Urban logistics and spatial territorial intelligence indicators: State-of-the-art, typology and implications for Latin American cities

This paper reviews the state of the art in spatial accessibility and attractiveness indicators for urban freight transport and logistics, from a territorial intelligence and analytics viewpoint. It proposes a first typology of indicators and analyzes their potential in Latin American urban planning and development. After presenting the main notions of business intelligence and analytics, as well as a definition of territorial intelligence and analytics, the paper proposes an overview of territorial intelligence indicators, focusing on accessibility and attractiveness indicators, and a typology of five categories of indicators: infrastructure-based indicators, generation-based indexes, distance/time/cost measures, gravity-based indicators and space-time compatibility indexes. Finally, the main issues for implementing such indicators are presented, in terms of data requirements and potential applications focusing on the Latin American context.El presente artículo presenta el estado del arte sobre indicadores de accesibilidad y de atractividad espacial para el transporte de carga y la logística urbana, desde el punto de vista de la inteligencia y la analítica territorial. El artículo propone una primera tipología de indicadores, y analiza el potencial de su uso en la planeación y desarrollo urbano en Latinoamérica. Tras presentar las principales nociones de inteligencia y analítica de negocios, y proponer una definición de la inteligencia y analítica territorial, el artículo propone una visión de conjunto de los indicadores de inteligencia territorial, con un foco en los de accesibilidad y atractividad, y una tipología con cinco categorías de indicadores: de infraestructura, de generación, de distancia/tiempo/costo, gravitatorios y de compatibilidad espacio-temporal. Finalmente, se presentan las principales cuestiones en la implementación de dichos indicadores, en términos de requerimientos en datos y de potenciales aplicaciones, con un foco en el contexto latinoamericano

Survival in a Nazi concentration camp: the Spanish prisoners of Mauthausen

Analysis of the extent to which higher social class (along with other demographic variables) was an advantage for Spanish prisoners at the Mauthausen concentration camp advances the study of the determinants of survival in contexts of indiscriminate violence. Use of Cox event-history models, based on detailed information collected by well-placed Spaniards at the camp, reveals that individuals from higher social classes who filled administrative positions at Mauthausen were prominent in support networks and had a good command of the German language were more likely to survive. The risk of death was highest among unskilled agricultural workers, followed by unskilled non-agricultural workers

L’organisation du transport des marchandises en ville : jusqu’où les politiques municipales peuvent-elles juridiquement aller ? Le cas de Vicence (Italie) et les leçons à retenir pour les villes européennes

Le transport des marchandises et plus généralement ce que l’on appelle la logistique urbaine sont des sujets qui préoccupent dorénavant plusieurs catégories d’acteurs, dont les décideurs publics qui ont imaginé des mesures spécifiques pour améliorer le bilan environnemental et économique de ce secteur important pour le développement urbain. Cet article cherche à identifier les limites juridiques de certaines de ces politiques, notamment les « centres de distribution urbaine » ainsi que les limitations d’accès aux centres-villes pour les véhicules transportant des marchandises qui leur sont généralement attachées. Nous présentons le cas de la commune de Vicence, en Italie, qui a mis en place une réglementation très restrictive et a fait l’objet de plusieurs recours en justice de la part des transporteurs. De cette étude de cas, unique en son genre pour le moment, des enseignements peuvent être énoncés pour d’autres aires urbaines en Europe.For many years, the movement of goods in cities, and more generally what is called “city logistics” have involved several categories of stakeholders, including policy makers who have designed specific measures to improve the environmental and economic impacts of freight distribution. This paper seeks to identify the legal boundaries of some of these policies, including “urban consolidation centers” and city center access limitation policies that are usually related to them. We present the case of the city of Vicenza, Italy, which has implemented a very restrictive truck access regulation, and which has consequently become the subject of several legal proceedings on the part of trucking companies. From this case study, unique in its field nowadays, we will identify some lessons for other cities in Europe

Food hub as an efficient alternative to sustainably feed the cities

La tarea de alimentar las ciudades es un reto al que hoy se enfrentan todos los gobiernos e implica una coordinación de múltiples productores, distribuidores, operadores logísticos y comerciantes de alimentos perecederos. Este artículo pretende analizar los Food hubs en el sistema de distribución urbano de alimentos, de manera crítica y sistemática desde la literatura. Se presenta en primera instancia un estado del arte sobre el concepto de Food hub, luego se presenta una propuesta de tipificación de Food hubs de acuerdo a unos criterios, concentrándose en actores implicados en el proceso de distribución de alimentos, estructura jurídica y sus funciones. También se describen los impactos sociales, económicos y medioambientales que traería consigo la implementación de un Food hub. Finalmente, se presentan las principales oportunidades para la expansión de Food hubs urbanos y se exponen cuatro ejemplos latinoamericanos, relacionándolos con la tipología propuesta. The task of feeding cities is a challenge that nowadays all governments face, it involves the coordination of multiple producers, distributors, logistics operators and traders of perishable foods. This paper analyzes the Food hubs concept and its impact on urban development in a critical perception from the literature review. The state of the art on the concept of Food Hub is presented at first instance. Then a classification of different types of Food hub is done by focusing on the actors involved in the food system distribution process, structure and functions. After that, an analysis of the prospects of the implementation of Food hubs is performed, evaluating its economic, social and environmental impacts. Finally, the main opportunities for the deployment of urban Food hubs are presented, and four Latin-American cases are introduced, linked them with the proposed typology.

An emission model as an alternative to o-d matrix in urban goods transport modelling

This paper presents an alternative method to O-D matrix for estimating road occupancy of urban goods movement (UGM). The originality of the model arises on three elements. The first is that the modelling unit is the delivery operation, with all the elements that are associated to it. The second is that it follows an inductive approach, starting from a rich database, to define different generation functions without a priori applying a defined mathematical framework. The third is that the model is an emission one, i.e. we start generating the number of deliveries that are shipped by the different urban establishments, and not those attracted by them. First, the literature in the field is reviewed. Then, the main methodological elements are presented. We present here the delivery generation procedure and the route definition method. Finally, validation results for both parts of the model are critically discussed

Genes associated with metabolic syndrome predict disease-free survival in stage II colorectal cancer patients. A novel link between metabolic dysregulation and colorectal cancer

Producción CientíficaStudies have recently suggested that metabolic syndrome and its components increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Both diseases are increasing in most countries, and the genetic association between them has not been fully elucidated. The objective of this study was to assess the association between genetic risk factors of metabolic syndrome or related conditions (obesity, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes mellitus type 2) and clinical outcome in stage II colorectal cancer patients. Expression levels of several genes related to metabolic syndrome and associated alterations were analysed by real-time qPCR in two equivalent but independent sets of stage II colorectal cancer patients. Using logistic regression models and cross-validation analysis with all tumour samples, we developed a metabolic syndrome-related gene expression profile to predict clinical outcome in stage II colorectal cancer patients. The results showed that a gene expression profile constituted by genes previously related to metabolic syndrome was significantly associated with clinical outcome of stage II colorectal cancer patients. This metabolic profile was able to identify patients with a low risk and high risk of relapse. Its predictive value was validated using an independent set of stage II colorectal cancer patients. The identification of a set of genes related to metabolic syndrome that predict survival in intermediate-stage colorectal cancer patients allows delineation of a high-risk group that may benefit from adjuvant therapy and avoid the toxic and unnecessary chemotherapy in patients classified as low risk. Our results also confirm the linkage between.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (AGL2010-21565, RyC 2008-03734, IPT-2011-1248-060000),y la Comunidad de Madrid (ALIBIRD, S2009/AGR-1469

Clinico-pathological characteristics and outcomes of patients with early-onset colorectal cancer

[Background]: The rising incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) among young patients is alarming. We aim to characterize the clinico-pathological features and outcomes of patients with early-onset CRC (EOCRC). [Methods]: We included all of the patients with pathologically confirmed diagnosis of CRC at Hospital Universitario La Paz from October 2016 to September 2020. EOCRC age cut-off was 50 years. All statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS v.25. [Results]: A total of 1152 patients were diagnosed with CRC, fifty-nine (5,1%) of them were After a median follow-up of 24 months, 279 patients have died. Median overall survival (OS) was not reached in either group (p = 0,06). Three-year OS was 80% (95%CI: 73-87) and 67 (95%CI: 65-69) in the younger and older group, respectively. In patients with localized disease that underwent surgery or other antineoplastic treatment ( n = 856), 159 events for disease-free survival (DFS) were observed. Median DFS was [Conclusions]: Patients with EOCRC are diagnosed at a more advanced stage and display distinct biological features (more prevalence of dMMR and WT tumors among others). Studies focusing on screening in this population and deeper molecular profiling are needed

Clinico-pathological characteristics and outcomes of patients with early-onset colorectal cancer

[Background]: The rising incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) among young patients is alarming. We aim to characterize the clinico-pathological features and outcomes of patients with early-onset CRC (EOCRC).[Methods]: We included all of the patients with pathologically confirmed diagnosis of CRC at Hospital Universitario La Paz from October 2016 to September 2020. EOCRC age cut-off was 50 years. All statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS v.25. [Results]: A total of 1152 patients were diagnosed with CRC, fifty-nine (5,1%) of them were After a median follow-up of 24 months, 279 patients have died. Median overall survival (OS) was not reached in either group (p ¼ 0,06). Three-year OS was 80% (95% CI: 73-87) and 67 (95%CI: 65-69) in the younger and older group, respectively. In patients with localized disease that underwent surgery or other antineoplastic treatment ( n ¼ 856), 159 events for disease-free survival (DFS) were observed. Median DFS was not reached in either group (p ¼0,144). Three-year DFS was 86% (95%CI: 79-93) and 73% (95%CI: 71-75, respectively). In patients with metastatic disease (n ¼ 332; synchronous or metachronic), median OS was not reach in the EOCRC group vs 18,1 (95%CI: 13,8-22,4), p ¼ 0,05). In those patients with metastatic EOCRC with mutational status assessed (n ¼23), no difference in OS according to RAS was observed (p ¼ 0,55).[Conclusions]: Patients with EOCRC are diagnosed at a more advanced stage and display distinct biological features (more prevalence of dMMR and WT tumors among others). Studies focusing on screening in this population and deeper molecular profiling are needed.Peer reviewe

ColoLipidGene: Signature of lipid metabolism-related genes to predict prognosis in stage-II colon cancer patients

Lipid metabolism plays an essential role in carcinogenesis due to the requirements of tumoral cells to sustain increased structural, energetic and biosynthetic precursor demands for cell proliferation. We investigated the association between expression of lipid metabolism-related genes and clinical outcome in intermediate-stage colon cancer patients with the aim of identifying a metabolic profile associated with greater malignancy and increased risk of relapse. Expression profile of 70 lipid metabolismrelated genes was determined in 77 patients with stage II colon cancer. Cox regression analyses using c-index methodology was applied to identify a metabolic-related signature associated to prognosis. The metabolic signature was further confirmed in two independent validation sets of 120 patients and additionally, in a group of 264 patients from a public database. The combined analysis of these 4 genes, ABCA1, ACSL1, AGPAT1 and SCD, constitutes a metabolic-signature (ColoLipidGene) able to accurately stratify stage II colon cancer patients with 5-fold higher risk of relapse with strong statistical power in the four independent groups of patients. The identification of a group of 4 genes that predict survival in intermediate-stage colon cancer patients allows delineation of a high-risk group that may benefit from adjuvant therapy, and avoids the toxic and unnecessary chemotherapy in patients classified as low-risk groupThis work was supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación del Gobierno de España (Plan Nacional I + D + i AGL2013–48943-C2–2-R and IPT-2011–1248-060000), Comunidad de Madrid (P2013/ABI-2728. ALIBIRDCM) and European Union Structural Funds. CIBEREHD is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. This is a collaborative study between the Molecular Oncology Unit of The Institute of Advanced Studies of Madrid IMDEA Food and the Grupo Español Multidisciplinar en Cáncer Digestivo (GEMCAD

A pediatric regimen for adolescents and young adults with Philadelphia chromosome‐negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Results of the ALLRE08 PETHEMA trial

Background: Pediatric-based or -inspired trials have improved the prognosis of adolescents and young adults (AYA) with Philadelphia chromosome-negative (Ph-neg) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Methods: This study reports the results of treatment of the ALLRE08 trial, a full pediatric trial for AYA aged 15-30 years with standard-risk (SR) ALL. Results: From 2008 to 2018, 89 patients (38 adolescents [15-18 years] and 51 young adults [YA, 19-30 years], median age: 20 [15-29] years) were enrolled in the ALLRE08 trial. The complete response (CR) was 95%. Twenty-two patients were transferred to a high-risk (HR) protocol because of poor marrow response on day 14 (n = 20) or high-level of end-induction minimal residual response (MRD ≥ 0.25%, n = 2). Cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) at 5 years was 35% (95%CI: 23%-47%), with significant differences between adolescents and YA: 13% (4%-28%) vs 52% (34%-67%), P = .012. No treatment-related mortality was observed in 66/66 patients following the ALLRE08 trial vs 3/23 patients moved to a HR trial. The estimated 5-year overall survival (OS) was 74% (95%CI: 63%-85%), with significantly higher rates for adolescents vs YA: 87% (95%CI: 74%-100%) vs 63% (46%-80%), P = .021. Although CIR or OS were lower in patients who were transferred to a HR trial, the differences were not statistically significant (CIR: 34% [21%-47%] vs 37% [14%-61%]; OS: 78% [66%-90%] vs 61% [31%;91%]). Conclusion: A full pediatric trial is feasible and effective for AYA with Ph-neg, SR-ALL, with better results for adolescents than for YA. Outcome of patients with poor early response rescued with a HR trial was not significantly inferior