Qualitätsmanagement

Erwachsenbildner/innen müssen die Qualität Ihrer Arbeit überprüfbar sicherstellen und kontinuierlich verbessern. Die Autoren behandeln insbesondere das Thema Evaluation, welche einen traditionell pädagogischen Zugang zur Frage der Qualitätsentwicklung darstellt. Darüber hinaus enthält der Studientext eine Darstellung und Einschätzung überregional relevanter Qualitätsmanagement-Modelle in der bundesdeutschen Weiterbildungslandschaft. Studierende und in der Weiterbildung Tätige erhalten hierdurch eine wichtige Orientierungshilfe bei der Beurteilung und Entwicklung eigener Qualitätssicherungsverfahren.Adult educators must measurably ensure and continuously improve the quality of their work. In particular, the authors deal with the topic evaluation, which represents a traditionally pedagogic access to the quality development issues. Furthermore, the text includes the presentation and evaluation of supra-regionally relevant quality management models within the continuous development area of the Federal Republic of Germany. Students and those working within continuous development are thus provided with an important orientation guide regarding the evaluation and development of their own quality assurance procedures

Die Arbeit an Fällen als Medium der Professionalisierung von Lehrenden

Zum Aufbau der für professionelles pädagogisches Handeln bedeutsamen Deutungskompetenz gilt die Arbeit an Fällen in der Erwachsenenbildung im Besonderen und der Lehrerbildung im Allgemeinen als eine geeignete Methode. Der Beitrag stellt etablierte Konzepte der Nutzung von Fällen für die Professionalisierung (von Lehrenden) in unterschiedlichen Kontexten vor. Dafür werden der Diskurs in der Erziehungswissenschaft - speziell der Erwachsenenbildung - und derjenige der psychologisch orientierten Lehr-Lern-Forschung skizziert und aufeinander bezogen. Trotz anderer Schwerpunktsetzung und Anwendung von Fällen bei letzterer eröffnen die dortigen Diskussionen u.a. zu digitalen Lehr-Lern-Umgebungen Hinweise zur Fallgestaltung in der Erwachsenenbildung

Kompetenzentwicklung von Lehrenden: ein Projektbericht

Dieser Bericht beschreibt die Ergebnisse eines Projektes, das die Erfahrungen von Praktikern der Erwachsenenbildung systematisch mit wissenschaftlichen Konzepten und Modellen verknüpft

The Cold Peace: Russo-Western Relations as a Mimetic Cold War

In 1989–1991 the geo-ideological contestation between two blocs was swept away, together with the ideology of civil war and its concomitant Cold War played out on the larger stage. Paradoxically, while the domestic sources of Cold War confrontation have been transcended, its external manifestations remain in the form of a ‘legacy’ geopolitical contest between the dominant hegemonic power (the United States) and a number of potential rising great powers, of which Russia is one. The post-revolutionary era is thus one of a ‘cold peace’. A cold peace is a mimetic cold war. In other words, while a cold war accepts the logic of conflict in the international system and between certain protagonists in particular, a cold peace reproduces the behavioural patterns of a cold war but suppresses acceptance of the logic of behaviour. A cold peace is accompanied by a singular stress on notions of victimhood for some and undigested and bitter victory for others. The perceived victim status of one set of actors provides the seedbed for renewed conflict, while the ‘victory’ of the others cannot be consolidated in some sort of relatively unchallenged post-conflict order. The ‘universalism’ of the victors is now challenged by Russia's neo-revisionist policy, including not so much the defence of Westphalian notions of sovereignty but the espousal of an international system with room for multiple systems (the Schmittean pluriverse)

A large-scale genome-wide association study meta-analysis of cannabis use disorder

Summary Background Variation in liability to cannabis use disorder has a strong genetic component (estimated twin and family heritability about 50–70%) and is associated with negative outcomes, including increased risk of psychopathology. The aim of the study was to conduct a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify novel genetic variants associated with cannabis use disorder. Methods To conduct this GWAS meta-analysis of cannabis use disorder and identify associations with genetic loci, we used samples from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Substance Use Disorders working group, iPSYCH, and deCODE (20 916 case samples, 363 116 control samples in total), contrasting cannabis use disorder cases with controls. To examine the genetic overlap between cannabis use disorder and 22 traits of interest (chosen because of previously published phenotypic correlations [eg, psychiatric disorders] or hypothesised associations [eg, chronotype] with cannabis use disorder), we used linkage disequilibrium score regression to calculate genetic correlations. Findings We identified two genome-wide significant loci: a novel chromosome 7 locus (FOXP2, lead single-nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] rs7783012; odds ratio [OR] 1·11, 95% CI 1·07–1·15, p=1·84 × 10−9) and the previously identified chromosome 8 locus (near CHRNA2 and EPHX2, lead SNP rs4732724; OR 0·89, 95% CI 0·86–0·93, p=6·46 × 10−9). Cannabis use disorder and cannabis use were genetically correlated (rg 0·50, p=1·50 × 10−21), but they showed significantly different genetic correlations with 12 of the 22 traits we tested, suggesting at least partially different genetic underpinnings of cannabis use and cannabis use disorder. Cannabis use disorder was positively genetically correlated with other psychopathology, including ADHD, major depression, and schizophrenia. Interpretation These findings support the theory that cannabis use disorder has shared genetic liability with other psychopathology, and there is a distinction between genetic liability to cannabis use and cannabis use disorder. Funding National Institute of Mental Health; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; National Institute on Drug Abuse; Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine and the Centre for Integrative Sequencing; The European Commission, Horizon 2020; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Health Research Council of New Zealand; National Institute on Aging; Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium; UK Research and Innovation Medical Research Council (UKRI MRC); The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA); National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering; National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Australia; Tobacco-Related Disease Research Program of the University of California; Families for Borderline Personality Disorder Research (Beth and Rob Elliott) 2018 NARSAD Young Investigator Grant; The National Child Health Research Foundation (Cure Kids); The Canterbury Medical Research Foundation; The New Zealand Lottery Grants Board; The University of Otago; The Carney Centre for Pharmacogenomics; The James Hume Bequest Fund; National Institutes of Health: Genes, Environment and Health Initiative; National Institutes of Health; National Cancer Institute; The William T Grant Foundation; Australian Research Council; The Virginia Tobacco Settlement Foundation; The VISN 1 and VISN 4 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Centers of the US Department of Veterans Affairs; The 5th Framework Programme (FP-5) GenomEUtwin Project; The Lundbeck Foundation; NIH-funded Shared Instrumentation Grant S10RR025141; Clinical Translational Sciences Award grants; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute of General Medical Sciences.Peer reviewe

Shared genetic risk between eating disorder- and substance-use-related phenotypes:Evidence from genome-wide association studies

First published: 16 February 202

Transancestral GWAS of alcohol dependence reveals common genetic underpinnings with psychiatric disorders

Liability to alcohol dependence (AD) is heritable, but little is known about its complex polygenic architecture or its genetic relationship with other disorders. To discover loci associated with AD and characterize the relationship between AD and other psychiatric and behavioral outcomes, we carried out the largest genome-wide association study to date of DSM-IV-diagnosed AD. Genome-wide data on 14,904 individuals with AD and 37,944 controls from 28 case-control and family-based studies were meta-analyzed, stratified by genetic ancestry (European, n = 46,568; African, n = 6,280). Independent, genome-wide significant effects of different ADH1B variants were identified in European (rs1229984; P = 9.8 x 10(-13)) and African ancestries (rs2066702; P = 2.2 x 10(-9)). Significant genetic correlations were observed with 17 phenotypes, including schizophrenia, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, depression, and use of cigarettes and cannabis. The genetic underpinnings of AD only partially overlap with those for alcohol consumption, underscoring the genetic distinction between pathological and nonpathological drinking behaviors.Peer reviewe

Karin Reiber: Organisationen im Spiegel der Regula Benedicti. Eine hermeneutische Interpretation der benediktinischen Regeln im Kontext der Lernenden Organisation. Münster: Waxmann 2005 (207 S.) [Rezension]

Rezension von: Karin Reiber: Organisationen im Spiegel der Regula Benedicti. Eine hermeneutische Interpretation der benediktinischen Regeln im Kontext der Lernenden Organisation. Münster: Waxmann 2005 (207 S.; ISBN 3-830-91480-6; 24,90 EUR)

The interrelation of organisation and professional competencies. An analysis of pedagogical competencies through the combined assessment of attitudes, knowledge and skills and their connection to organisational research

Der Aufsatz nimmt das Aufeinander-Verwiesen-Sein von Organisation und Profession im Handeln zum Ausgangspunkt und fokussiert die professionellen Kompetenzen. Er fragt, ob und wenn ja, wie professionelle Kompetenzen von Lehrenden in der Hochschule organisational variieren. Dabei werden zwei Zielrichtungen verfolgt: Theoretisch und forschungsmethodisch gilt es exemplarisch an einem Forschungsprojekt darzustellen, wie Professions- und Organisationsforschung in Theorieanlage und Methode miteinander verbunden sind. Aufbauend darauf weisen empirisch ausgewählte Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass professionelle Kompetenzen von Lehrenden und die Wahrnehmung der Hochschule als unterstützenden versus hemmenden Kontext organisationsbezogen variieren. Auf diese Weise werden der theoretische, methodische und empirische Mehrwert einer Verbindung beider Stränge sichtbar.The essay takes the interrelation of organisation and professional competencies as a starting point and focuses on professional competencies. It asks whether and, if so, how professional competencies of teachers in higher education vary organisationally. Two directions are pursued: Theoretically and methodologically, a research project is used as an example to illustrate how professional and organisational research are linked in terms of theory and method. Building on this, selected results empirically show that professional competencies of teachers in higher education and perceptions of the university as a supportive versus inhibiting context vary depending on the organisation. In this way, the theoretical, methodological and empirical added value of linking the two strands becomes visible