The built memory: presenting the colonization villages in Spain by the newsreel of State NO-DO.

The newsreel of State used to show to Spanish society a determined image of architecture, conditioned by the political needs of Franco’s Regime. In this case, the subject of the cinematographic image of villages of colonization of the Tagus valley as presented by the NO-DO newsreel (Noticiarios y Documentales Cinematográficos) is studied. NO-DO was originally created as a propaganda tool and an instrument for the diffusion of “specially relevant” news from that time period. The analysis of the architecture built by the National Institute of Colonization (INC) and showed in different editions of the newsreel allowed us to understand the ideological approach made by the Regime to the Spanish countryside, through the model of colonization of the territory, and how building was used as propaganda. The urban model proposed was defined by civic centres –usually square-shaped-, and church towers as urban milestones set in the landscape. For this reason, politic demonstrations in the representative public spaces of villages, through the delivering of houses and rural property to settlers, incorporated the context and living conditions in which new villages were built. At the same time, the visits to irrigation farms, new irrigation canals, and hydraulic and hydroelectric infrastructures exemplify the agrarian and irrigation policies during the autarchy, whereas in the next decades, and because of the economic and social development of the countryside, news about reservoirs were just referred to sports and leisure activities. Therefore, these cinematographic images of buildings, irrigation policies and the modernization of rural landscape presented in cinemas through the NO-DO newsreel are relevant, since they build a collective memoryof the architecture and engineering of that time. They also document the social, politic and economic role that the creation of Spanish villages of colonization at river basins had, specifically in one of the biggest rivers, the Tagus

Servicios ecosistémicos del ganado ovino extensivo en la pedanía de Santa Cruz de Juarros (Burgos).

La ganadería ovina extensiva es un sector de la actividad agraria que con el paso de las décadas se ha visto afectado por los nuevos modelos de producción que han ido apareciendo y por los importantes cambios de mercado a los que se han tenido que enfrentar. Estos cambios han supuesto un gran descenso tanto del número de explotaciones, como del número de cabezas de ganado. La poca rentabilidad de este tipo de explotaciones comparadas con las intensivas, las pocas ayudas que reciben los ganaderos, el escaso relevo generacional por la dureza del trabajo y el abandono de las zonas rurales son los principales causantes de la casi desaparición de este tipo de ganadería. Sin embargo esta actividad es muy importante para el mantenimiento de los ecosistemas y de sus servicios ecosistémicos, con las diversas funciones que estos aportan a la sociedad. La actividad ganadera extensiva se encuentra íntimamente ligada al medio natural, dando como resultado un equilibrio entre la producción y el mantenimiento del ecosistema. En este trabajo se ha desarrollado la relación entre el ganado ovino extensivo y los servicios ecosistémicos. Para ello se ha trabajado sobre un caso real, la explotación ganadera de la pedanía de Santa Cruz de Juarros. Mediante la realización de una entrevista al ganadero de la explotación, se dan a conocer las características de la explotación y del medio natural en el que se encuentra, analizando los servicios ecosistémicos que aporta dicha actividad. Una vez conocida la relación, se lleva a cabo una encuesta sobre los mismos a dos grupos de población, un grupo representa a la población de ámbito rural y el otro a la población de ámbito urbano. Los servicios ecosistémicos más valorados son, aparte del de aprovisionamiento de carne, los agrupados bajo la denominación de culturales. La percepción sobre los servicios ecosistémicos no es diferente en el ambiente rural y el urbano

Programa de estimulación temprana Síndrome X Frágil

La Estimulación Temprana es el conjunto de técnicas utilizadas para potenciar al máximo el desarrollo y las habilidades de socialización, lenguaje, autoayuda, cognitivas y psicomotrices. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo la planificación y posterior ejecución de un programa de Estimulación Temprana, dirigido en este caso concreto a un niño de 4 años y 4 meses diagnosticado con el Síndrome X Frágil. Tras el estudio de la patología y el establecimiento de la línea base de intervención, se decide intervenir en el área de socialización de usuario. Para ello, se han establecido diversas actividades centradas en potenciar las conductas de interacción social del niño, como el saludo y la despedida, la sonrisa social, las conductas de aproximación y el lenguaje. Los resultados obtenidos muestran una buena progresión con respecto a los objetivos planteado inicialmente, sin embargo, será necesaria la planificación de un nuevo programa de intervención puesto que no se han logrado en su totalidad los objetivos propuestos.Early Stimulation is a group of techniques used to improve the development and the abilities of socialization, language, self-help, cognitive and psychomotor. The objective of this project is the planning and subsequent execution of an early stimulation program, directed to a four years old boy with a diagnosis of fragile X syndrome. After studying the pathology and establishing the baseline intervention, it is decided to intervene in the socialization area. To do this, several activities are established focused on improve and promote interaction behavior, such as greeting, farewell, social smile, approach behavior and language. The results show an improvement in relation to the objectives. However, it will be necessary the planning of a new intervention program, in order to achieve the objectives totally

La fotografía animada: La vivienda extranjera vista por el NO-DO

Frente a las revistas profesionales dedicadas a la arquitectura, el NO-DO (Noticiarios y Documentales Cinematográficos) es otro vehículo de difusión de la misma destinado a la población en general durante casi 40 años en España (1943-1981). A través de estos noticiarios de estado, que se proyectan obligatoriamente en los cines de todo el territorio nacional, la arquitectura aparece mezclada con un sinfín de noticias variopintas. Dentro de la arquitectura, la vivienda tiene un tratamiento preferente, tanto la que se construye en el país, con el incesante surgimiento de nuevos pueblos y barrios urbanos, como la vivienda extranjera, que el noticiario considera emblema de lo moderno. La imagen de la vivienda extranjera que transmite el noticiario NO-DO es heterogénea y responde básicamente a cuatro tipos de noticias recurrentes en las pantallas: Las configuraciones geométricas más curiosas o extrañas para la población en general, los nuevos materiales, las nuevas técnicas constructivas e instalaciones, las construcciones residenciales en ubicaciones o situaciones especiales y las exposiciones que muestran los avances de la vivienda.Along with professional specialized magazines, NO-DO (Newsreels and Documentary films) constituted another way of promoting architecture in Spain, aimed towards general public over a period of almost 40 years (1943-1981). In these state newsreels, compulsorily shown in cinemas all around the country, architecture appears mixed with other news of diverse nature. When dealing with architecture, housing is the most recurring topic; both the housing built in Spain, where new villages and urban districts emerge constantly, and the foreign housing, which the newsreel considers a symbol of modernity itself. The image of foreign housing that NO-DO newsreels transmit is heterogeneous and basically responds to four recurring types of news on the screens: Odd geometrical shapes (which are strange to the general public), new materials, new constructive techniques and installations, residential buildings set in peculiar locations or situations and exhibitions showing the progress in housing

Some contributions to the study of oenological lactic acid bacteria through their interaction with polyphenols

Probiotic features and the ability of two oenological lactic acid bacteria strains (Pediococcus pentosaceus CIAL‐86 and Lactobacillus plantarum CIAL‐121) and a reference probiotic strain (Lactobacillus plantarum CLC 17) to metabolize wine polyphenols are examined. After summarizing previous results regarding their resistance to lysozyme, gastric juice and bile salts, the three strains were assessed for their ability to release phenolic metabolites after their incubation with a wine phenolic extract. Neither of the two bacteria were able to metabolize wine polyphenols, at least in the conditions used in this study, although a certain stimulatory effect on bacterial growth was observed in the presence of a wine‐derived phenolic metabolite (i.e., 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid) and a wine phenolic compound (i.e., (+) ‐catechin). Bacteria cell‐free supernatants from the three strains delayed and inhibited almost completely the growth of the pathogen E. coli CIAL‐153, probably due to the presence of organic acids derived from the bacterial metabolism of carbohydrates. Lastly, the three strains showed a high percentage of adhesion to intestinal cells, and pre‐incubation of Caco‐2 cells with bacteria strains prior to the addition of E. coli CIAL‐153 produced a notable inhibition of the adhesion of E. coli to the intestinal cells.The study was supported by the projects AGL2012-40172-C02-01 and AGL2015-64522-C2-1-R of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and ALIBIRD S2013/ABI-2728 of the Comunidad de Madrid, as well as COST Action POSITIVe FA1403. IG-S is the recipient of an FPU contract from the Spanish Ministry of Education. AE-F is the recipient of an FPI contract from the Spanish MINECO (Project AGL2012-40172-C02-01). We acknowledge support by the CSIC Open Access Publication Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI).We acknowledge the support of the publication fee by the CSIC Open Access Publication Support Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI)

Deciphering the interactions between lipids and red wine polyphenols through the gastrointestinal tract

This paper investigates the mutual interactions between lipids and red wine polyphenols at different stages of the gastrointestinal tract by using the simgi® dynamic simulator. Three food models were tested: a Wine model, a Lipid model (olive oil + cholesterol) and a Wine + Lipid model (red wine + olive oil + cholesterol). With regard to wine polyphenols, results showed that co-digestion with lipids slightly affected the phenolic profile after gastrointestinal digestion. In relation to lipid bioaccessibility, the co-digestion with red wine tended to increase the percentage of bioaccessible monoglycerides, although significant differences were not found (p > 0.05). Furthermore, co-digestion with red wine tended to reduce cholesterol bioaccessibility (from 80 to 49 %), which could be related to the decrease in bile salt content observed in the micellar phase. For free fatty acids, almost no changes were observed. At the colonic level, the co-digestion of red wine and lipids conditioned the composition and metabolism of colonic microbiota. For instance, the growth [log (ufc/mL)] of lactic acid bacteria (6.9 ± 0.2) and bifidobacteria (6.8 ± 0.1) populations were significantly higher for the Wine + Lipid food model respect to the control colonic fermentation (5.2 ± 0.1 and 5.3 ± 0.2, respectively). Besides, the production of total SCFAs was greater for the Wine + Lipid food model. Also, the cytotoxicity of the colonic-digested samples towards human colon adenocarcinoma cells (HCT-116 and HT-29) was found to be significantly lower for the Wine and Wine + Lipid models than for the Lipid model and the control (no food addition). Overall, the results obtained using the simgi® model were consistent with those reported in vivo in the literature. In particular, they suggest that red wine may favourably modulate lipid bioaccessibility – a fact that could explain the hypocholesterolemic effects of red wine and red wine polyphenols observed in human

Crear y Comunicar la Arquitectura_PID_20_21_142_Anexos 1 a 3

Innovación EducativaEl PID se ha sustanciado en la investigación y aplicación de un método en la enseñanza del “Proyecto de arquitectura”. Para ello se estructuró una doble acción. Por un lado, se está consolidando una comunidad de aprendizaje en colaboración con otras universidades, Sevilla (UE), Alcalá de Henares (UAH) y el Centro de Estudos Arnaldo Araújo en Porto (Portugal). Por otro, los estudiantes han ejercido todas las acciones organizados en grupos, practicado intensamente el trabajo colaborativo, principalmente en el segundo cuatrimestre del curso, dentro de Taller de las asignaturas de Proyectos IV y V (4ª curso del Grado en Fundamentos de la Arquitectura). Este última fue la responsable de la aplicación y desarrollo de los Sistemas de Representación Neurolingüísticos (visual, auditiva y cinestésica), permitiendo situar al estudiante, no solo ante el conocimiento de otros (general o específico de la arquitectura), sino ante el doble objetivo de reconocer y Crear, y Comunicar el conocimiento, es decir su Proyecto de Arquitectura. Mediante el entendimiento de la “forma” en que se percibe y trasmite la comprensión del mundo “cotidiano” los estudiantes han abordado la creación arquitectónica. Esta metodología finalizó con la exigencia de entender la Arquitectura como instrumento de comunicación de una “idea” y por tanto, su necesidad de ser transmisible y comprensible, convirtiéndose en activo propio del Proyecto de Arquitectura. El curso finaliza con la grabación de los proyectos de los estudiantes, en formato de Píldora de Conocimiento, publicándose en la plataforma Youtube de la Uva.Teoría de la Arquitectura y Proyectos ArquitectónicosCanal Youtube de la Uva, carpeta Crear y Comunicar la Arquitectura

Identification and characterization of Cardiac Glycosides as senolytic compounds

Compounds with specific cytotoxic activity in senescent cells, or senolytics, support the causal involvement of senescence in aging and offer therapeutic interventions. Here we report the identification of Cardiac Glycosides (CGs) as a family of compounds with senolytic activity. CGs, by targeting the Na+/K+ATPase pump, cause a disbalanced electrochemical gradient within the cell causing depolarization and acidification. Senescent cells present a slightly depolarized plasma membrane and higher concentrations of H+, making them more susceptible to the action of CGs. These vulnerabilities can be exploited for therapeutic purposes as evidenced by the in vivo eradication of tumors xenografted in mice after treatment with the combination of a senogenic and a senolytic drug. The senolytic effect of CGs is also effective in the elimination of senescence-induced lung fibrosis. This experimental approach allows the identification of compounds with senolytic activity that could potentially be used to develop effective treatments against age-related diseases.We thank Matthias Drosten, Alejo Efeyan and Sean Morrison for plasmids. F.T-M. is a postdoctoral fellow from CONACYT (cvu 268632); P.P. is a predoctoral fellow from Xunta de Galicia; M.C. is a "Miguel Servet II" investigator (CPII16/00015). P.P.-R. receives support from a program by the Deputacion de Coruna (BINV-CS/2019). Work in the laboratory of M.C. is funded by grant RTI2018-095818-B-100 (MCIU/AEI/FEDER, UE). P.J.F.-M. is funded by the IMDEA Food Institute, the Ramon Areces Foundation, (CIVP18A3891), and a Ramon y Cajal Award (MICINN) (RYC-2017-22335). M.P.I. is funded by Talento Modalidad-1 Program Grant, Madrid Regional Government (#2018-T1/BIO-11262). F.P. was funded by a Long Term EMBO Fellowship (ALTF-358-2017) and F.H-G. was funded by the PhD4MD Programme of the IRB, Hospital Clinic and IDIBAPS. Work in the laboratory of M.S. was funded by the IRB and by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Economy co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) (SAF2013-48256-R), the European Research Council (ERC-2014-AdG/669622), and "laCaixa" Foundation.S

Gasdermin B expression predicts poor clinical outcome in HER2-positive breast cancer

Altres ajuts: This work has been supported by the Community of Madrid (grant S2010/BMD-2303 to GMB), the Breast Cancer Research Foundation (BCRF) to JA. Alba Mota is a predoctoral student supported by a FPU fellowship (Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport). David Sarrio is a postdoctoral researcher funded by the AECC Scientific Foundation.Around, 30-40% of HER2-positive breast cancers do not show substantial clinical benefit from the targeted therapy and, thus, the mechanisms underlying resistance remain partially unknown. Interestingly, ERBB2 is frequently co-amplified and co-expressed with neighbour genes that may play a relevant role in this cancer subtype. Here, using an in silico analysis of data from 2,096 breast tumours, we reveal a significant correlation between Gasdermin B (GSDMB) gene (located 175 kilo bases distal from ERBB2) expression and the pathological and clinical parameters of poor prognosis in HER2-positive breast cancer. Next, the analysis of three independent cohorts (totalizing 286 tumours) showed that approximately 65% of the HER2-positive cases have GSDMB gene amplification and protein over-expression. Moreover, GSDMB expression was also linked to poor therapeutic responses in terms of lower relapse free survival and pathologic complete response as well as positive lymph node status and the development of distant metastasis under neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment settings, respectively. Importantly, GSDMB expression promotes survival to trastuzumab in different HER2-positive breast carcinoma cells, and is associated with trastuzumab resistance phenotype in vivo in Patient Derived Xenografts. In summary, our data identifies the ERBB2 co-amplified and co-expressed gene GSDMB as a critical determinant of poor prognosis and therapeutic response in HER2-positive breast cancer

Jardins per a la salut

Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona. Ensenyament: Grau de Farmàcia. Assignatura: Botànica farmacèutica. Curs: 2014-2015. Coordinadors: Joan Simon, Cèsar Blanché i Maria Bosch.Els materials que aquí es presenten són el recull de les fitxes botàniques de 128 espècies presents en el Jardí Ferran Soldevila de l’Edifici Històric de la UB. Els treballs han estat realitzats manera individual per part dels estudiants dels grups M-3 i T-1 de l’assignatura Botànica Farmacèutica durant els mesos de febrer a maig del curs 2014-15 com a resultat final del Projecte d’Innovació Docent «Jardins per a la salut: aprenentatge servei a Botànica farmacèutica» (codi 2014PID-UB/054). Tots els treballs s’han dut a terme a través de la plataforma de GoogleDocs i han estat tutoritzats pels professors de l’assignatura. L’objectiu principal de l’activitat ha estat fomentar l’aprenentatge autònom i col·laboratiu en Botànica farmacèutica. També s’ha pretès motivar els estudiants a través del retorn de part del seu esforç a la societat a través d’una experiència d’Aprenentatge-Servei, deixant disponible finalment el treball dels estudiants per a poder ser consultable a través d’una Web pública amb la possibilitat de poder-ho fer in-situ en el propi jardí mitjançant codis QR amb un smartphone