Edición de libros en acceso abierto

Presentació feta al XIII Workshop REBIUN sobre proyectos digitales, celebrat a la Universidad de Salamanca l'octubre del 2014.Descripción del proyecto de edición de libros académicos implementado en la Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya (UPC) por Iniciativa Digital Politècnica (IDP).Postprint (published version

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

El deporte como parte del tratamiento ocupacional en un caso de esquizofrenia indiferenciada

In the following case, we highlight the use of sport as a therapeutic way in a psychotic patient, with emphasis on socially meaningful occupations. Through a team sport like football, relationships and teamwork can be assisted, so damaged in this disease, and improve personal identity inside and outside that context.En el siguiente caso clínico, queremos destacar el uso del deporte como medio terapéutico en un paciente psicótico, haciendo hincapié en las ocupaciones socialmente significativas. A través de un deporte de equipo como el fútbol es posible favorecer las relaciones interpersonales y el trabajo grupal, tan dañado en esta patología, y mejorar la propia identidad personal dentro y fuera de ese contexto

Edición de libros en acceso abierto

Presentació feta al XIII Workshop REBIUN sobre proyectos digitales, celebrat a la Universidad de Salamanca l'octubre del 2014.Descripción del proyecto de edición de libros académicos implementado en la Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya (UPC) por Iniciativa Digital Politècnica (IDP)

Edición de libros en acceso abierto en la Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya

Se ha diseñado un modelo que permita la financiación de la publicación en acceso abierto de los libros editados. El modelo se basa principalmente en: La definición de un contrato de edición con los autores que contempla un embargo máximo de 3 años antes de publicar el libro en acceso abiert

Cockroach gut microbiota dynamics in response to a periodic antibiotic treatment

Resumen del trabajo presentado a la VII Biennial Congress of Sociedad Española de Biología Evolutiva (SEBE), celebrada en Sevilla (España) del 5 al 7 de febrero de 2020.Gut microbiota is one of the most important microbial communities associated with animals. In insects, it is known that it is involved in different features of the host metabolism, such as vitamin supply, protections against pathogens, food digestion, among others. In general, it has been found that the most predominant phyla are Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Spirochaetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. Although insects harbor a gut microbiota less diverse that mammals, social insects such as termites, bees or cockroaches are the exception, exhibiting a complex and enriched one, the function of which is still under intense research, mainly in cockroaches. It is also known that antibiotic’s treatment alter the composition and function of the microbial ecosystem. In the present work, we have carried out an extensive experiment in which populations of the German cockroach Blattella germanica were treated periodically (three periods of ten days sparsed during one hundred days) with kanamycin during one generation. We evaluated the antibiotic effect in the microbiota composition by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene (Illumina) as well as in several components of host fitness (i.e., weight, fecundity and mortality). We found up to five different behaviors associated to different bacterial taxa throughout the time, some of which can be correlated with changes in the fitness.Peer reviewe

Gut’s microbiota role in the degradation of alkaloids in the lily borer

Resumen del póster presentado al XLII Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Genética, celebrado de forma virtual del 14 al 18 de junio de 2021.Brithys crini, the lily borer, feeds exclusively on a toxic plant, Pancratium maritimum. In most insects, the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the nutrition and protection of the host using enzymes that are exclusive of prokaryotes. The gut microbiome of B. crini can resist the toxicity of the plant's secondary metabolites by degrading or expelling them through efflux pumps. We sequenced the 16S rRNA gene of the microbiota of 114 specimens of B. crini including two regions of the gut, the midgut and hindgut, and predicted the samples' functional profiles using the PICRUSt2 software. We examined the dynamics of the gut microbiota diversity, composition and potential functions of this insect over three consecutive years and the four corresponding seasons. We found that the insect’s core bacteria comprises a small group that belongs mainly to Proteobacteria, the most abundant phylum in Lepidoptera. Interestingly, in our samples, this phylum is the primary carrier of the enzymes related to detoxification and secondary metabolites' degradation such as alkaloids. Despite striking differences in physicochemical properties among the two gut regions evaluated, we found no significant differences regarding bacterial diversity and functional profiles. It indicates that the B. crini’s gut is colonized by generalist species that adapt to a wide range of environments. Moreover, the gut microbiota diversity and metabolic capabilities showed significant variations through the seasons and years studied. In this regard, climatic variables related to the seasons, such as temperature and precipitation, also influence the bacterial community’s diversity. These results show that the external environment exerts an unexpected influence in shaping the ecology of the gut microbiota of B. crini.This work was supported by grant PROMETEO/2018/133 (Generalitat Valenciana)-Peer reviewe

Temporal variations shape the gut microbiome ecology of the moth Brithys crini

Most insects harbour associated microbial communities contributing to host physiology, in some cases specialized to allow them to live in recalcitrant environments. However, from insects, Lepidoptera microbiomes' stability and metabolism are poorly understood. One example is the noctuid moth Brithys crini that feeds on a plant rich in alkaloids, and neither the associated microbial communities dynamics over time nor role in secondary metabolism has been deeply explored. Here, through 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing, combined with functional prediction, we characterized in-depth the midgut and hindgut bacterial composition of this species larvae by sampling it over 3 years (n = 114). The gut-microbiota in this insect is significantly shaped by temporal and environmental changes affecting the host-plant dynamics over time. Specifically, different time scales (year, season, and collection date) and associated climatic variables as temperature or precipitation strongly influence the diversity, composition and metabolic capabilities of B. crini’s gut microbial communities. Despite the physicochemical difference of the midgut and hindgut in Lepidoptera, no variations in diversity and functions were found pointing to a generalist capacity of the gut microbiota or a constant microbial acquirement from the host plant environment. We also found microbial candidate genes potentially involved in plant environment detoxification through a predictive functional approach that needs further investigation for bioremediation and ecological applications.This work was supported by grants to A.L. from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PGC2018-099344-B-I00), and to A.M. from Generalitat Valenciana (project Prometeo/2018/133), and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). A.E.P.-C. is recipient of a Grant for the Attraction of Talent within the Comunidad de Madrid (grant number 2019-T2/BMD-12874).Peer reviewe

Análisis de la carga de trabajo y cálculo de la ratio enfermera-paciente en cuidados intensivos en pacientes tratados con hipotermia tras parada cardiaca extrahospitalaria

Introduction. During the last few years, new measures and treatments have been implemented in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, among them: therapeutic hypothermia, for its neuroprotective effect. These changes are not accompanied by a new calculation of nursing workload. Dirección para correspondencia Servicio de Medicina Intensiva Hospital Clínico Universitario Lozano Blesa C/ San Juan Bosco, 15 50009 Zaragoza Correo electrónico: [email protected] 44 / Enfermería en Cardiología. 2019; Año XXVI (76) ARTÍCULOS CIENTÍFICOS Objective. To evaluate the workload of the nursing staff in connection with patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest who have been treated with therapeutic hypothermia. Material and methods. Retrospective cohort study analyzing prospectively collected data in a Coronary Unit. Included therein are all patients admitted for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest during 2015 and 2016, whether treated with therapeutic hypothermia or not, as well as a patient control group with acute coronary syndrome who had not suffered from cardiac arrest. Nursing workloads are calculated with the aid of those scales most frequently used in intensive care: TISS28 and NEMS, which quantify workload in relation with patient‘s gravity, and NAS and VACTE®, which measure health effort regardless of pathologies. Finally, nurse/patient ratios are calculated for each group studied. Results. Eighty eight patients were included, out of which 30 had suffered from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, 13 of them having been treated with therapeutic hypothermia and 17 having not, and 58 assigned to the control group. The group of patients with cardiorespiratory arrest having been treated with therapeutic hypothermia showed a greater workload in all scales used. TISS28, NEMS and NAS scales showed a good correlation with respect to VACTE© (r > 0.80; R2 > 0.75). Conclusions. Patients with recovered out-of-hospital cardiorespiratory arrest having been treated with therapeutic hypothermia present important nursing workloads, as they need a nurse/patient ratio of 1:1.Introducción. Durante estos últimos años en los pacientes con parada cardiaca extrahospitalaria se han implementado nuevas medidas y tratamientos entre ellos: hipotermia terapéutica por su efecto neuroprotector. Estos cambios no se han visto correspondidos con un nuevo cálculo de cargas de trabajo enfermero. Objetivo: valorar la carga de trabajo del personal de enfermería de pacientes con parada cardiaca extrahospitalaria tratados con hipotermia terapéutica. Material y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo de cohortes analizando datos recogidos de forma prospectiva en una Unidad Coronaria. Se incluyen todos los pacientes ingresados por parada cardiaca extrahospitalaria durante los años 2015 y 2016, tratados con hipotermia terapéutica o no, grupo control pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo que no habían sufrido parada cardiaca. Se calculan cargas de trabajo de enfermería mediante las escalas más utilizadas en cuidados intensivos: TISS28 y NEMS, que cuantifican cargas de trabajo en relación a la gravedad del paciente, y NAS y VACTE®, que miden el esfuerzo asistencial con independencia de patologías. Finalmente se calculan ratios enfermera paciente de cada grupo estudiado. Resultados. Se incluyeron 88 pacientes, 30 habían sufrido parada cardiaca extrahospitalaria, 13 tratados con hipotermia terapéutica y 17 no, el grupo control contó con 58 pacientes. El grupo de pacientes con parada cardiorrespiratoria tratados con hipotermia terapéutica mostró mayor carga de trabajo en todas las escalas utilizadas. Las escalas TISS28, NEMS y NAS mostraron una buena correlación respecto de VACTE© (r > 0,80; R2 > 0,75). Conclusiones. Los pacientes con parada cardiorrespiratoria extrahospitalaria recuperada tratados con hipotermia terapéutica presentan cargas de trabajo de enfermería importantes precisando una ratio enfermera-paciente de 1: