Living together. Aspects to reformulate the housing model. Learning from Spanish Case Studies.

Aprendiendo de experiencias recogidas en la plataforma masqueunacasa.org y de otras recientes que están emergiendo en el territorio español, se propone reflexionar sobre aspectos que estas experiencias reformulan en relación al modelo habitacional que proponen, aprovechando el ‘proceso colectivo’ propio.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Collective processes to a ctivate and use empty houses in Spain

This abstract is focused on the search for possible alternatives for the activation and putting into use of empty housing spaces. An urban problem of the magnitude of the number of vacant dwellings in Spanish territory, 3.4 million, and the significant lack of housing and social vulnerability of the Spanish population. Faced with this reality, the research considers that these empty spaces are an opportunity to rethink the inhabited space and its adaptation to the needs and ways of life of people. It also has as a starting point the processes of social organization and collective management, which it considers are key to the necessary socio-urban regeneration. To this end, it is proposed the identification of strategies to activate and put into use empty spaces that have been managed by processes of collective organization.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Cooperative co-housing to promote healthy and accompanied ageing in place (Co-aging). Case studies of architectural viability in obsolete neighborhoods in Malaga.

Spain is facing a progressive aging of its population and the inversion of its population pyramid, also inverting the income/expense balance of the Estate and reducing its agency to control the housing market by construction. Our transdisciplinary project proposes cooperative co-housing ways of living inside the existing housing stock of obsolete and aged neighbourhoods in Málaga (south Spain). Re-densifying by sharing the use of obsolete too-big family houses, while renting the others, will provide a solution to the problems of both unwanted loneliness, active and financially independent aging, while increasing and re-activating the housing rental stock. By combining the results of focal meetings realized with inhabitants of the case study neighbourhoods, and the analysis of the specific housing units via several teaching projects at different pre- and post-graduate levels and authors’ design studies, we will test the architectural viability of our project by providing specific on-site solutions to the study cases.Universidad de Málaga y Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades de la Junta de Andalucía

La visión de la ciudad en la pandemia de la Covid-19 de estudiantes de 3º de ESO a través de una cartografía de controversias.

Ante la situación de pandemia mundial causada por la Covid-19, desde la educación científica se plantea realizar una primera aproximación, a través de la cartografía de controversias, a lo que piensan estudiantes de 3o de ESO sobre cómo la pandemia ha afectado a su ciudad, identificando cuales son los principales actantes y cómo los agrupan. Se ha realizado un taller con dos grupos de estudiantes en el que han elaborado sendas cartografías, que han sido analizadas, al igual que las anotaciones hechas por los estudiantes en el programa Nearpod. Como resultado se han obtenido 5 dimensiones creadas a partir del análisis de los actantes y polos de las cartografías.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Este trabajo forma parte del Proyecto I+D+i «Ciudadanos con pensamiento crítico: Un desafío para el profesorado en la enseñanza de las ciencias» (PID2019-105765GA-I00) financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. Esta investigación, ha sido financiado por el Ministerio de Universidades a través del programa de Formación del Profesorado Universitario (FPU19/04507)

Casa + o -. La vivienda como objeto cultural de producción social.

La presente propuesta surge como una respuesta ante la situación actual de la vivienda. Esta situación se puede resumir dando los siguientes datos: Desde 1998 hasta el 2005 el precio del metro cuadrado se incrementó un 15% de media por año (lo que supone un incremento del 120% en dicho periodo). Por el contrario, la Renta Bruta Disponible de los hogares creció de media anual sólo un poco más del 3% en dicho lapso. En la actualidad, el precio de la vivienda disminuye, aun manteniéndose en cotas muy altas, y el aumento desorbitado de la oferta ha provocado un gran parque de viviendas vacías. Por otro lado, existe un mayor ritmo de crecimiento de núcleos familiares, ya que cada vez estos son más pequeños. Por lo tanto, frente al índice de natalidad que se estanca, e incluso desciende, la demanda de vivienda aumenta. O lo que es lo mismo, el tamaño medio del hogar disminuye.Universidad Pablo de OlavideMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación CSO2009-06819-EUniversidad de Granada 1975-200

Participatory methods and intangible cultural heritage in the neighbourhoods

La protección del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial (PCI) resulta fundamental como herramienta de cohesiónsocial en las comunidades locales, al infundir en ellas un sentimiento de identidad y continuidad, y promoverel respeto a la diversidad y creatividad humana. Sin embargo, la salvaguardia de este tipo de patrimonioes algo muy reciente y existe todavía una falta de consenso acerca de criterios comunes y metodologíaspara su protección. De ahí la importancia de diseñar y poner en práctica metodologías participativas quepermitan crear espacios de participación en torno a la gestión del PCI en los barrios. Este artículo muestralos resultados de una experiencia real llevada a cabo en el barrio de la Fontanalla en Málaga (España). Sepropone una serie de acciones metodológicas innovadoras y abiertas, basada en la participación e implicación de vecinos/as y entidades locales en el propio diseño del proceso participativo a desarrollar. Los resultados confirman la idoneidad de dicha metodología para crear espacios de participación. Las conclusiones recogen algunas particularidades de la gestión comunitaria del PCI, mecanismos utilizados, dificultades encontradas y su impacto en la gobernabilidad participativa del barrio malagueño.The protection of the Intangible Cultural Heritage (PCI) is essential as a tool for social cohesion in localcommunities, instilling in them a feeling of identity and continuity, and promoting respect for diversityand human creativity. However, the safeguarding of this type of heritage is something very recent andthere is still a lack of consensus about the common criteria and methodologies for its protection. Hencethe importance of designing and implementing participatory methodologies that specifically createspaces for participation around the management of the PCI in neighborhoods. This article shows resultsobtained from a real experience carried out in the neighbourhood of La Fontanalla (Málaga, Spain).A series of innovative and flexible methodological actions are proposed, based on the involvement ofneighbours and local entities in the design of the participatory process. The results carried out confirmthe suitability of this methodology to create spaces for participation. The conclusions include some peculiarities of community management of the PCI, mechanisms used, difficulties that have been found andtheir impact on participatory governance in the Malaga neighborhood

Pressurized Liquid (PLE) Truffle Extracts Have Inhibitory Activity on Key Enzymes Related to Type 2 Diabetes (α-Glucosidase and α-Amylase)

An optimized PLE method was applied to several truffle species using three different solvent mixtures to obtain bioactive enriched fractions. The pressurized water extracts contained mainly (1 ? 3),(1 ? 6)-?-D-glucans, chitins, and heteropolymers with galactose and mannose in their structures. The ethanol extracts included fatty acids and fungal sterols and others such as brassicasterol and stigmasterol, depending on the species. They also showed a different fatty acid lipid profile depending on the solvent utilized and species considered. Ethanol:water extracts showed interesting lipids and many phenolic compounds; however, no synergic extraction of compounds was noticed. Some of the truffle extracts were able to inhibit enzymes related to type 2 diabetes; pressurized water extracts mainly inhibited the ?-amylase enzyme, while ethanolic extracts were more able to inhibit ?-glucosidase. Tuber brumale var. moschatum and T. aestivum var. uncinatum extracts showed an IC50 of 29.22 mg/mL towards ?-amylase and 7.93 mg/mL towards ?-glucosidase. Thus, use of the PLE method allows o bioactive enriched fractions to be obtained from truffles with antidiabetic properties.This research was funded by the fellowship Ibercaja-CAI Estancias de Investigación number CA 1/20. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union under “Horizon 2020—the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (2014–2020)”. Grant Agreement of the Project: “Innovation in truffle cultivation, preservation, processing and wild truffle resources management”, INTACT, Project number 101007623.trufflesβ-D-glucansergosterolfatty acidsantidiabeticamylaseglucosidasePublishe

Incidence and characteristics of adverse drug reactions in a cohort of patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in real-world practice

Adverse reaction; Immunotherapy; PharmacovigilanceReacción adversa; Inmunoterapia; FarmacovigilanciaReacció adversa; Immunoteràpia; FarmacovigilànciaBackground: Data related to adverse drug reactions (ADRs), specifically immune-related adverse events (irAEs), in long-term treatment with immunotherapy in real-world practice is scarce, as is general information regarding the management of ADRs. Objectives: To characterize and describe the incidence of ADRs in patients who began immunotherapy treatment in clinical practice. Methods: In a prospective observational study cancer patients ≥18 years of age who were treated with a monotherapy regime of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors were evaluated. The study period was from November 2017 to June 2019 and patients were followed up until June 2021. Patients were contacted monthly by telephone and their electronic health records were reviewed. Each ADR was graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE 5.0). Results: Out of 99 patients, 86 met the inclusion criteria. Most were male (67.4%), with a median age of 66 (interquartile range, IQR: 59–76). The most frequent cancer was non-small cellular lung cancer (46 cases, 53.5%), followed by melanoma (22, 25.6%). A total of 74 patients (86%) were treated with anti-PD-1 drugs and 12 (14%) were treated with anti-PD-L1 drugs. The median treatment durations were 4.9 (IQR: 1.9–17.0) and 5.9 months (IQR: 1.2–12.3), respectively. Sixty-three patients (73%) developed from a total of 156 (44% of the total number of ADR) irADRs, wherein the most frequent were skin disorders (50 cases, 32%, incidence = 30.5 irADRs/100 patients per year [p-y]), gastrointestinal disorders (29, 19%, 17.7 irADRs/100 p-y), musculoskeletal disorders (17, 11%, 10.4 irADRs/100 p-y), and endocrine disorders (14, 9%, 8.6 irADRs/100 p-y). A total of 22 irADRs (14%) had a latency period of ≥12 months. Twelve irADRs (7.7%) were categorized as grade 3–4, and while 2 (1.3%) were categorized as grade 5 (death). Sixty-one irADRs (39.1%) in 36 patients required pharmacological treatment and 47 irADRs (30.1%) in 22 patients required treatment with corticosteriods. Conclusion: The majority of patients treated with anti-PD1/PDL1-based immunotherapy experienced adverse reactions. Although most of these reactions were mild, 11.5% were categorized as grade 3 or above. A high percentage of the reactions were immune-related and occurred throughout the treatment, thereby indicating that early identification and close monitoring is essential

NLRP3 inflammasome activation and symptom burden in KRAS-mutated CMML patients is reverted by IL-1 blocking therapy

Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is frequently associated with mutations in the rat sarcoma gene (RAS), leading to worse prognosis. RAS mutations result in active RAS-GTP proteins, favoring myeloid cell proliferation and survival and inducing the NLRP3 inflammasome together with the apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), which promote caspase-1 activation and interleukin (IL)-1(3 release. Here, we report, in a cohort of CMML patients with mutations in KRAS, a constitutive activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in monocytes, evidenced by ASC oligomerization and IL-1(3 release, as well as a specific inflammatory cytokine signature. Treatment of a CMML patient with a KRASG12D mutation using the IL-1 receptor blocker anakinra inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation, reduces monocyte count, and improves the patient's clinical status, enabling a stem cell transplant. This reveals a basal inflammasome activation in RAS-mutated CMML patients and suggests potential therapeutic applications of NLRP3 and IL-1 blockers