Escala de evaluación del tipo y fase de la violencia de género

XV Jornades de Foment de la Investigació de la FCHS (Any 2009-2010

Construcción de la Escala de evaluación del tipo y fase del maltratador (EETFM)

XVI Jornades de Foment de la Investigació (Any 2011)En la actualidad, la violencia de género es una lacra social muy extendida y arraigada en nuestra sociedad. Este problema, educacional, de creencias, económico y de comportamiento se debe de investigar para aportar una solución. El comportamiento del maltratador es la causa de la violencia contra la mujer, siendo ésta la consecuencia del comportamiento del maltratador. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es la construcción de una Escala de Evaluación del Tipo y Fase del Maltrato (EETFM). La escala contiene 37 ítems que miden las creencias y pautas de comportamiento y educacionales relacionadas con los maltratadores. En este trabajo, presentamos los principales datos y el procedimiento para construir esta escala evaluativa

Validez factorial y fiabilidad de la Escala de Evaluación del Perfil y la Fase de la Violencia del Maltratador (EEPFVM)

El presente estudio constituye un intento de identificar aquellos rasgos sociales, psicológicos y/o comportamentales de los maltratadores domésticos capaces de situar a su víctima en peligro de muerte. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal medir, analizar y explorar los comportamientos, las creencias, y las actitudes de los maltratadores que se encuentran en los centros penitenciarios de la Comunidad Valenciana. Una muestra de 34 participantes fueron entrevistados mediante la Escala de Evaluación del Perfil y la Fase de la Violencia del Maltratador (eepfv m). Se realiza un anàlisis factorial exploratorio con el que se obtuvienen dos variables latentes que hemos denominad sometimiento y control e inestabiliad. Estas variables permitirán detectar diferencias en variables clave del comportamiento delictivo de los maltratadores, los resultados muestran diferencias significativas entre los maltratadores homicidas y los no homicidas.The present study attempts to identify those social, psychological or behavioural traits in home abusers which might situate the victim in mortal danger. This work aims to measure, analyze and explore the behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes of abusers who are in Penitentiaries Centers of the Valencianish Community. The sample of 34 participants was interviewed using the scale «Abuser Violence Prolife and Phase Assessment Scale» (eepfv m). An exploratory factorial analysis was conducted, which showed two latent variables that we have called «submission and control» and «instability». These variables allow detecting differences in key variables in the criminal behavior of the abusers, the results show significant differences between homicidal and not homicidal abuser

Variables sociodemográficas relacionadas con la violencia de género en una muestra clínica (N=40)

XVI Jornades de Foment de la Investigació (Any 2011)La violencia contra la mujer, desafortunadamente, sigue realizándose en la actualidad. La mujer afectada por este tipo de violencia, vive en situación de maltrato demasiado larga. El objetivo principal de este estudio piloto es conocer si existen diferencias entre los posibles factores que conforman el cuestionario, confeccionado el año anterior: “Evaluación del tipo y fase de la violencia de género” (EETFVG), en relación con diferentes variables sociodemográficas consideradas en el estudio como son: tipo de maltrato sufrido; lugar de nacimiento; lugar de residencia, apoyo social; apoyo familiar; creencias y edad de estas mujeres. Los resultados indican variabilidad en cuanto al perfil sociodemográfico de estas mujeres. En este sentido, concluimos que las variables sociodemgráficas y las variables medidas mediante el cuestionario están relacionados

Incidencia del apoyo social y familiar en mujeres maltratadas y hombres maltratadores

El apoyo social y familiar es un factor fundamental en nuestro entorno. En el escenario que rodea un maltrato, tanto la persona que lo sufre como quien lo realiza necesitan este tipo de apoyo. Se ha demostrado que saber que se cuenta con personas cercanas puede representar una diferencia abismal en la resolución de los problemas que se presentan en la vida diaria, pero, pese a que las diferencias de género en las relaciones interpersonales son evidentes a lo largo de todo el ciclo vital, sugiriendo , como indica Belle (1987) que mujeres y hombres difieren en las formas en que participan en las relaciones sociales y en los recursos que buscan en tales relaciones, las diferencias de género en apoyo social no han sido muy estudiadas y por ello aún persisten muchas cuestiones y áreas por explorar; por eso, mediante un estudio empírico cuya muestra fue tomada entre 34 presos de distintas cárceles y 40 mujeres maltratadas pertenecientes a diversos centros penitenciarios de la Comunidad Valenciana pretendemos estudiar en qué medida existe o no apoyo social y/o familiar y, por último, observar en qué aspectos se produce la incidencia de las variables «apoyo familiar» y «apoyo social» en el comportamiento, actitudes y creencias de ambos colectivos.Support is a key factor in our environment. In situations of abuse, both the abuser and the abused suffer need family and social support. It has been shown that people close to them can make a huge difference in the resolution of problems that arise in everyday life, but, gender differences in interpersonal relationships are evident throughout the life cycle, suggesting that women and men differ in the ways they participate in social relations and resources in seeking such relationships (Belle, 1987). Gender differences in social support have not been studied and therefore there are still many issues and areas to explore. We performed an empirical study in which the sample was taken from 34 different prison inmates and 40 women from various Prisons of Valencia. We analyzed to what extent that social support and / or familial was present, and analyzed which aspects occurred in each incidence of variables «family support» and «social support» in behavior, attitudes and beliefs of both groups

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Cord Blood from Growth Restricted Fetuses with Doppler Alteration Compared to Adequate for Gestational Age Fetuses

Background and Objectives: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a severe obstetric disease characterized by a low fetal size entailing a set of undesired consequences. For instance, previous studies have noticed a worrisome association between FGR with an abnormal neurodevelopment. However, the precise link between FGR and neurodevelopmental alterations are not yet fully understood yet. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a critical neurotrophin strongly implicated in neurodevelopmental and other neurological processes. In addition, serum levels of BDNF appears to be an interesting indicator of pathological pregnancies, being correlated with the neonatal brain levels. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the blood levels of BDNF in the cord blood from fetuses with FGR in comparison to those with weight appropriate for gestational age (AGA). Materials and Methods: In this study, 130 subjects were recruited: 91 in group A (AGA fetuses); 39 in group B (16 FGR fetuses with exclusively middle cerebral artery (MCA) pulsatility index (PI) 95th percentile). Serum levels of BDNF were determined through ELISA reactions in these groups. Results: Our results show a significant decrease in cord blood levels of BDNF in FGR and more prominently in those with UA PI >95th percentile in comparison to AGA. FGR fetuses with exclusively decreased MCA PI below the 5th percentile also show reduced levels of BDNF than AGA, although this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Overall, our study reports a potential pathophysiological link between reduced levels of BDNF and neurodevelopmental alterations in fetuses with FGR. However, further studies should be conducted in those FGR subjects with MCA PI < 5th percentile in order to understand the possible implications of BDNF in this group.Depto. de Salud Pública y Materno - InfantilFac. de MedicinaTRUEUnión EuropeaComunidad de MadridInstituto de Salud Carlos IIIHalekulani S.LFundación Santiago Dexeus Fontpu

Influence of Cerebral Vasodilation on Blood Reelin Levels in Growth Restricted Fetuses

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is one of the most important obstetric pathologies. It is frequently caused by placental insufficiency. Previous studies have shown a relationship between FGR and impaired new-born neurodevelopment, although the molecular mechanisms involved in this association have not yet been completely clarified. Reelin is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein involved in development of neocortex, hippocampus, cerebellum and spinal cord. Reelin has been demonstrated to play a key role in regulating perinatal neurodevelopment and to contribute to the emergence and development of various psychiatric pathologies, and its levels are highly influenced by pathological conditions of hypoxia. The purpose of this article is to study whether reelin levels in new-borns vary as a function of severity of fetal growth restriction by gestational age and sex. We sub-grouped fetuses in: normal weight group (Group 1, n = 17), FGR group with normal umbilical artery Doppler and cerebral redistribution at middle cerebral artery Doppler (Group 2, n = 9), and FGR with abnormal umbilical artery Doppler (Group 3, n = 8). Our results show a significant association of elevated Reelin levels in FGR fetuses with cerebral blood redistribution compared to the normal weight group and the FGR with abnormal umbilical artery group. Future research should focus on further expanding the knowledge of the relationship of reelin and its regulated products with neurodevelopment impairment in new-borns with FGR and should include larger and more homogeneous samples and the combined use of different in vivo techniques in neonates with impaired growth during their different adaptive phases

Hacia la innovación en la gestión y docencia en las asignaturas del practicum del MUPES (Máster Universitario en Profesor de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria, Bachillerato, Formación Profesional y Enseñanzas de Idiomas)

Memoria ID-0129. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2016-2017

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality