159 research outputs found
Diffusion Coefficients of Fluorinated Surfactants in Water:
Intradiffusion coefficients of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol in water have been
measured by the pulsed field gradient (PFG)-NMR spin−echo technique as a
function of temperature and composition on the dilute alcohol region. The
measurements extend the range of compositions already studied in the literature and,
for the first time, include the study of the temperature dependence. At the same time,
intradiffusion coefficients of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropan-1-ol,
and 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutan-1-ol in water were obtained by computer
simulation (molecular dynamics) as a function of composition and temperature.
The intradiffusion coefficients of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol in water obtained by
simulation agree with the experimental results, while those of 2,2,3,3,3-
pentafluoropropan-1-ol and 2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutan-1-ol are the first estimation
of this property for those systems. The molecular dynamics simulations were also
used to calculate the intradiffusion coefficients of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid and
perfluorooctanoic acid in water at infinite dilution as a function of temperature, which are very difficult to obtain experimentally
because of the very low solubility of these substances. From the dependence of the intradiffusion coefficients on temperature,
diffusion activation energies were estimated for all the solutes in water
Fluorinated surfactants in solution: Diffusion coefficients of fluorinated alcohols in water
Intra-diffusion coefficients of three
fluorinated alcohols, 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropan-1-ol (PFP),
2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutan-1-ol (HFB) and 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoropentan-1-ol (NFP) in water
have been measured by the PFG–NMR spin-echo technique as a function of temperature and
composition, focusing on the alcohol dilute region. For comparison, intra-diffusion coefficients of 2,2,2-
trifluoroethanol (TFE) and HFB have also been measured in heavy water using the same method and
conditions. As far as we know, these are the
first experimental measurements of this property for these
binary systems. Intra-diffusion coefficients for NFP in water and for TFE and HFB in heavy water have also
been obtained by molecular dynamics simulation, complementing those for TFE, PFP and HFB reported in
a previous work. The agreement between experimental and simulated results for PFP, HFB and NFP in
water is reasonable, although presenting higher deviations than for the TFE/water system. From the
dependence of the intra-diffusion coefficients on temperature, diffusion activation energies were
estimated for all the solutes in water and heavy water
Report of the 11th Liaison Meeting
The 11thLiaison Meeting between the Chairs of the RCMs, the ICES PGCCDBS,
PGMED and PGECON, the STECF EWGs on the DCF, the Regional Database Steering
Committees, the ICES and GFCM representatives and the European Commission was
held at the DG Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, Brussels from 8th to 9th October 2014. The 11th Liaison meeting was held in Brussels on 8th and 9th October 2014 to address the
following terms of reference:
TOR 1. Discussion on possible follow-‐‑up to the main outputs/recommendations of:
• The 2014 RCMs and to the sp ecific re commenda tions a ddr e sse d to th e Liaison
Meeting
• P G ECO N , PG CCDBS, PG Med – ou tcome s an d r e commendation s fr om the ir
2014 meeting
• STECF EWG and STEC F Plen ary -‐‑ ou tcome s a n d r e commendation s fr om the ir
2014 meeting
• Data end-‐‑ users (IC ES, G F C M, RC Ms)
TOR 2. Compilation of recommendations on the DCF
A compilation of DCF recommendations will be established by the COM by end 2014.
LM needs to agree on which recommendations should be included (i.e. from which
bodies) & covering which years.
TOR 3. Regional cooperation
• G r ants for str eng thene d reg ion al coop eration
• R e g ional da ta b ases
o O ver view of use of the Reg ional Datab ases for R CMs in 2014, and p rob lems
identified
o O ther deve lop ments (RDB training s in 2014, RDB Med&BS develop ment)
o Chang es for the fu tu re – an y re commen da tions from th e LM?
• R C M data calls – ove rview of h ow MS r esp onde d.
TOR 4. Recommended meetings/workshops
• P r ep a r e a list of r ecommen ded me etin g s for 2015 as g u idance for MS
TOR 5. Studies
• O ver view of p rocess
• LM comme nts and p r ioritization of studies p r op osed b y RC Ms, PG ECO N , ICES,
GFCM
TOR 6. AOB
1. The DCF website has been revamped by the JRC. Any comments on this?
2. Access to the RCM SharePoint
3. Derogations – List of derogations by Member State has been prepared by DG
MARE. Have any RCMs updated this?
4. ICES will provide an update on their plans to re-‐‑evaluate surveys. Should this
be followed by STECF work on surveys to be included in future EU MAP?
5. Annual reports – simplification: presentation of process. 6. Data transmission:
a. new platform for information exchanges between COM, MS and end-‐‑
users
b. new tool for reporting on how MS complied with the DG MARE/JRC
data calls
In addition to the above Terms of Reference, an item was added at the start of the
meeting, regarding the implication of the Landing Obligation on data collection and
the Discard Plans.
Follow-up after radiological intervention in oncology: ECIO-ESOI evidence and consensus-based recommendations for clinical practice
Interventional radiology plays an important and increasing role in cancer treatment. Follow-up is important to be able
to assess treatment success and detect locoregional and distant recurrence and recommendations for follow-up are
needed. At ECIO 2018, a joint ECIO-ESOI session was organized to establish follow-up recommendations for oncologic
intervention in liver, renal, and lung cancer. Treatments included thermal ablation, TACE, and TARE. In total five topics
were evaluated: ablation in colorectal liver metastases (CRLM), TARE in CRLM, TACE and TARE in HCC, ablation in renal
cancer, and ablation in lung cancer. Evaluated modalities were FDG-PET-CT, CT, MRI, and (contrast-enhanced)
ultrasound. Prior to the session, five experts were selected and performed a systematic review and presented
statements, which were voted on in a telephone conference prior to the meeting by all panelists. These statements
were presented and discussed at the ECIO-ESOI session at ECIO 2018. This paper presents the recommendations that
followed from these initiatives. Based on expert opinions and the available evidence, follow-up schedules were
proposed for liver cancer, renal cancer, and lung cancer. FDG-PET-CT, CT, and MRI are the recommended modalities,
but one should beware of false-positive signs of residual tumor or recurrence due to inflammation early after the
intervention. There is a need for prospective preferably multicenter studies to validate new techniques and new
response criteria. This paper presents recommendations that can be used in clinical practice to perform the follow-up
of patients with liver, lung, and renal cancer who were treated with interventional locoregional therapies
Currículo na contemporaneidade : internacionalização e contextos locais : atas
Atas do XI Colóquio sobre questões curriculares/ VII Colóquio Luso-Brasileiro sobre questões curriculares/ I Colóquio Luso-Afro-Brasileiro sobre Questões Curriculares 18, 19 e 20 de Setembro, 2014
Universidade do Minho, Braga (Portugal)O XI Colóquio sobre Questões Curriculares / VII Colóquio Luso-Brasileiro e I Colóquio Luso-Afro-Brasileiro de Questões Curriculares decorreu na Universidade do Minho, em Braga (Portugal), nos dias 18, 19 e 20 de setembro de 2014. Tratando-se de um colóquio com uma história já relevante, que desde 2002 se tem desenvolvido em parceria com o Brasil, teve nesta edição, a novidade de incluir entre os seus organizadores três instituições de ensino superior representantes de países africanos da lusofonia – Cabo-Verde, Moçambique e Angola. Este alargamento evidencia o crescimento que o campo do currículo tem conhecido nos últimos anos naqueles países, reconhecendo e procurando criar espaços para ampliar esse desenvolvimento. A riqueza e diversidade proporcionados pelo alargamento do Colóquio vieram ainda contribuir para o esforço de internacionalização do campo do currículo (Pinar, 2014), sem perder de vista a importância do conhecimento das particularidades, (re)contextualizações e apropriações, nem do plano mais amplo das políticas viajantes, tomadas de empréstimo de contextos globais (Steiner-Khamsi & Waldow, 2012). Esta preocupação serviu de pano de fundo ao tema do Colóquio deste ano.
Sob a temática "Currículo na contemporaneidade: internacionalização e contextos locais" o colóquio procurou congregar docentes e investigadores da área dos Estudos Curriculares, sendo um espaço privilegiado para a reflexão, discussão e troca de experiências.
As intervenções no colóquio reuniram-se em torno de diversos eixos temáticos, que procuraram representar a complexidade e diversidade de temas, consolidados e emergentes, dentro das políticas, teorias e práticas curriculares atuais:
1. Currículo, Globalização e Cosmopolitismo
2. Currículo e Avaliação
3. Currículo e Ensino Superior
4. Associações Curriculares: contributos para a configuração do campo
5. Currículo e Educação Formal e Não-Formal
6. Currículo e Tecnologias
7. Currículo e Desafios Africanos no Século XXI
8. Currículo e Políticas Educacionais
9. Currículo e Culturas
10. Currículo, Éticas e Estéticas
11. Currículo e Gestão
12. Currículo, Didática e Formação de Professores
13. Currículo, Transições e Territórios
14. Currículo, Conhecimento e Disciplinas Escolares
Embora não estando ainda entre os objetos de estudo mais trabalhados pelos investigadores em geral, procurámos, com a criação de mesas redondas em torno de temas como as associações curriculares, os desafios africanos ao currículo no Século XXI, ou as transições e territórios curriculares, sensibilizar os participantes para potenciais desenvolvimentos futuros destas temáticas, que se perspetivam vir a influenciar o campo dos estudos curriculares nos anos vindouros.
José Carlos Morgado
Filipa Seabra
Carlos FerreiraFC
Brain structural covariance networks in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a graph analysis from the ENIGMA Consortium.
Brain structural covariance networks reflect covariation in morphology of different brain areas and are thought to reflect common trajectories in brain development and maturation. Large-scale investigation of structural covariance networks in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may provide clues to the pathophysiology of this neurodevelopmental disorder. Using T1-weighted MRI scans acquired from 1616 individuals with OCD and 1463 healthy controls across 37 datasets participating in the ENIGMA-OCD Working Group, we calculated intra-individual brain structural covariance networks (using the bilaterally-averaged values of 33 cortical surface areas, 33 cortical thickness values, and six subcortical volumes), in which edge weights were proportional to the similarity between two brain morphological features in terms of deviation from healthy controls (i.e. z-score transformed). Global networks were characterized using measures of network segregation (clustering and modularity), network integration (global efficiency), and their balance (small-worldness), and their community membership was assessed. Hub profiling of regional networks was undertaken using measures of betweenness, closeness, and eigenvector centrality. Individually calculated network measures were integrated across the 37 datasets using a meta-analytical approach. These network measures were summated across the network density range of K = 0.10-0.25 per participant, and were integrated across the 37 datasets using a meta-analytical approach. Compared with healthy controls, at a global level, the structural covariance networks of OCD showed lower clustering (P < 0.0001), lower modularity (P < 0.0001), and lower small-worldness (P = 0.017). Detection of community membership emphasized lower network segregation in OCD compared to healthy controls. At the regional level, there were lower (rank-transformed) centrality values in OCD for volume of caudate nucleus and thalamus, and surface area of paracentral cortex, indicative of altered distribution of brain hubs. Centrality of cingulate and orbito-frontal as well as other brain areas was associated with OCD illness duration, suggesting greater involvement of these brain areas with illness chronicity. In summary, the findings of this study, the largest brain structural covariance study of OCD to date, point to a less segregated organization of structural covariance networks in OCD, and reorganization of brain hubs. The segregation findings suggest a possible signature of altered brain morphometry in OCD, while the hub findings point to OCD-related alterations in trajectories of brain development and maturation, particularly in cingulate and orbitofrontal regions
Phylogeographic Analysis of HIV-1 Subtype C Dissemination in Southern Brazil
The HIV-1 subtype C has spread efficiently in the southern states of Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina and Paraná). Phylogeographic studies indicate that the subtype C epidemic in southern Brazil was initiated by the introduction of a single founder virus population at some time point between 1960 and 1980, but little is known about the spatial dynamics of viral spread. A total of 135 Brazilian HIV-1 subtype C pol sequences collected from 1992 to 2009 at the three southern state capitals (Porto Alegre, Florianópolis and Curitiba) were analyzed. Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian methods were used to explore the degree of phylogenetic mixing of subtype C sequences from different cities and to reconstruct the geographical pattern of viral spread in this country region. Phylogeographic analyses supported the monophyletic origin of the HIV-1 subtype C clade circulating in southern Brazil and placed the root of that clade in Curitiba (Paraná state). This analysis further suggested that Florianópolis (Santa Catarina state) is an important staging post in the subtype C dissemination displaying high viral migration rates from and to the other cities, while viral flux between Curitiba and Porto Alegre (Rio Grande do Sul state) is very low. We found a positive correlation (r2 = 0.64) between routine travel and viral migration rates among localities. Despite the intense viral movement, phylogenetic intermixing of subtype C sequences from different Brazilian cities is lower than expected by chance. Notably, a high proportion (67%) of subtype C sequences from Porto Alegre branched within a single local monophyletic sub-cluster. These results suggest that the HIV-1 subtype C epidemic in southern Brazil has been shaped by both frequent viral migration among states and in situ dissemination of local clades
Uma capitania dos novos tempos: economia, sociedade e política na São Paulo restaurada (1765-1822)
O artigo reflete sobre a trajetória da Capitania de São Paulo, a partir de 1750, apontando sua transformação, de fronteira e "boca do sertão", para território estratégico da conquista e defesa das partes meridionais e área economicamente integrada aos circuitos mercantis atlânticos.In this article, we reflect upon the history of the Captaincy of São Paulo as from 1750, drawing attention to its transformation from frontier land and "door to the backcountry" into a territory of strategic value for the purposes of conquest and defense of the southern regions, and economically integrated into the Atlantic trade routes
Paleoecología y cultura material en el complejo tumular prehistórico de Castillejo del Bonete (Terrinches, Ciudad Real)
Castillejo del Bonete es un complejo tumular situado en el borde meridional de la Meseta Ibérica, ocupado en fechas calcolíticas y de la Edad del Bronce, vinculado a la Cultura de las Motillas. Materiales arqueológicos muy diversos han sido recuperados asociados a las arquitecturas del lugar (túmulos, corredores, potentes muros, etc.). Se presenta un avance de la investigación paleoecológica sobre las colecciones de carbón, polen y microvertebrados. Además se presentan cuentas de piedra y madera, colgantes de concha, material lítico, la colección cerámica, nuevas metalografías e industria metálica y botones de marfil. El conjunto de estas evidencias arqueológicas pone de manifiesto la celebración ritual de banquetes y ofrendas durante la Prehistoria Reciente en una cueva monumentalizada mediante túmulos en el interior de la Península Ibérica
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