Towards an integrative, eco-evolutionary understanding of ecological novelty: studying and communicating interlinked effects of global change

Global change has complex eco-evolutionary consequences for organisms and ecosystems, but related concepts (e.g., novel ecosystems) do not cover their full range. Here we propose an umbrella concept of “ecological novelty” comprising (1) a site-specific and (2) an organism-centered, eco-evolutionary perspective. Under this umbrella, complementary options for studying and communicating effects of global change on organisms, ecosystems, and landscapes can be included in a toolbox. This allows researchers to address ecological novelty from different perspectives, e.g., by defining it based on (a) categorical or continuous measures, (b) reference conditions related to sites or organisms, and (c) types of human activities. We suggest striving for a descriptive, non-normative usage of the term “ecological novelty” in science. Normative evaluations and decisions about conservation policies or management are important, but require additional societal processes and engagement with multiple stakeholders

Exkursionen

Laarmann M, Must T, eds. Exkursionen. Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen . 2021;2(2)

Themenheft Demokratiebildung

Sauer J, Doepner T, Laarmann M, eds. Themenheft Demokratiebildung. Latein und Griechisch in NRW (LGNRW). Draft;4(1)

Themenheft: Tag der offenen Tür

Inhalt des Themenheftes Römertage Schnupperhefte: „Buddybooks“ Digitale Präsentationen Perspektiven für den Griechischunterricht Wettbewerbe Pro & Contra Rezensionen Gedankensplitte

Free-Electron Laser Multiplex Driven by a Superconducting Linear Accelerator

Free-electron lasers (FELs) generate femtosecond XUV and X-ray pulses at peak powers in the gigawatt range. The FEL user facility FLASH at DESY (Hamburg, Germany) is driven by a superconducting linear accelerator with up to 8000 pulses per second. Since 2014, two parallel undulator beamlines, FLASH1 and FLASH2, have been in operation. In addition to the main undulator, the FLASH1 beamline is equipped with an undulator section, sFLASH, dedicated to research and development of fully coherent extreme ultraviolet photon pulses using external seed lasers. In this contribution, the first simultaneous lasing of the three FELs at 13.4 nm, 20 nm and 38.8 nm is presented

Measurements of the Timing Stability at the FLASH1 Seeding Experiment

For seeding of a free-electron laser, the spatial and temporal overlap of the seed laser pulse and the electron bunch in the modulator is critical. To establish the temporal overlap, the time difference between pulses from the seed laser and spontaneous undulator radiation is reduced to a few pico-seconds with a combination of a photomultiplier tube and a streak camera. Finally, for the precise overlap the impact of the seed laser pulses on the electron bunches is observed. In this contribution, we describe the current experimental setup, discuss the techniques applied to establish the temporal overlap and analyze its stability