Rendimento e qualidade industrial de cultivares de trigo submetido à formas de parcelamento da adubação nitrogenada

Wheat is a winter cereal important for farm in the crop rotation scheme and, primarily to generate income. Nitrogen is the nutrient most required for the culture and is largely responsible for the yield and the composition of industrial breadmaking quality. The management of this nutrient is of paramount importance to provide N in all stages of the plant, being necessary to apply it in installments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of split nitrogen fertilization on grain yield and quality of two cultivars of bread wheat. Experiments were conducted in Pato Branco and Curitibanos in randomized block designer in a factorial scheme with three replications. Two bread wheat and 11 forms installment of nitrogen fertilization + control without N. Were used the cultivars BRS Gralha Azul and Quartzo. Was parceled 100 kg N ha-1 following: 100-00-00, 00-100-00, 00-60-40, 00-70-30, 00-80- 20, 60-00-40, 70-00-30, 80-00-20, 50-50-00, 70-30-00, 30-70-00, in double ring, terminal spyke and booting stages, respectively. Were evaluated the morphological characters, yield components, grain yield, Falker chlorophyll index, nitrogen content in plant tissue quality and industrial bakery. In both evaluation sites occurred drought stress on crop development. Grain yield and wheat baking quality were little influenced by split nitrogen fertilization, especially in lanes that showed high levels of organic matter in soil. The BRS Gralha Azul produced a high quality wheat bakery. The use of N in wheat baking quality and yield increases, but not enough to indicate the best way to answer parceling.O trigo é um cereal de inverno importante nas propriedades agrícolas no esquema de rotação de culturas e, principalmente para gerar renda. O nitrogênio é o nutriente exigido em maior quantidade pela cultura e o é grande responsável pelo rendimento de grãos e pela composição da qualidade industrial de panificação. O manejo desse nutriente é de suma importância para que se forneça N em todos os estádios da planta, sendo necessário aplicá-lo de forma parcelada. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a resposta do parcelamento da adubação nitrogenada sobre o rendimento de grãos e a qualidade de panificação de dois cultivares de trigo. Conduziram-se experimentos em Pato Branco e Curitibanos em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso em esquema bifatorial com três repetições. Foram testados dois cultivares de trigo e 11 formas de parcelamento da adubação nitrogenada + testemunha sem N. Foram utilizados os cultivares BRS Gralha Azul e Quartzo. Com exceção da testemunha, os tratamentos receberam 20 kg N ha-1 na semeadura, parcelando-se 100 kg N ha-1 da seguinte forma: 100-00-00, 00-100-00, 00-60-40, 00- 70-30, 00-80-20, 60-00-40, 70-00-30, 80-00-20, 50-50-00, 70-30-00, 30-70-00, no estádio de duplo anel, espigueta terminal e emborrachamento, respectivamente. Foram avaliados os caracteres morfológicos, componentes de rendimento, rendimento de grãos, índice de clorofila Falker, teor de nitrogênio no tecido vegetal e qualidade industrial de panificação. Nos dois locais de avaliação ocorreu estresse hídrico no desenvolvimento da cultura. O rendimento de grãos e a qualidade de panificação são pouco influenciados pelo parcelamento da adubação nitrogenada, especialmente em áreas que apresentam níveis elevados de matéria orgânica no solo. O cultivar BRS Gralha Azul produziu farinha de alta qualidade de panificação. A utilização de N na cultura do trigo aumenta o rendimento de grãos e a qualidade de panificação, porém sem resposta suficiente para indicar a melhor forma de parcelamento

Optimização e Modelização de uma Instalação Experimental para Recuperação de Energia em Redes de Distribuição de Água

O consumo de energia elétrica mundial tende a aumentar com o crescente aumento da população, portanto a produção de energia elétrica é se torna um desafio por ser necessário produzir energia de forma renovável e que gere menor impacto possível para o ambiente. Além disso, surge o outro desafio que é aproveitar o máximo de energia possível, de modo a reduzir as perdas ao máximo e assim, aumentar a eficiência do consumo. Esta dissertação surge com o intuito de realizar o aproveitamento de energia em sistemas de distribuição de água. A ideia é instalar uma bomba a funcionar como turbina (BFT) em pontos onde hoje estão instaladas válvulas reguladoras de pressão, garantindo que as ligações da rede hidráulicas pelas BFTs sejam realizadas de forma a assegurar que haja produção de energia elétrica, sendo necessário optimizar o sistema de modo que os seus componentes operem da melhor forma. Para optimização do sistema foram implementados sensores que fornecem informação de forma digital, centralizada e em tempo real. Tal controle permite que o sistema seja monitorado e controlado permitindo, assim, uma análise dos resultados obtidos de forma mais rápida e precisa. A instalação permite, de forma didática, perceber como a implementação de uma BFT em um sistema de distribuição de água ocorre. Além disso, a instalação permite ampliação, garantido que esta sirva de base para demais estudos sobre o tema.The consumption of electrical energy worldwide tends to increase with the population in-crease, therefore the production of electrical energy is a challenge because it is necessary to produce energy in a renewable way with the least possible impact on the environment. In addition, the other challenge arises, which is to make the most of the energy possible, in order to reduce losses as much as possible and thus increase consumption efficiency. This dissertation appears with the intention of making use of energy in water distribution systems. The idea is to install a pump as a turbine (PAT) in points where pressure regulating valves are installed today, ensuring that the connections of the hydraulic network by the PATs are carried out in order to ensure a production of electric energy, being necessary to optimize the system so that your components operate optimally. To optimize the system, sensors were implemented that provide information in a digital, centralized and real-time manner. Such control allows the system to be monitored and controlled, thus allowing an analysis of the results obtained more quickly and accurately. The installation allows, in a didactic way, to understand how the implementation of a PAT in a water distribution system occurs. In addition, the installation allows for expansion, ensuring that it serves as a basis for further studies on the topic

Itinerários no adoecimento pelo câncer: entre mulheres, homens e culturas

Cancer has gained increasing prominence in public health worldwide, as with each new estimate the cases increase, this is related to a population progressively more exposed to risk factors over long periods. Thus, understanding how individuals experience illness is essential to assist in the dynamics of health care. This research aims to interpret the therapeutic itineraries experienced by women and men sick with cancer. Qualitative methodology study using the theoretical framework of Medical Anthropology, being developed in the oncology unit of a public hospital that is a reference in the southern region of Brazil. 63 patients were interviewed using the indepth interview data collection technique, and the data were analyzed using the thematic analysis technique, which served as a basis for the construction of the participants' narratives. Based on the experience of the 32 men and 31 women participating, it was possible to elaborate two narratives, the first one being entitled “Female experiences in illness: submissions in treatment”, a time when women reported greater concern in the care of their health, being part of of the care performed with the use of formal knowledge ­ medical knowledge ­ and the other informal ­ common sense. While, in the second narrative, “Power x Disease: experiencing masculinity in becoming ill with cancer”, men only sought help when there was an aggravation of the disease, that is, they delayed assuming that they were ill, as this is a behavior that makes their masculinities vulnerable. Thus, the study of the therapeutic itineraries of women and men helped identify the existence of vulnerable behaviors for both, but in their singularities, where women were more vulnerable in the psychological and social dimension, while men were vulnerable because they did not recognize themselves as such. Both experiences of gender interfere in the decision­making for health care, therefore interfering in the course of illness.O câncer tem ganhado cada vez mais destaque na saúde pública mundial, pois a cada nova estimativa os casos aumentam, isso está relacionado a uma população progressivamente mais exposta a fatores de risco por longos períodos. Assim, entender como os indivíduos vivenciam o adoecimento é fundamental para auxiliar na dinamicidade do cuidado em saúde. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo, interpretar os itinerários terapêuticos vivenciados por mulheres e homens adoecidos pelo câncer. Estudo de metodologia qualitativa com o emprego do referencial teórico da Antropologia Médica, sendo desenvolvida na unidade de oncologia de um hospital público que é referência na região sul do Brasil. Foram entrevistados 63 pacientes utilizando­se a técnica de coleta de dados da entrevista em profundidade, e os dados foram analisados com a técnica de análise temática, esta que serviu de base para a construção das narrativas dos participantes. A partir da experiência dos 32 homens e 31 mulheres participantes, foi possível elaborar duas narrativas, sendo a primeira intitulada de “Experiências femininas no adoecimento: submissões no tratamento”, momento em que as mulheres relataram maior preocupação no cuidado à sua saúde, sendo parte do cuidado realizado com uso do conhecimento formal – saber médico – e outro o informal – senso comum. Enquanto, na segunda narrativa, “Poder x Doença: vivenciando a masculinidade no adoecimento pelo câncer”, os homens só buscaram auxílio quando houve o agravo da doença, ou seja, protelaram assumirem­se adoecidos, pois isso é um comportamento vulnerabilizador de suas masculinidades. Sendo assim, o estudo dos itinerários terapêuticos de mulheres e homens propiciaram identificar a existência de comportamentos vulneráveis para ambos, porém em suas singularidades, onde as mulheres estavam mais vulneráveis na dimensão psicológica e social, enquanto os homens estavam vulneráveis por não se reconhecerem como tal. Ambas as experiências de gênero interferem na tomada de decisão para o cuidado em saúde, logo interferem no curso do adoecimento

Performance Evaluation Analysis of Spark Streaming Backpressure for Data-Intensive Pipelines

A significant rise in the adoption of streaming applications has changed the decisionmaking processes in the last decade. This movement has led to the emergence of several Big Data technologies for in-memory processing, such as the systems Apache Storm, Spark, Heron, Samza, Flink, and others. Spark Streaming, a widespread open-source implementation, processes data-intensive applications that often require large amounts of memory. However, Spark Unified Memory Manager cannot properly manage sudden or intensive data surges and their related inmemory caching needs, resulting in performance and throughput degradation, high latency, a large number of garbage collection operations, out-of-memory issues, and data loss. This work presents a comprehensive performance evaluation of Spark Streaming backpressure to investigate the hypothesis that it could support data-intensive pipelines under specific pressure requirements. The results reveal that backpressure is suitable only for small and medium pipelines for stateless and stateful applications. Furthermore, it points out the Spark Streaming limitations that lead to in-memory-based issues for data-intensive pipelines and stateful applications. In addition, the work indicates potential solutions.N/

Surface applied lime dynamics and base saturation index in a consolidated no-tillage area

The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of chemical properties and crop yields during five years after liming, in a consolidated no-tillage system area and indicate a base saturation index to serve as a criterion for recommendation. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four repetitions, being the treatments the five lime doses (0, 2.4, 4.8, 7.2 and 9.6 Mg ha-1) applied and maintained on the soil surface. Soil chemical properties were evaluated in eight soil sampling, in the layers 0 to 0.025; 0.025 to 0.05; 0.05 to 0.10; 0.10 to 0.15; 0.15 to 0.20 and 0.20 to 0.40 m, besides crop grain yield (wheat, soybean and corn) and black oat dry matter yield, totaling five years of evaluation. The surface liming in no-tillage system increased the exchangeable magnesium and calcium contents, base saturation and soil pH and reduced the exchangeable aluminum content. The cumulative grain yield (six crops) and black oat dry matter yield (three crops) was not influenced by liming. These results suggested, from this study conditions, that the value of 50% of base saturation should be adopted as a criterion for liming for crops implanted under consolidated no-tillage systems.The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavior of chemical properties and crop yields during five years after liming, in a consolidated no-tillage system area and indicate a base saturation index to serve as a criterion for recommendation. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four repetitions, being the treatments the five lime doses (0, 2.4, 4.8, 7.2 and 9.6 Mg ha-1) applied and maintained on the soil surface. Soil chemical properties were evaluated in eight soil sampling, in the layers 0 to 0.025; 0.025 to 0.05; 0.05 to 0.10; 0.10 to 0.15; 0.15 to 0.20 and 0.20 to 0.40 m, besides crop grain yield (wheat, soybean and corn) and black oat dry matter yield, totaling five years of evaluation. The surface liming in no-tillage system increased the exchangeable magnesium and calcium contents, base saturation and soil pH and reduced the exchangeable aluminum content. The cumulative grain yield (six crops) and black oat dry matter yield (three crops) was not influenced by liming. These results suggested, from this study conditions, that the value of 50% of base saturation should be adopted as a criterion for liming for crops implanted under consolidated no-tillage systems

Acute Effects of Different Set Configurations on Neuromuscular, Metabolic, and Perceptual Responses in Young Women

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(4): 974-986, 2023. We compared neuromuscular, metabolic, and perceptual responses between different resistance training configurations in young women. In a counterbalanced randomized order, 13 young women performed the following protocols in separate sessions (sets x repetitions): traditional (TRAD): 5x10, 90-s of rest interval between sets; more frequent and shorter total rest (FSR): 10x5, 30-s of rest interval between sets. The sessions were composed of leg press exercise with the same intensity. Force (maximum voluntary isometric contraction [MVIC]) and metabolic (lactate concentration) responses were measured pre- and post-resistance training sessions. The rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was measured after each set. The internal training load was calculated using the session-RPE method. There was a significant reduction in the MVIC only after TRAD configuration (Effect size [ES] = 0.36). The lactate concentration increased in both conditions but was higher after TRAD (ES = 2.81) than FSR (ES = 1.23). The RPE has progressively increased in both configurations. On the other hand, the internal training load was lower in the FSR configuration. From our findings, we suggest that more frequent and shorter total rest is an effective strategy for maintaining the ability to produce force, generating less metabolic stress and lower perceived internal load in young women

The Generality of Strength: Relationship between Different Measures of Muscular Strength in Older Women

International Journal of Exercise Science 13(3): 1638-1649, 2020. The aims of this study were: (i) to analyze the relationship between the performance of different measures of muscular strength, and (ii) to identify which measurements present a greater relationship with an overall strength score. Sixty older women (aged 69 ± 6 years) were submitted to muscular strength measurements from isotonic, isokinetic, and isometric tests. An overall-strength score was generated with z-scores of the values obtained in all tests. Interquartile intervals were created for each measure and the overall-strength score. Pearson’s r (0.463-0.951, p \u3c 0.05) and Cronbach’s α (0.500-0.966) suggested that subjects had relatively similar strength performance compared to their peers in the different tests. Greater associations were observed between tests for similar tasks. In addition, strong-magnitude associations were revealed between all the tests and the overall-strength score (r = 0.710-0.806; α = 0.760-0.846). Factor analysis identified that only two principal components may be sufficient to explain the strength of the sample. All strength measures had high loadings (0.716-0.916) on a common factor with 1 component. The associated eigenvalue with 2 components was 6.8 (84% of the variance). The present results support the phenomenon of the generality of strength in older women. Although greater correlations were observed for tests performed at the same joint, movement, or type of muscular action, the eight tests satisfactorily represented a measure of general muscular strength cross-sectionally

The effects of carbohydrate intake on body composition and muscular strength in trained men undergoing a progressive resistance training

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(2): 267-280, 2023. This study\u27s purpose was to compare the effects of different carbohydrate (CHO) intakes on body composition and muscular strength following eight weeks of resistance training (RT) in pre-conditioned men. In addition, we explored the individual responses to different CHO intakes. Twenty-nine young men volunteered to participate in this study. The participants were divided into two groups according to their relative CHO intake: lower (L-CHO; n = 14) and higher (H-CHO; n = 15). Participants performed a RT program four days a week for eight weeks. The lean soft tissue (LST) and fat mass were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Muscular strength was determined by a one-repetition maximum (1RM) test in the bench press, squat, and arm curl exercises. Both groups increased LST (P \u3c 0.05) with no statistical differences between conditions (L-CHO = +0.8% vs. H-CHO = +3.5%). Neither group demonstrated changes in fat mass. Both groups increased 1RM (P \u3c 0.05) in the bench press (L-CHO = +3.6% vs. H-CHO = +5.8%) and squat (L-CHO = +7.5% vs. H-CHO = +9.4%); however, only H-CHO significantly increased arm curl 1RM (P \u3c 0.05) at post-training (L-CHO = +3.0% vs. H-CHO = +6.6%). Responsiveness was greater in H-CHO vs. L-CHO for LST and arm curl 1RM. In conclusion, lower and higher CHO intakes promote similar increase in LST and muscular strength; however, a greater intake may improve the responsiveness to gains in lean mass and arm curl strength in pre-conditioned men

Tecnologia da informação e gestão do conhecimento: estratégia de competitividade nas organizações/ Information technology and knowledge management: competitiveness strategy in organizations

O uso da Gestao do conhecimento (GC) e da Tecnologia da Informação (TI) como estratégia de competitividade pode contribuir na criação, transferência e uso do conhecimento nas organizações. Nesse contexto, esse trabalho objetivou conhecer o panorama dos estudos cientificos sobre GC e a TI na base de dados Scopus. Os procedimentos metodológicos adotados foram: pesquisa descritiva, bibliográfica e abordagem qualitativa. A busca sistematica foi realizada na base de dados Scopus, no período de 2010 a 2018. Como resultado, a TI foi considerada como a grande habilitadora da GC, com influência direta no manejo do conhecimento, contribuindo para a sobrevivência das organizações em ambientes altamente competitivos, sendo necessário escolher a estratégia correta para utilizar as duas áreas conjuntamente, não havendo no momento uma solução genérica para as organizações

Cover crops affect the partial nitrogen balance in a maize-forage cropping system

Part of the nitrogen (N) fertilizer applied to crops is lost to the environment, contributing to global warming, eutrophication, and groundwater contamination. However, low N supply stimulates soil organic N turnover and carbon (C) loss, since the soil N/C ratio in soil is quasi-constant, ultimately resulting in land degradation. Grasses such as ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis) grown as winter pasture or a cover crop in rotation with maize (Zea mays) can reduce N leaching, however, this may induce N deficiency and depress yields in the subsequent maize crop. Despite the potential to decrease N loss, this rotation may negatively affect the overall N balance of the cropping system. However, this remains poorly quantified. To test this hypothesis, maize, fertilized with zero to 210 kg N ha−1, was grown after ruzigrass, palisade grass (Urochloa brizanta) and Guinea grass (Pannicum maximum), and the N inputs, outputs and partial N balance determined. Despite the intrinsically poor soil quality associated with the tropical Ultisol, maize grown after the grasses was efficient in acquiring N, resulting in a negative N balance even when 210 kg ha−1 of N was applied after Guinea grass. Losses by leaching, N2O emission and NH3 volatilization did not exceed 13.8 kg ha−1 irrespective of the grass type. Despite a similar N loss among grasses, Guinea grass resulted in a higher N export in the maize grain due to a higher yield, resulting in a more negative N balance. Soil N depletion can lead to C loss, which can result in land degradation