of crop spectral signature using multispectral images from a UAV. Ecuadorian Sierra was the study zone to differentiate the types of crops in an agricultural field. The Inception algorithm of Tensorflow was chosen to generate a crop layer and to predict the crop type with the closest possible approximation from an image

Modelación matemática de la hylocereus undatus (Haworth) D.R. Hunt (pitahaya) para el aprovechamiento agroindustrial en el Ecuador

Introduction. The horticultural products of the Ecuadorian Amazon, the technological changes, the current transformations, and the demands of the national and international market, are attributed to a productive dynamic to the CODEX STAN 237-2003 regulations. And it focuses on mathematical modeling to solve the problems of industrial use that lead to commerce. Objective. Develop the mathematical modeling based on parameters of volume, density, weight of its main components of the whole exotic fruit with its categorization of the Hylocereus undatus (Haworth) D.R. Game (pitahaya). Methodology was implemented in the two cantons Pastaza and Province, Canton Palora of the province of Morona Santiago, considering its productive potential and the Codex Alimentarius and Colombian I CONTEC Standards. The application was according to the categorization, for the integral calculation with balances of masses, volume and density through statistical analysis obtained. Results. The mathematical model was based on its extra, first, second and residue categories of volume and mass, obtaining the means and the coefficient of variation of 6.05% and with a reliability margin of 99% and with an adjusted R2 of 98%. Achieving the obtaining of nine mathematical formulas with all their constants (25 – 35), and with a high reliability of 99%, for its industrial use of this raw material, by producers, merchants, industrialists, and students interested in this Research developed in the Ecuadorian Amazon.Introducción. Los productos hortofrutícolas de la amazonia ecuatoriana, los cambios, tecnológicos, las transformaciones actuales y las exigencias del mercado nacional e internacional, atribuyen a una dinámica productiva a la normativa del CODEX STAN 237-2003. Y se enfoca en la modelación matemática para resolver los problemas del aprovechamiento industrial que acarrean en el comercio. El Objetivo. Desarrollar la modelación matemática basado en parámetros de volumen, densidad, peso de sus componentes principales de la fruta exótica entera con su categorización de la Hylocereus undatus (Haworth) D.R. Hunt (pitahaya). Metodología se desarrolló en los dos cantones Pastaza y Provincia, Cantón Palora de la provincia de Morona Santiago, considerando su potencial productivo y las Normas del Codex Alimentario y Colombiana I CONTEC. La aplicación fue según la categorización, para el cálculo integral con balances de masas, volumen y densidad mediante análisis estadístico obtenido. Resultados. El modelo matemático fue en base a sus categorías extra, primera, segunda y residuo de volumen y masa, obteniendo las medias y el coeficiente de variación del 6.05% y con un margen confiabilidad del 99 % y con R2 ajustado del 98%. Logrando la obtención de nueve fórmulas matemáticas con todas sus constantes (25 – 35), y con una alta confiabilidad del 99%, para su aprovechamiento industrial de esta materia prima, por parte de productores, comerciantes e industriales y estudiantes interesado en esta investigación desarrollada en la amazonia ecuatoriana.&nbsp

Serological response and breakthrough infection after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with cirrhosis and post-liver transplant

Background: Vaccine hesitancy and lack of access remain major issues in disseminating COVID-19 vaccination to liver patients globally. Factors predicting poor response to vaccination and risk of breakthrough infection are important data to target booster vaccine programs. The primary aim of the current study was to measure humoral responses to 2 doses of COVID-19 vaccine. Secondary aims included the determination of factors predicting breakthrough infection.Methods: COVID-19 vaccination and Biomarkers in cirrhosis And post-Liver Transplantation is a prospective, multicenter, observational case-control study. Participants were recruited at 4–10 weeks following first and second vaccine doses in cirrhosis [n = 325; 94% messenger RNA (mRNA) and 6% viral vaccine], autoimmune liver disease (AILD) (n = 120; 77% mRNA and 23% viral vaccine), post-liver transplant (LT) (n = 146; 96% mRNA and 3% viral vaccine), and healthy controls (n = 51; 72% mRNA, 24% viral and 4% heterologous combination). Serological end points were measured, and data regarding breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection were collected.Results: After adjusting by age, sex, and time of sample collection, anti-Spike IgG levels were the lowest in post-LT patients compared to cirrhosis (p < 0.0001), AILD (p < 0.0001), and control (p = 0.002). Factors predicting reduced responses included older age, Child-Turcotte-Pugh B/C, and elevated IL-6 in cirrhosis; non-mRNA vaccine in AILD; and coronary artery disease, use of mycophenolate and dysregulated B-call activating factor, and lymphotoxin-α levels in LT. Incident infection occurred in 6.6%, 10.6%, 7.4%, and 15.6% of cirrhosis, AILD, post-LT, and control, respectively. The only independent factor predicting infection in cirrhosis was low albumin level.Conclusions: LT patients present the lowest response to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. In cirrhosis, the reduced response is associated with older age, stage of liver disease and systemic inflammation, and breakthrough infection with low albumin level

Association of vision impairment and blindness with socioeconomic status in adults 50 years and older from Alto Amazonas, Peru.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and visual impairment (VI) or blindness in the rural Peruvian Amazon, hypothesizing that higher SES would have a protective effect on the odds of VI or blindness. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study of 16 rural communities in the Peruvian Amazon, consenting adults aged ≥ 50 years were recruited from ~30 randomly selected households per village. Each household was administered a questionnaire and had a SES score constructed using principal components analysis. Blindness and VI were determined using a ministry of health 3-meter visual acuity card. RESULTS: Overall, 207 adults aged ≥ 50 were eligible; 146 (70.5%) completed visual acuity screening and answered the questionnaire. Of those 146 participants who completed presenting visual acuity screening, 57 (39.0%, 95% CI 30.2-47.1) were classified as visually impaired and 6 (4.1%, 95% CI 0.9-7.3) as blind. Belonging to the highest SES tercile had a protective effect on VI or blindness (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.91, p = 0.034), with a linear trend across decreasing levels of SES (p = 0.019). This observed effect remained significant regardless of how SES groups were assigned. CONCLUSION: Belonging to a higher SES group resulted in a lower odds of VI or blindness compared to those in the lowest SES group. The observation of a dose response provides confidence in the observed association, but causality remains unclear. Blindness prevention programs could maximize impact by designing activities that specifically target people with lower SES

Serological response and breakthrough infection after COVID-19 vaccination in patients with cirrhosis and post-liver transplant

BACKGROUND: Vaccine hesitancy and lack of access remain major issues in disseminating COVID-19 vaccination to liver patients globally. Factors predicting poor response to vaccination and risk of breakthrough infection are important data to target booster vaccine programs. The primary aim of the current study was to measure humoral responses to 2 doses of COVID-19 vaccine. Secondary aims included the determination of factors predicting breakthrough infection. METHODS: COVID-19 vaccination and Biomarkers in cirrhosis And post-Liver Transplantation is a prospective, multicenter, observational case-control study. Participants were recruited at 4-10 weeks following first and second vaccine doses in cirrhosis [n = 325; 94% messenger RNA (mRNA) and 6% viral vaccine], autoimmune liver disease (AILD) (n = 120; 77% mRNA and 23% viral vaccine), post-liver transplant (LT) (n = 146; 96% mRNA and 3% viral vaccine), and healthy controls (n = 51; 72% mRNA, 24% viral and 4% heterologous combination). Serological end points were measured, and data regarding breakthrough SARS-CoV-2 infection were collected. RESULTS: After adjusting by age, sex, and time of sample collection, anti-Spike IgG levels were the lowest in post-LT patients compared to cirrhosis (p < 0.0001), AILD (p < 0.0001), and control (p = 0.002). Factors predicting reduced responses included older age, Child-Turcotte-Pugh B/C, and elevated IL-6 in cirrhosis; non-mRNA vaccine in AILD; and coronary artery disease, use of mycophenolate and dysregulated B-call activating factor, and lymphotoxin-α levels in LT. Incident infection occurred in 6.6%, 10.6%, 7.4%, and 15.6% of cirrhosis, AILD, post-LT, and control, respectively. The only independent factor predicting infection in cirrhosis was low albumin level. CONCLUSIONS: LT patients present the lowest response to the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. In cirrhosis, the reduced response is associated with older age, stage of liver disease and systemic inflammation, and breakthrough infection with low albumin level

The clinical relevance of oliguria in the critically ill patient : Analysis of a large observational database

Funding Information: Marc Leone reports receiving consulting fees from Amomed and Aguettant; lecture fees from MSD, Pfizer, Octapharma, 3 M, Aspen, Orion; travel support from LFB; and grant support from PHRC IR and his institution. JLV is the Editor-in-Chief of Critical Care. The other authors declare that they have no relevant financial interests. Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Urine output is widely used as one of the criteria for the diagnosis and staging of acute renal failure, but few studies have specifically assessed the role of oliguria as a marker of acute renal failure or outcomes in general intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Using a large multinational database, we therefore evaluated the occurrence of oliguria (defined as a urine output 16 years) patients in the ICON audit who had a urine output measurement on the day of admission were included. To investigate the association between oliguria and mortality, we used a multilevel analysis. Results: Of the 8292 patients included, 2050 (24.7%) were oliguric during the first 24 h of admission. Patients with oliguria on admission who had at least one additional 24-h urine output recorded during their ICU stay (n = 1349) were divided into three groups: transient - oliguria resolved within 48 h after the admission day (n = 390 [28.9%]), prolonged - oliguria resolved > 48 h after the admission day (n = 141 [10.5%]), and permanent - oliguria persisting for the whole ICU stay or again present at the end of the ICU stay (n = 818 [60.6%]). ICU and hospital mortality rates were higher in patients with oliguria than in those without, except for patients with transient oliguria who had significantly lower mortality rates than non-oliguric patients. In multilevel analysis, the need for RRT was associated with a significantly higher risk of death (OR = 1.51 [95% CI 1.19-1.91], p = 0.001), but the presence of oliguria on admission was not (OR = 1.14 [95% CI 0.97-1.34], p = 0.103). Conclusions: Oliguria is common in ICU patients and may have a relatively benign nature if only transient. The duration of oliguria and need for RRT are associated with worse outcome.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Consideraciones en torno a la Collectio Vocum Atticarum de Manuel Moscopulo

A study on the life and works of Moscopoulos, especially on his Collectio Vocum Atticarum.No disponible

Análisis de la gestión financiera del Gobierno Municipal de Pablo Sexto

Contenido: Reseña histórica. Ubicación, límites y extensión. División político administrativa. Análisis situacional. Valores del Municipio de Pablo Sexto. Objetivos. Definición y conceptualización. Indicadores de evaluación. Análisis financiero. Evaluación de la gestión. Análisis y evaluación de indicadores. Presupuestarios, de gestión y sociales. Análisis y evaluación de gestión y sociale

El proceso penal ecuatoriano

Doctor en Jurisprudencia y Abogado de los Tribunales de Justicia de la RepúblicaCuenc