AUTOMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF POINT CLOUDS FOR HIGHWAY DOCUMENTATION

Mobile laser scanning systems confirmed the capability for detailed roadway documentation. Hand in hand with enormous datasets acquired by these systems is the increase in the demands on the fast and effective processing of these datasets. The crucial part of the roadway datasets processing, as well as in many other applications, is the extraction of objects of interest from point clouds. In this work, an approach to the rough classification of mobile laser scanning data based on raster image processing techniques is presented. The developed method offers a solution for a computationally low demanding classification of the highway environment. The aim of this method is to provide a background for the easier use of more sophisticated algorithms and a specific analysis. The method is evaluated using different metrics on a 1.8km long dataset obtained by LYNX Mobile Mapper over a highway

HISTORICAL PLASTER COMPOSITION DETECTION USING REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY

Reflectance spectroscopy is a non-invasive method that is based on the fact that a specific object/material provides various reflectances in different wavelengths across the spectral range. It can provide unique information regarding the material composition of the object of interest and has been used in many fields in recent years. Determining composition of historical plaster is very important when defining its individual components and possibly place of origin or even its age. This information can be a key issue for its future repairs that are desired to be done as similar to the original method as possible. For a precise reflectance spectroscopy material detection, a fine spectral library is needed. Special mathematical methods are used for comparison of measured spectral curve with individual spectral curves stored in the used spectral library. The spectral analysis then shows similarity of the measured curve with the reference ones. This paper introduces results of the new plaster composition spectral library created by Department of Geomatics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague within the Czech Ministry of Culture Project (DF13P01OVV002). This spectral library has been tested on two historical plaster samples

Heterozygous Loss-of-Function SEC61A1 Mutations Cause Autosomal-Dominant Tubulo-Interstitial and Glomerulocystic Kidney Disease with Anemia

Autosomal-dominant tubulo-interstitial kidney disease (ADTKD) encompasses a group of disorders characterized by renal tubular and interstitial abnormalities, leading to slow progressive loss of kidney function requiring dialysis and kidney transplantation. Mutations in UMOD, MUC1, and REN are responsible for many, but not all, cases of ADTKD. We report on two families with ADTKD and congenital anemia accompanied by either intrauterine growth retardation or neutropenia. Ultrasound and kidney biopsy revealed small dysplastic kidneys with cysts and tubular atrophy with secondary glomerular sclerosis, respectively. Exclusion of known ADTKD genes coupled with linkage analysis, whole-exome sequencing, and targeted re-sequencing identified heterozygous missense variants in SEC61A1—c.553A>G (p.Thr185Ala) and c.200T>G (p.Val67Gly)—both affecting functionally important and conserved residues in SEC61. Both transiently expressed SEC6A1A variants are delocalized to the Golgi, a finding confirmed in a renal biopsy from an affected individual. Suppression or CRISPR-mediated deletions of sec61al2 in zebrafish embryos induced convolution defects of the pronephric tubules but not the pronephric ducts, consistent with the tubular atrophy observed in the affected individuals. Human mRNA encoding either of the two pathogenic alleles failed to rescue this phenotype as opposed to a complete rescue by human wild-type mRNA. Taken together, these findings provide a mechanism by which mutations in SEC61A1 lead to an autosomal-dominant syndromic form of progressive chronic kidney disease. We highlight protein translocation defects across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, the principal role of the SEC61 complex, as a contributory pathogenic mechanism for ADTKD

The study of mitochondrial biogenesis during fetal development

Postnatal adaptation of neonate to extrauterine life is among others dependent on effective mitochondrial biogenesis during fetal development. Therefore the study of mitochondrial biogenesis on molecular and biochemical level may improve the care of very premature neonates, especially critically ill premature neonates. This thesis has been worked out in The laboratory for study of mitochondrial disorders (Department of Pediatrics, 1st faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague). The thesis is based on molecular genetic analyses, which are focus on characterization of expression of gene involved in mitochondrial biogenesis including gene of oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) and on changes in mtDNA content during human fetal development. The results than enable : Efective analysis of the mRNA expression level by quantitative real- time PCR method in fetal tissues. Analysis of the changes in the mtDNA content in different fetal tissues To understand and to explain the tissue-specific differences in expression of the OXPHOS genes and of the genes involved in mtDNA transcription and in regulation of mtDNA content during second trimester of gestation

Studium mitochondrální biogeneze v průběhu fetálního vývoje

Postnatal adaptation of neonate to extrauterine life is among others dependent on effective mitochondrial biogenesis during fetal development. Therefore the study of mitochondrial biogenesis on molecular and biochemical level may improve the care of very premature neonates, especially critically ill premature neonates. This thesis has been worked out in The laboratory for study of mitochondrial disorders (Department of Pediatrics, 1st faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague). The thesis is based on molecular genetic analyses, which are focus on characterization of expression of gene involved in mitochondrial biogenesis including gene of oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) and on changes in mtDNA content during human fetal development. The results than enable : Efective analysis of the mRNA expression level by quantitative real- time PCR method in fetal tissues. Analysis of the changes in the mtDNA content in different fetal tissues To understand and to explain the tissue-specific differences in expression of the OXPHOS genes and of the genes involved in mtDNA transcription and in regulation of mtDNA content during second trimester of gestation.Postnatální adaptace novorozence na extrauterinní prostředí je kromě jiného závislá i na efektivním průběhu mitochondriální biogeneze v období fetálního vývoje. Proto studium mitochondriální biogeneze na molekulárně genetické a biochemické úrovni může příspět k zlepšení péče o předčasně narozené děti, zvláště o kriticky nemocné novorozence. Práce vznikla v Laboratoři pro studium mitochondriálních poruch Kliniky dětského a dorostového lékařství 1.LF UK v Praze a zabývá se molekulárně genetickými analýzami zaměřenými na charakterizaci exprese genů podílejících se na mitochondriální biogenezi včetně genů pro systém oxidativní fosforylace (OXPHOS) a na charakterizaci změn množství mitochondriální DNA v průběhu fetálního vývoje člověka. Získané výsledky umožňují: Efektivní analýzu expresní hladiny mRNA metodou real-time PCR ve fetálních tkáních Kvantifikaci množství mtDNA v různých fetálních tkáních Pochopit a vysvětlit tkáňové specifické rozdíly v expresi OXPHOS genů a genů podílejících se na transkripci mtDNA a regulaci jejího množství v průběhu druhého trimestru gestaceDepartment of BiochemistryKatedra biochemieFaculty of SciencePřírodovědecká fakult

Painter and collector Miloš Malina and his bequest to Středočeské muzeum in Roztoky

The Bachelor's thesis introduces a less-known artist and collector Miloš Malina, who is exceptional for combining both his passions in his artistic creations. The work deals mainly with the reference stored in the Central Bohemian Museum, where is his entire heritage, which Malina has left to the Museum still during his lifetime. The thesis is divided into three parts, which present the artist himself and his estate. At the end of the thesis I focus on Malina's work. The first part presents his life, studies and employment. It is also concerned with his ambiguous artistic style, which was influenced by some friends artists as Filla (Malina was inspired by his Cubist paintings), Špála (the same preoccupation with the blue colour), even foreign artists as Cézanne (use of apples in his still-lifes). Women, who surrounded him his whole life, were a great inspiration. I focused on the why he selected some of them and what about them was interesting for him. In the second part I will show how the whole legacy got into the Central Bohemian Museum. I will also mention how the legacy was thematically divided and stored in different individual depositories. In conclusion I not only focused on his work. I also aimed to the way his work reflects his fervour for collecting

RPAS for documentation of Nazca aqueducts

In Peru, there are not many aqueduct systems, only in Nasca region. They are popularly known as “puquíos”, hidden in the dry landscape. Most of them are around the city of Nasca known mainly for the nearby famous Nazca lines and geoglyphs. According to some theories they were built by pre-Hispanic civilization, but others doubt that. However, there is no doubt that they were constructed to provide water to the people living in the dry landscape along the Peruvian coastline, where the lack of water is a typical phenomenon. The construction of aqueducts is often connected to climatic changes after 400 AD. Some of these systems are still in use and provide fresh drinking water or water for irrigation of fertile fields in the neighbourhood. The aim of our research was to document and map aqueduct systems in Nazca region. Five aqueduct samples were selected, which describe the various types of the systems – aqueducts in both good and bad condition, open trenches, systems with circular or rectangular-shaped access holes. These selected sites were documented by a RPAS. The acquired data was processed to an orthophoto and a digital surface model (DSM). The outputs help to document the variety in construction of these systems and provide a better understanding of their function before many of them disappear forever