Renormalization Group Invariants in the MSSM and Its Extensions

We derive one-loop renormalization group (RG) invariant observables and analyze their phenomenological implications in the MSSM and its \mu problem solving extensions, U(1)' model and NMSSM. We show that there exist several RG invariants in the gauge, Yukawa and soft-breaking sectors of each model. In general, RG invariants are highly useful for projecting experimental data to messenger scale, for revealing correlations among the model parameters, and for probing the mechanism that breaks supersymmetry. The Yukawa couplings and trilinear soft terms in U(1)' model and NMSSM do not form RG invariants though there exist approximate invariants in low tan(beta). In the NMSSM, there are no invariants that contain the Higgs mass-squareds. We provide a comparative analysis of RG invariants in all three models and analyze their model-building and phenomenological implications by a number of case studies.Comment: 32 pages, 5 tables; extended previous analysis to include U(1)' models and NMSSM where a comparative discussion is give

Formation of Turbulent and Magnetized Molecular Clouds via Accretion Flows of HI Clouds

Using 3D MHD simulation with the effects of radiative cooling/heating, chemical reactions, and thermal conduction, we investigate the formation of molecular cloud in the ISM. We consider the formation of molecular cloud by accretion of the HI clouds as suggested in recent observations. The simulation shows that the initial HI medium is compressed and piled up behind the shock waves induced by the accretion flows. Since the initial medium is highly inhomogeneous as a consequence of the thermal instability, the formed molecular cloud becomes very turbulent owing to the development of the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability. The structure of the post shock region is composed of dense cold gas (T1,000 K), which are spatially well mixed owing to the turbulence. Because the energy source of the turbulence is the accretion flows, the turbulence is highly anisotropic biased toward the direction of accretion flows. The kinetic energy of the turbulence dominates the thermal, magnetic, and gravitational energies in the total 10 Myr evolution. However, the kinetic energy measured by using the CO-fraction-weighted density is comparable to the other energies. This suggests that the true kinetic energy of turbulence in molecular cloud as a hole can be much larger than the kinetic energy of turbulence estimated by line-width of molecular emissions. The clumps in the molecular cloud show statistically homogeneous evolution as follows: The typical plasma beta of the clumps is roughly constant ~ 0.4. The size-velocity dispersion relation show dv ~ 1.5 km s^{-1} (l/1 pc)^{0.5}, irrespective of the density. The clumps evolve toward magnetically supercritical, gravitationally unstable cores. The clumps seem to evolve into cores that satisfy the condition for fragmentation into binary. These statistical properties may provide the initial condition of star formation.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figures, submitted to The Astrophysical Journa

Suppressed supersymmetry breaking terms in the Higgs sector

We study the little hierarchy between mass parameters in the Higgs sector and other SUSY breaking masses. This type of spectrum can relieve the fine-tuning problem in the MSSM Higgs sector. Our scenario can be realized by superconformal dynamics. The spectrum in our scenario has significant implications in other phenomenological aspects like the relic abundance of the lightest neutralino and relaxation of the unbounded-from-below constraints.Comment: 14 pages, late

Microcrystalline identification of selected designer drugs

A microcrystalline test for the detection of 4-methylmethcathinone (mephedrone), benzylpiperazine (BZP) and 5,6-methylenedioxy-2-aminoindane (MDAI) using aqueous solutions of mercury chloride is described. Each of the compounds investigated formed specific drug–reagent crystals within minutes. The uniqueness of the test was confirmed by comparison of the microcrystalline response to that of other psychoactive stimulants and a common cutting agent. The limit of detection and cut-off levels for reference standards were established to 3 g/L and 5 g/L for mephedrone, 0.5 g/L for MDAI and 0.2 g/L and 0.3 g/L for BZP, respectively. Various mixtures of standards of either mephedrone, BZP or MDAI combined with caffeine were investigated for their microcrystalline response. Results showed that simultaneous detection of drug and cutting agent was possible with the concentrations tested but were dependant on the ratio of drug to cutting agent. BZP could be detected alongside caffeine from as low as 20% (v/v), MDAI from 40% (v/v) and mephedrone from 50% (v/v) and higher. Finally, seven samples of online purchased ‘legal highs’ were analysed using the developed test and the findings were compared to FTIR and GC–MS results. It was shown that 6 out of 7 samples did not contain the advertised active ingredient. Five samples consisted of BZP, caffeine and 1-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperazine (3-TFMPP). The microcrystalline tests carried out on these samples showed positive results for both BZP and caffeine without interference from other substances present

Teleportation of general finite dimensional quantum systems

Teleportation of finite dimensional quantum states by a non-local entangled state is studied. For a generally given entangled state, an explicit equation that governs the teleportation is presented. Detailed examples and the roles played by the dimensions of the Hilbert spaces related to the sender, receiver and the auxiliary space are discussed.Comment: 8 pages, Late

Influence of fluid-mechanical coupling in gas generation in undersaturated petroleum reservoirs

Among the several mechanisms of producing an oil reservoir, the gas expansion mechanism is an important primary recovery process. During the depletion of the reservoir, the pore pressure may reach values below the bubble pressure of the oil, allowing the gas release. From the geomechanical point of view, the change in pore volume, due to production, changes the dynamics of gas generation, since it is dependent upon the change in pore pressure. Studies considering the fluid-mechanical coupling show the relationship between variations of fluid pressure and porous structure of the reservoir. This work aims to study the influence of the fluid-mechanical partial coupling (one and two-way) in the process of gas release during recovery of hydrocarbon. It was used the partial coupling methodology developed by ATHENA/GTEP – PUC-Rio. The model called “A” has only one producing well, while the model called “B” has four injection wells, besides the producer. Initially, the oil present in the reservoir is in undersaturated condition. In model “A” was observed that the pressure drop of fluid is more accentuated, until it reaches the bubble pressure, when considering the two-way coupling. Consequently, the gas release initiation occurs earlier than one-way coupling scheme. After starting gas generation, the rates of pressure change in both partial coupling scenarios tend to equalize. In terms of compaction and subsidence, it was observed most significant displacements values in two-way coupling, highlighting the rigorous consideration of the geomechanical effects in the applied methodology. In model “B”, it was observed that the consideration of the two-way coupling resulted in a recovery scenario without generation of gas, unlike the results shown by the one-way coupling in which gas was generated during 40% of total simulation time. In geomechanical terms it was observed, as presented previously, that the values of vertical displacement were greater in the two-way coupling. The methodology used in this paper proved to be capable of simulating coupled process in a blackoil reservoir, as could be observed by the results. Furthermore, the use of one-way partial coupling scheme, which is widely used in the oil industry, showed results quite different in terms of gas liberation, when are compared with the two-way partial coupling scheme, which was developed in a more rigorous way

Supersymmetric Models With Tan(beta) Close to Unity

Within the framework of supersymmetric grand unification, estimates of the $b$ quark mass based on the asymptotic relation $m_b \simeq m_\tau$ single out the region with $\tan\beta$ close to unity, particularly if $m_t(m_t) \stackrel{_<}{_\sim} 170\ GeV$. We explore the radiative breaking of the electroweak symmetry and the associated sparticle and higgs spectroscopy in models with $1 < \tan\beta \stackrel{_<}{_\sim} 1.6$. The lightest scalar higgs is expected to have a mass below $100\ GeV$, while the remaining four higgs masses exceed $300\ GeV$. The lower bounds on some of the sparticle masses are within the range of LEP 200.Comment: 13 pages in plain LaTeX, BA-94-02, 15 figures (available on request

Plasma S-adenosylmethionine, DNMT polymorphisms, and peripheral blood LINE-1 methylation among healthy Chinese adults in Singapore

10.1186/1471-2407-13-389BMC Cancer13-BCMA

Intraperitoneal sertraline and fluvoxamine increase contextual fear conditioning but are without effect on overshadowing between cues

Treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) can reduce contextual conditioning. Since contexts present a variety of potentially competing cues, impaired overshadowing may provide an account of such effects. The present study therefore compared the effects of two SSRIs on overshadowing and contextual conditioning, testing suppression of an ongoing behavioral response (licking) by cues previously paired with foot shock. Conditioning to a 5s light stimulus was reduced when this was presented in compound with a 5s noise, thus overshadowing was demonstrated. In two experiments, this overshadowing was unaffected by treatment with either sertraline or fluvoxamine. However, unconditioned suppression to the noise (tested in the control group previously conditioned to the light alone) was reduced after sertraline (10mg/kg, i.p.). The successful demonstration of overshadowing required the use of a second conditioning session or an additional conditioning trial within the same conditioning session. Neither weak nor strong overshadowing (of the light by the tone) was affected by any drug treatment. Moreover, counter to prediction, conditioning to contextual cues was increased rather than impaired by treatment with sertraline (10mg/kg, i.p.) and fluvoxamine (30mg/kg, i.p.)

Alternatives to Seesaw

The seesaw mechanism is attractive not only because it "explains'' small neutrino mass, but also because of its packaging with the SUSY-GUT, leptogenesis, Dark Matter, and electroweak symmetry breaking. However, this package has the flavor, CP, and gravitino problems. I discuss two alternatives to the seesaw mechanism. In one of them, the anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking solves these problems, while predicts naturally light Dirac neutrinos. In the other, the light Majorana neutrinos arise from supersymmetry breaking with right-handed neutrinos below TeV, and the Dark Matter and collider phenomenology are significantly different.Comment: Talk at Fujihara Seminar On Neutrino Mass And Seesaw Mechanism (SEESAW 1979-2004), 23-25 Feb 2004, KEK. 14 pages, uses espcrc2.st