Fluid flows through unsaturated porous media: An alternative simulation procedure

This article studies fluid flows through an unsaturated porous matrix, modeled under a mixture theory viewpoint, which give rise to nonlinear hyperbolic systems. An alternative procedure is employed to simulate these nonlinear nonhomogeneous hyperbolic systems of two partial differential equations representing mass and momentum conservation for the fluid (liquid) constituent of mixture. An operator splitting technique is employed so that the nonhomogeneous system is split into a time-dependent ordinary portion and a homogeneous one. This latter is simulated by employing Glimm’s scheme and an approximate Riemann solver is used for marching between two consecutive time steps. This Riemann solver conveniently approximates the solution of the associated Riemann problem by piecewise constant functions always satisfying the jump condition – giving rise to an approximation easier to implement with lower computational cost. Comparison with the standard procedure, employing the complete solution of the associated Riemann problem for implementing Glimm’s scheme, has shown good agreement

Transferência de conhecimento : conceitos, estratégias e casos de adoção : relatório técnico

Pesquisa realizada com financiamento do Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações, Projeto de Cooperação “Aprimoramento do Framework de Soluções de Tecnologia da Informação”.Este Relatório é resultante de uma das frentes de pesquisa e desenvolvimento do Projeto P&D-MC/UnB (Projeto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento entre a Universidade de Brasília – UnB, Faculdade FGA e o Ministério das Comunicações - MC), oriundo de um termo de cooperação entre a UnB e o Ministério. Uma das metas do Projeto foi atender a demanda do Ministério quanto a definição de um processo de transferência do conhecimento durante o processo de desenvolvimento de software por fábricas de software e na transição e/ou término de contratos de Fábricas de Software. Este trabalho apresenta os processos definidos. Como produção técnica, o processo foi implantando, refinado e validado no MC. Como produção acadêmica, até o momento, foram geradas algumas publicações em conferências nacionais e internacionais, tais como: • Brito, M F de; Figueiredo, R M C;Venson, E; Canedo, E D.; Ribeiro Jr, L C M. “Knowledge Transfer in a Management Process for Outsourced Agile Software Development”, in 50th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), 04-07, 2017, Hawaii. Link: http://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/41921 • Morais, Emilie de; Jesus, Geovanni de; Figueiredo, R.; Venson, Elaine; Rafael Queiroz. “Knowledge Transfer in IT Service Provider Transition”. In: International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems (ICEIS), 2017, Porto - Portugal. Link: http://www.scitepress.org/DigitalLibrary/PublicationsDetail.aspx?ID=sbNJU7kvtOI=&t=1 • Brito, M. F.; Figueiredo, R. M. da C.;Venson, E.; Ribeiro. Jr, L. C. M.; Kosloski, R. A. D.; “Transferência de Conhecimento em Projetos de Desenvolvimento de Software no Contexto de Contratação, ” in 12oCONTECSI - InternationalConferenceon Information Systems and Technology Management, 2015. Link: http://www.contecsi.fea.usp.br/envio/index.php/contecsi/12CONTECSI/paper/view/3175 Além de outras produções relacionadas a esta temática, apresentadas no ANEXO 1. • Coletânea de artigos publicados em conferências, nacionais e internacionais, relacionados ao processo de desenvolvimento de software, de manutenção, e de inventariação. • Coletânea dos Trabalhos de Conclusão de Curso da Faculdade GAMA – FGA, relacionados ao tema deste Relatório. Em 2016, houve a fusão do Ministério das Comunicações com o Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, surgindo o Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovação e Comunicações – MCTIC. O Projeto P&D-MC/UnB foi vinculado a esse novo Ministério. Neste relatório, apresentam-se os processos de transferência de conhecimento durante o desenvolvimento de software e na transição de fornecedores

Consumo de hortaliças e sua relação com os alimentos ultraprocessados no Brasil

OBJETIVO: Caracterizar a aquisição domiciliar e o consumo alimentar individual de hortaliças no Brasil e analisar sua relação com o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados dados de aquisição de alimentos para consumo no domicílio e de consumo alimentar individual da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares 2008–2009. A Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares estudou a aquisição de alimentos de 55.970 domicílios e o consumo alimentar de 34.003 indivíduos com 10 anos ou mais de idade. Os alimentos de interesse neste estudo foram as hortaliças (excluindo raízes e tubérculos) e os alimentos ultraprocessados. A quantidade de hortaliças (gramas) adquiridas e consumidas foi descrita para o conjunto dos brasileiros e segundo quintos da participação calórica de alimentos ultraprocessados na alimentação. Para tanto, foram calculados os valores brutos e preditos, obtidos por modelos de regressão ajustados por variáveis sociodemográficas. Analisaram-se os tipos mais adquiridos de hortaliças (% na quantidade total) e, em relação ao consumo alimentar individual, a variedade de hortaliças consumidas (número absoluto), a participação (%) dos tipos de preparação culinária à base de hortaliças e os horários de consumo. RESULTADOS: A aquisição domiciliar média ajustada de hortaliças foi 42,9 g/per capita/dia. O consumo individual médio ajustado foi 46,1 g. Verificou-se relação inversa entre aquisição domiciliar e consumo individual de hortaliças e de alimentos ultraprocessados. Dez tipos de hortaliças respondem por mais de 80% da quantidade total habitualmente adquirida. A variedade consumida foi, em média, 1,08 tipo/per capita/dia. Cerca de 60% das hortaliças foram consumidas cruas, sendo a quantidade consumida no almoço duas vezes maior que aquela do jantar e indivíduos com maior consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados tenderam a consumir quantidade ainda menor de hortaliças no jantar. CONCLUSÕES: O consumo de hortaliças no Brasil é insuficiente, sendo pior entre indivíduos com maior consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados. O hábito mais frequente foi consumir hortaliças cruas, no almoço e com limitada variedade.OBJECTIVE: To characterize the household purchase and the individual consumption of vegetables in Brazil and to analyze their relation with the consumption of ultra-processed foods. METHODS: We have used data on the purchase of food for household consumption and individual consumption from the 2008–2009 Brazilian Household Budget Survey. The Brazilian Household Budget Survey studied the purchase of food of 55,970 households and the food consumption of 34,003 individuals aged 10 years and over. The foods of interest in this study were vegetables (excluding roots and tubers) and ultra-processed foods. We have described the amount of vegetables (grams) purchased and consumed by all Brazilians and according to the quintiles of caloric intake of ultra-processed food. To this end, we have calculated the crude and predicted values obtained by regression models adjusted for sociodemographic variables. We have analyzed the most commonly purchased types of vegetables (% in the total amount) and, in relation to individual food consumption, the variety of vegetables consumed (absolute number), the participation (%) of the types of culinary preparations based on vegetables, and the time of consumption. RESULTS: The adjusted mean household purchase of vegetables was 42.9 g/per capita/day. The adjusted mean individual consumption was 46.1 g. There was an inverse relation between household purchase and individual consumption of vegetables and ultra-processed foods. Ten types of vegetables account for more than 80% of the total amount usually purchased. The variety consumed was, on average, 1.08 type/per capita/day. Approximately 60% of the vegetables were eaten raw, and the amount consumed at lunch was twice that consumed at dinner; individuals with higher consumption of ultra-processed foods tended to consume even less vegetables at dinner. CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of vegetables in Brazil is insufficient, and this is worse among individuals with higher consumption of ultra-processed foods. The most frequent habit was to consume raw vegetables at lunch and with limited variety

PERCEPÇÃO DE IMIGRANTES AFRICANOS SOBRE O ATENDIMENTO NOS SERVIÇOS DE SAÚDE DE PORTUGAL

Objetivo: conhecer a percepção do imigrante africano sobre o atendimento nos  serviços de saúde de Portugal. Método: estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado na Grande Lisboa, Portugal, no período de março de 2017 a janeiro de 2018. Para coleta dos dados utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada com imigrantes africanos. A estratificação das informações foi guiada pela análise de conteúdo. Resultados: constatou-se que os serviços de saúde mais utilizados foram os Centros de Saúde e Hospitais; a assistência recebida é de boa qualidade, apesar da dificuldade de acesso, causada pelo longo tempo de espera. Evidenciou-se que as diferenças culturais interferem na compreensão das orientações prestadas e recebidas. Conclusão: o imigrante africano percebe o atendimento que recebe nos serviços de saúde de Portugal como de boa qualidade, ainda que o acesso e a acessibilidade apresente dificuldades decorrentes principalmente das barreiras do preconceito e do racismo.Descritores: Sistema de Saúde. Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde. Imigração. Países Receptores de Imigrantes. Grupo com Ancestrais do Continente Africano

Consumption of vegetables and their relation with ultra-processed foods in Brazil

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the household purchase and the individual consumption of vegetables in Brazil and to analyze their relation with the consumption of ultra-processed foods. METHODS: We have used data on the purchase of food for household consumption and individual consumption from the 2008-2009 Brazilian Household Budget Survey. The Brazilian Household Budget Survey studied the purchase of food of 55,970 households and the food consumption of 34,003 individuals aged 10 years and over. The foods of interest in this study were vegetables (excluding roots and tubers) and ultra-processed foods. We have described the amount of vegetables (grams) purchased and consumed by all Brazilians and according to the quintiles of caloric intake of ultra-processed food. To this end, we have calculated the crude and predicted values obtained by regression models adjusted for sociodemographic variables. We have analyzed the most commonly purchased types of vegetables (% in the total amount) and, in relation to individual food consumption, the variety of vegetables consumed (absolute number), the participation (%) of the types of culinary preparations based on vegetables, and the time of consumption. RESULTS: The adjusted mean household purchase of vegetables was 42.9 g/per capita/day. The adjusted mean individual consumption was 46.1 g. There was an inverse relation between household purchase and individual consumption of vegetables and ultra-processed foods. Ten types of vegetables account for more than 80% of the total amount usually purchased. The variety consumed was, on average, 1.08 type/per capita/day. Approximately 60% of the vegetables were eaten raw, and the amount consumed at lunch was twice that consumed at dinnerindividuals with higher consumption of ultra-processed foods tended to consume even less vegetables at dinner. CONCLUSIONS: The consumption of vegetables in Brazil is insufficient, and this is worse among individuals with higher consumption of ultra-processed foods. The most frequent habit was to consume raw vegetables at lunch and with limited variety.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Inst Nutr, Dept Nutr Aplicada, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Nucl Pesquisas Epidemiol Nutr & Saude, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Inst Saude & Soc, Dept Polit Publ & Saude Coletiva, Santos, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Escola Enfermagem, Dept Nutr, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Pelotas, Programa Posgrad Epidemiol, Pelotas, RS, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Inst Saude & Soc, Dept Saude Clin & Inst, Santos, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Dept Med Prevent, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Inst Saude & Soc, Dept Polit Publ & Saude Coletiva, Santos, SP, BrazilCNPq: MCTI/CNPQ 14/2014, 457801/2014-0Web of Scienc

Out-of-Home Food Consumers in Brazil: What Do They Eat?

Considering the increased contribution of foods consumed outside home and their potential impact on diet, this study aims to identify eating out patterns and their association with nutritional dietary quality in Brazil. We used the Individual Food Intake Survey 2008-2009, conducted with 34,003 individuals aged 10 and up. We used factor analysis by principal component to identify out-of-home eating patterns and linear regression to explore the association between patterns scores and dietary quality. We identified three food patterns. The Traditional meal pattern carried more rice, beans, meat, roots and tubers, pasta, vegetables and eggs. The typical Brazilian breakfast/tea pattern carried more fresh bread, margarine, milk, cheese and butter. The Ultra-processed food pattern carried more ready-to-eat meals and soft drinks. The traditional meal pattern was positively associated with calories from proteins, fiber, iron, potassium and sodium densities, whereas typical Brazilian breakfast/tea and ultra-processed food patterns were positively associated with energy density, the percentage of calories from lipids or carbohydrates, trans fat and free sugar. Out-of-home eating may have a negative impact on nutritional dietary quality when based on ultra-processed food. However, it is possible to maintain a healthy out-of-home diet with adherence to traditional Brazilian cuisine.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Nucleo Pesquisas Epidemiol Nutr & Saude NUPENS, BR-01246907 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo FMUSP, Fac Med, Dept Med Prevent, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Polit Publ & Saude Colet, BR-11015020 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Uberlandia, Fac Med, Curso Nutr, BR-38400902 Uberlandia, MG, BrazilInst Def Consumidor IDEC, BR-05002000 Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, Dept Polit Publ & Saude Colet, BR-11015020 Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

ATG9A regulates the dissociation of recycling endosomes from microtubules to form liquid influenza A virus inclusions

AU It is:now Pleaseconfirmthatallheadinglevelsarerepresentedcorrectly established that many viruses that threaten public health : establish condensates via phase transitions to complete their lifecycles, and knowledge on such processes may offer new strategies for antiviral therapy. In the case of influenza A virus (IAV), liquid condensates known as viral inclusions, concentrate the 8 distinct viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs) that form IAV genome and are viewed as sites dedicated to the assembly of the 8-partite genomic complex. Despite not being delimited by host membranes, IAV liquid inclusions accumulate host membranes inside as a result of vRNP binding to the recycling endocytic marker Rab11a, a driver of the biogenesis of these structures. We lack molecular understanding on how Rab11a-recycling endosomes condensate specifically near the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) exit sites upon IAV infection. We show here that liquid viral inclusions interact with the ER to fuse, divide, and slide. We uncover that, contrary to previous indications, the reported reduction in recycling endocytic activity is a regulated process rather than a competition for cellular resources involving a novel role for the host factor ATG9A. In infection, ATG9A mediates the removal of Rab11a-recycling endosomes carrying vRNPs from microtubules. We observe that the recycling endocytic usage of microtubules is rescued when ATG9A is depleted, which prevents condensation of Rab11a endosomes near the ER. The failure to produce viral inclusions accumulates vRNPs in the cytosol andAU reduces: Pleasecheckandconfirmthattheeditst genome assembly and the release of infectious virions. We propose that the ER supports the dynamics of liquid IAV inclusions, with ATG9A facilitating their formation. This work advances our understanding on how epidemic and pandemic influenza genomes are formed. It also reveals the plasticity of recycling pathway endosomes to undergo condensation in response to infection, disclosing new roles for ATG9A beyond its classical involvement in autophagy.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Factors associated with the development of leprosy in Brazilian contacts: a systematic review

People who interact with leprosy patients in their environment, neighborhood, family, or social relationships are at risk to develop the disease. This systematic review investigated the risk and protective factors associated with the development of leprosy in Brazilian contacts. The studies were found in Cochrane Library, PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, Virtual Health Library, grey literature and hand search until July 2021. The study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were independently performed by two investigators. The quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020160680). Seventeen articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria (n=544). The immunological and molecular factors, such as Anti-phenolic Glycolipid Antibodies (Anti-PGL-1) seropositivity, negative Mitsuda test, absence of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) scar, positive Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in blood; age and race; conviviality, education, contact time and type of contact, as well as elements related to the index case (bacilloscopic index; genetic conditions, family relationships), and some combined factors were shown to be relevant risk factors associated with the development of the disease in Brazilian leprosy contacts. The protective factors reported were the presence of one or more BCG scars, positive Mitsuda test, and education level. All selected studies were considered of high quality according to NOS. The knowledge of disease-related risk and protective factors provides the scientific basis for decision-making in the management of the disease in leprosy contacts

LETRAMENTO EM SAÚDE DE ADOLESCENTES SOBRE MÉTODOS CONTRACEPTIVOS

Objetivo: analisar o nível de letramento em saúde de adolescentes acerca de métodos contraceptivos.Método: estudo descritivo, de natureza quantitativa, realizado com 288 adolescentes de uma escola pública. Os dados foram obtidos com questionário estruturado, autoaplicável, de origem no S-TOPHLA. Foi realizada análise estatística descritiva com o teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson para medir a associação entre o letramento em saúde e a adesão aos métodos contraceptivos, sendo considerando nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05).Resultados: a média da idade dos participantes foi de 16,9 anos variando de 15 a 19 anos e a análise bivariada indicou associação entre a não adesão aos métodos contraceptivos e o letramento em saúde (p<0,001).Conclusão: o baixo letramento em saúde identificado neste estudo pode acarretar consequências marcantes na vida do adolescente, com implicações para um futuro pouco promissor em decorrência de mudanças advindas de gravidez não planejada.Objective: to analyze the level of health literacy among adolescents regarding contraceptive methods.Method: a descriptive study, of a quantitative approach, carried out with 288 public school adolescents. The data were obtained with a structured, self-applied questionnaire, sourced from the S-TOPHLA. The descriptive statistical analysis by Pearson’s chi-square test was used to measure the connection between health literacy and the use of contraceptive methods, considering a significance level of 5% (p<0.05).Results: participants’ mean age was 16.9 years old, ranging from 15 to 19 years old, and the bivariate analysis indicated an association between non-user of contraceptive methods and health literacy (p<0.001).Conclusion: low health literacy identified in this study can have remarkable consequences on the adolescent´s life, impacting a not very promising future due to changes in an unplanned pregnancy.Objetivo: evaluar el nivel de instrucción en salud de adolescentes acerca de métodosanticonceptivos.Método: estudio descriptivo, de carácter cuantitativo, que se realizó con 288 adolescentes deuna escuela pública. Se obtuvieron los datos por medio de cuestionario estructurado, autoaplicable, de origen en S-TOPHLA. Se realizó análisis estadístico descriptivo con prueba Chicuadrada de Pearson para medir la asociación entre la instrucción en salud y la adhesión a losmétodos anticonceptivos, considerándose nivel de significancia de 5% (p<0,05).Resultados: el promedio de edad de los participantes fue de 16,9 años variando de 15 a 19 añosy el análisis bivariado apuntó asociación entre la no adhesión a los métodos anticonceptivosy la instrucción en salud (p<0,001).Conclusión: la baja instrucción en salud identificada en este estudio puede resultarconsecuencias considerables en la vida del adolescente, con implicaciones para un futuropoco promisor a causa de los cambios que vienen de la gravidez no planeada