Performance Analysis of Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (spiht) Algorithm for a Family of Wavelets Used in Color Image Compression

With the spurt in the amount of data (Image, video, audio, speech, & text) available on the net, there is a huge demand for memory & bandwidth savings. One has to achieve this, by maintaining the quality & fidelity of the data acceptable to the end user. Wavelet transform is an important and practical tool for data compression. Set partitioning in hierarchal trees (SPIHT) is a widely used compression algorithm for wavelet transformed images. Among all wavelet transform and zero-tree quantization based image compression algorithms SPIHT has become the benchmark state-of-the-art algorithm because it is simple to implement & yields good results. In this paper we present a comparative study of various wavelet families for image compression with SPIHT algorithm. We have conducted experiments with Daubechies, Coiflet, Symlet, Bi-orthogonal, Reverse Bi-orthogonal and Demeyer wavelet types. The resulting image quality is measured objectively, using peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and subjectively, using perceived image quality (human visual perception, HVP for short). The resulting reduction in the image size is quantified by compression ratio (CR)

Automatic detection of powerlines in UAV remote sensed images

Powerline detection is one of the important applications of Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle (UAV ) based remote sensing. In this paper, powerlines are detected from UAV remote sensed images. The images are acquired from a Quad rotor UAV fitted with a GoPro® camera. In the proposed method pixel intensity-based clustering is performed followed by morphological operations. K-means clustering is applied for clustering. The number of clusters to be used in k-means clustering is automatically generated using Davies-Bouldin (DB) index. Further, the clustered data is processed to improvise the extraction using mathematical morphological operations. Performance of powerline extraction is analysed using confusion matrix method. In the observed results of powerline extraction using DB index, evaluation features derived from confusion matrix is close to one, indicating good classification

Efficacy of fungicide ‘Kavach’ against Beauveria bassiana L. in silkworm Bombyx mori L.

Silkworm Bombyx mori L. is prone to be attacked by pathogen and more notably Beauveria bassiana L. Bed disinfectant Kavach was inoculated in different dosages (0.2%-1.6%) to IV and V instar silkworms of both bivoltine and cross breeds. Potency of disinfectant was assessed for the parameters such as survivability, larval duration, physiological, chemo and bio-assay tests. It was revealed that, bivoltine (NB4D2) silkworms were highly susceptible to diseases compared to cross breeds (PMxNB4D2). In bivoltine silkworms, survivability was found to be 61.15% at 1.6% of Kavach, when dusted twice during IV and V instar and crossbreed silkworms exhibited better resistance of 63.10% with the same treatments. Kavach treated silkworms showed decreased larval duration compared to control worms. Crossbreed silkworms were capable of maintaining high level of soluble proteins in spite of infection on 3rd day (17.40%), 4th day (20.50%) and 5th day (21.55%) whereas in bivoltine silkworms soluble protein level was brought down on 3rd day (19.30%), 4th day (22.40%) and 5th day (23.40%). Total soluble sugarsvaried from third day till fifth day in both the races. Kavach dusted twice at 1% proved to be very useful in the improvement of various commercial cocoons characters

Controllability of Matrix Sylvester System and Sylvester Integro-differential System

In the present article, Sylvester matrix first order differential system and matrix first order integro-differential system are studied. A set of sufficient conditions for controllability and complete controllability of the system is presented. As a necessary tool, a variation of parameter formula is developed for the non-linear Sylvester system.Исследованы дифференциальные и интегро-дифференциальные матричные системы Сильвестра первого порядка. Представлен набор достаточных условий управляемости и полной управляемости систем. Как необходимый инструмент для нелинейной системы Сильвестра получена разновидность параметрической формулы.Досліджено диференціальні та інтегро-диференціальні матричні системи Сильвестра першого порядку. Наведено набір достатніх умов керованості та повної керованості систем. Як необхідний інструмент для нелінійної системи Сильвестра отримано різновид параметричної формули

SIFT-FANN: An efficient framework for spatio-spectral fusion of satellite images

Image fusion techniques are widely used for remote sensing data. A special application is for using low resolution multi-spectral image with high resolution panchromatic image to obtain an image having both spectral and spatial information. Alignment of images to be fused is a step prior to image fusion. This is achieved by registering the images. This paper proposes the methods involving Fast Approximate Nearest Neighbor (FANN) for automatic registration of satellite image (reference image) prior to fusion of low spatial resolution multi-spectral QuickBird satellite image (sensed image) with high spatial resolution panchromatic QuickBird satellite image. In the registration steps, Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) is used to extract key points from both images. The keypoints are then matched using the automatic tuning algorithm, namely, FANN. This algorithm automatically selects the most appropriate indexing algorithm for the dataset. The indexed features are then matched using approximate nearest neighbor. Further, Random Sample Consensus (RanSAC) is used for further filtering to obtain only the inliers and co-register the images. The images are then fused using Intensity Hue Saturation (IHS) transform based technique to obtain a high spatial resolution multi-spectral image. The results show that the quality of fused images obtained using this algorithm is computationally efficient

Control of Time Scale Dynamical Systems with an Application to Concurrency Control for Real-time Database Systems

Main objective in this paper is to unify results on controllability and observability on time scales and deduce the results of classical theory as a particular case and then resolve the time constraints on concurrency control by incorporating jump operators on time scale dynamical systems.Обобщены результаты исследований управляемости и наблюдаемости при масштабировании во времени. Получены результаты классической теории как частного случая, при этом устранены ограничения по времени при параллельном управлении операторами перехода для динамических масштабируемых систем.Узагальнено результати досліджень керованості та спостережуваності при масштабуванні за часом. Отримано результати класичної теорії як окремого випадку, при цьому усунуто обмеження за часом при паралельному керуванні операторами переходу для динамічних систем, що масштабуються

Study of the Surface Integrity and Heat Measurement of Hard Turning of Hard Chrome Coated EN24 Substrate

AbstractThe principal aim of this paper is to hard turn the hard chrome plated EN24 substrate using TiAlN coated PcBN inserts. The variables used for the experimentations are the spindle speed, feed, depth of cut, nose radius and cutting edge angle. EN24 substrate was coated with hexavalent chrome to a thickness of 170μm. The surface hardness before and after hard turning of hard chrome plated surfaces were studied. The temperature developed on the insert, workpiece and chips were studied in the present investigation. An experiment was carried out to determine the maximum heat development on the insert. The experimental results revealed that the maximum heat was observed at 2mm from the cutting edge on the top diagonal. The images obtained from the confocal microscope and scanning electron microscope discovered the nature of fracture of the chips from the work surfaces

The effect of stripe domain structure on dynamic permeability of thin ferromagnetic films with out-of-plane uniaxial anisotropy

The permeability is calculated for a thin ferromagnetic film with the stripe domain structure and out-of-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. Analytical expressions for the frequency dependence of components of permeability tensor are derived with the use of the Smit-Beljers method, with the thickness of domain walls and the domain wall motion being neglected. The effect of the domain width and the angle between the anisotropy axis and the film plane on the frequency dependence of the permeability is analyzed. General equations relating the static permeability components and the ferromagnetic resonance frequencies are found. The results of the approach are applied to the derivation of the constraint for the microwave permeability of thin ferromagnetic films. The analysis of the constraint as a function of the axis deviation angle, the domain aspect ratio and the damping parameter allows the conditions to be found for maximal microwave permeability. The results obtained may be useful in connection with the problem of developing high-permeable microwave magnetic materials.Comment: 22 pages, 6 figure

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362