OS DIREITOS SOCIAIS E A CONCILIAÇÃO COMO MECANISMO DE RESOLUÇÃO DE CONFLITOS

O presente artigo versa sobre os direitos sociais e a conciliação como mecanismo para enfrentar a crise produzida pelo excesso de judicialização do Estado de Bem-Estar Social. A conciliação visa imprimir celeridade na solução dos conflitos, diminuição de custos e desgastes. Por meio do método de abordagem hipotético-dedutivo e do método de procedimento histórico, monográfico e dissertativo, com a utilização de pesquisas bibliográficas, a investigação percorreu os seguintes caminhos: partiu do estudo do surgimento dos direitos sociais, as dificuldades do Estado na implementação de tais direitos. Posteriormente dando especial enfoque a conciliação tomada como mecanismo redutor de custos e desgastes entre as relações sociais e estatais, semeadora da cultura da paz e incentivadora do exercício da cidadania. Busca-se, assim, indicar um possível patamar superior das relações entre os privados, produzido a partir do exemplo do Estado na relação com a sociedade, encurtando o caminho de acesso aos direitos, diminuindo gastos públicos e privados, fomentando o exercício democrático da cidadania e a cultura da paz, tudo no intuito de dar eficácia aos objetivos do Estado de Bem-Estar Social e evitar o risco das tentações populistas e/ou autoritárias, esse monstro nem tão adormecido a fustigar as sociedades em crise

Le transfert de savoirs technique et industriel français au Pérou dans les années 1950 et 1960 : l’exemple de la sidérurgie de Chimbote et de la centrale hydroélectrique du Canyon del Pato

Cet article s’interroge sur la transmission du savoir-faire technique et industriel français au Pérou pendant les années 1950 et 1960. Il s’agit d’expliquer comment ce transfert de compétences était mis en place par deux pays différents par leurs économies, mais aux intérêts communs. Il a donc été important de s’intéresser brièvement aux actions diplomatiques et économiques menées pour encourager cette coopération technique. Pour illustrer quels sont les problèmes et les réussites de cette coopération, deux projets industriels ont été étudiés : la centrale hydroélectrique du Canyon del Pato et l’aciérie de Chimbote. Cet article cherche à mettre en évidence l’expertise française au Pérou dans le domaine du génie civil. Les acteurs et les facteurs de ce processus de transmission des savoirs ont été identifiés et problématisés

HIJING 1.0: A Monte Carlo Program for Parton and Particle Production in High Energy Hadronic and Nuclear Collisions

Based on QCD-inspired models for multiple jets production, we developed a Monte Carlo program to study jet and the associated particle production in high energy $pp$, $pA$ and $AA$ collisions. The physics behind the program which includes multiple minijet production, soft excitation, nuclear shadowing of parton distribution functions and jet interaction in dense matter is briefly discussed. A detailed description of the program and instructions on how to use it are given.Comment: 38 pages in LaTex, published in Comp. Phys. Comm. 83, 307 (1994)

Submarine volcanic morphology of the western Galapagos based on EM300 bathymetry and MR1 side-scan sonar

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2007. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems 8 (2007): Q03010, doi:10.1029/2006GC001464.A compilation of high-resolution EM300 multibeam bathymetric and existing MR1 side-scan sonar data was used to investigate the volcanic morphology of the flanks of the western Galápagos Islands. The data portray an assortment of constructional volcanic features on the shallow to deep submarine flanks of Fernandina, Isabela, and Santiago Islands, including rift zones and groups of cones that are considered to be the primary elements in constructing the archipelagic apron. Ten submarine rift zones were mapped, ranging in length from 5 to 20 km, comparable in length to western Canary Island rift zones but significantly shorter than Hawaiian submarine rift zones. A detailed analysis of the northwestern Fernandina submarine rift, including calculated magnetization from a surface-towed magnetic study, suggests that the most recent volcanism has focused at the shallow end of the rift. Small submarine volcanic cones with various morphologies (e.g., pointed, cratered, and occasionally breached) are common in the submarine western Galápagos both on rift zones and on the island flanks where no rifts are present. At depths greater than ∼3000 m, large lava flow fields in regions of low bathymetric relief have been previously identified as a common seafloor feature in the western Galápagos by Geist et al. (2006); however, their source(s) remained enigmatic. The new EM300 data show that a number of the deep lava flows originate from small cones along the mid-lower portion of the NW submarine rift of Fernandina, suggesting that the deep flows owe their origin, at least in part, to submarine rift zone volcanism.Data collected on TN188 was funded by NSF grant OCE0326148 and NOAA grant NA04OAR460009 to S.M.W. Support for data collected on previous multibeam and MR1 cruises was provided by NSF grants OCE9811504 and OCE0002461 (D.J.F.)

Seletividade de herbicidas pós-emergentes isolados ou associados a fertilizante foliar na cultura da soja

Herbicides and foliar fertilizers are commonly associated in soybean crops. However, these mixtures can cause different effects on the plants, therefore requiring further studies. Herein, we assess the selectivity of post-emergence herbicides associated with foliar fertilizer (FF) in soybean crops (Roundup Ready). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments applied were: chlorimuron (17.5 g a.i. ha-1), chlorimuron + FF (17.5 + 693 g a.i. ha-1), cloransulam (40 g a.i. ha-1), cloransulam + FF (40 + 693 g a.i. ha-1), fomesafen (225 g a.i. ha-1), fomesafen + FF (225 + 693 g a.i. ha-1), glyphosate (1,280 g a.i. ha-1), glyphosate + FF (1,280 + 693 g a.i. ha-1), and two controls, being one with manual weeding and the other without weed control. Visual assessments of phytotoxicity and chlorophyll index were carried out weekly from seven to thirty-five days after applying the treatments (DAA). In these periods, chlorophyll levels were also assessed. In addition, the yield, 1000-grain weight, and moisture data were assessed at the end of the crop cycle. Phytotoxicity was higher than 30% when cloransulam and chlorimuron were applied, while phytotoxicity was close to 5% for fomesafen and glyphosate, either in the absence or presence of foliar fertilizer. There was no significant difference in grain yield, 1000-grain weight, and moisture. The association of herbicides with zinc-based foliar fertilizer did not influence the selectivity of post-emergence herbicides applied to the RR soybean.A associação de herbicidas com fertilizantes foliares é comumente adotada na cultura da soja. Entretanto, essas associações podem ocasionar diferentes efeitos quando aplicadas na soja, necessitando portanto de maiores estudos. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a seletividade de herbicidas pós-emergentes associados com fertilizante foliar (FF) à base de zinco na cultura da soja RR (resistente ao glifosato). O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos aplicados foram chlorimuron (17,5 g i.a. ha-1); chlorimuron + FF (17,5 + 693 g i.a. ha-1); cloransulam (40 g i.a. ha-1); cloransulam + FF (40 + 693 g i.a. ha-1); fomesafem (225 g i.a. ha-1); fomesafem + FF (225 + 693 g i.a. ha-1); glyphosate (1.280 g i.a. ha-1); glyphosate + FF (1.280 + 693 g i.a. ha-1) e duas testemunhas sendo uma capinada e outra infestada. Foram realizadas avaliações visuais de fitotoxicidade aos 7, 14, 21, 28 e 35 dias após a aplicação dos tratamentos (DAT), e também nessas épocas os teores de clorofila. Ao final do ciclo da cultura foram determinados os dados referentes a produtividade e o peso de 1000 grãos. A fitotoxicidade foi superior a 30% quando se aplicou o cloransulam e o chlorimuron, enquanto que para o fomesafem e o glyphosate a fitotoxicidade foram próximas a 5%, na ausência ou presença do fertilizante foliar. Não ocorreu diferença significativa para a produtividade de grãos, peso de 1000 grãos e umidade. A associação de herbicidas com fertilizante foliar a base de zinco não influenciou na seletividade dos herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência na cultura da soja RR

Assessing desertification risk using system stability condition analysis

This paper describes a procedure for evaluating the desertification risk in threatened areas. The procedure is based on an eight-equation dynamic model of a generic human–resource system that can be applied to different desertification syndromes. For each application, interest focuses on finding all the possible long-term final states of the system and on defining the conditions that mark out sustainability and long-term desertification by means of unambiguous specific parameter relations. The procedure is applied to three typified cases in Spain: (A) rainfed crops in areas with high soil erosion risk; (B) irrigated intensive agricultural systems; and (C) commercial rangelands. Results show that, in case A, high profit scenarios are responsible for the final extension of desertification but do not determine the specific threshold between sustainability and desertification. They do, however, in cases B and C

Assessing desertification risk using system stability condition analysis

This paper describes a procedure for evaluating the desertification risk in threatened areas. The procedure is based on an eight-equation dynamic model of a generic human–resource system that can be applied to different desertification syndromes. For each application, interest focuses on finding all the possible long-term final states of the system and on defining the conditions that mark out sustainability and long-term desertification by means of unambiguous specific parameter relations. The procedure is applied to three typified cases in Spain: (A) rainfed crops in areas with high soil erosion risk; (B) irrigated intensive agricultural systems; and (C) commercial rangelands. Results show that, in case A, high profit scenarios are responsible for the final extension of desertification but do not determine the specific threshold between sustainability and desertification. They do, however, in cases B and C

Payments for ecosystem services in the tropics: a closer look at effectiveness and equity

We undertake a review of academic literature that examines the effectiveness and equity-related performance of PES initiatives targeting biodiversity conservation in tropical and sub-tropical countries. We investigate the key features of such analyses as regards their analytical and methodological approach and we identify emerging lessons from PES practice, leading to a new suggested research agenda. Our results indicate that analyses of PES effectiveness have to date focused on either ecosystem service provision or habitat proxies, with only half of them making explicit assessment of additionality and most describing that payments have been beneficial for land cover and biodiversity. Studies evaluating the impact of PES on livelihoods suggest more negative outcomes, with an uneven treatment of the procedural and distributive considerations of scheme design and payment distribution, and a large heterogeneity of evaluative frameworks. We propose an agenda for future PES research based on the emerging interest in assessing environmental outcomes more rigorously and documenting social impacts in a more comparative and contextually situated form

Everyday life and locative play: an exploration of Foursquare and playful engagements with space and place

Foursquare is a location-based social network (LBSN) that combines gaming elements with features conventionally associated with social networking sites (SNSs). Following two qualitative studies, this article sets out to explore what impact this overlaying of physical environments with play has on everyday life and experiences of space and place. Drawing on early understandings of play, alongside the flâneur and ‘phoneur’ as respective methods for conceptualizing play in the context of mobility and urbanity, this article examines whether the suggested division between play and ordinary life is challenged by Foursquare, and if so, how this reframing of play is experienced. Second, this article investigates what effect this LBSN has on mobility choices and spatial relationships. Finally, the novel concept of the ‘phoneur’ is posited as a way of understanding how pervasive play through LBSNs acts as a mediating influence on the experience of space and place

The Ursinus Weekly, October 9, 1975

\u2779 elects Delli-Bovi; Jill Leauber fills vacancy • Ursinus hosts family fete • Danforth Foundation offers fellowships • Dept. addition • From the cluttered desk of the U.S.G.A. President • Correction • Editorial: The Fact, after or before • Focus: Dr. Parsons • Overview: Intro. Philosophy • Lions in another Bowl? • The Throwaway children • U.S.G.A. Carnival • Phila. singers open season • Aerosmith: Bedlam • Opportunity for women • Reflections: A letter home • AFC forecast • George McGinnis: $3 million man • Field hockey report • Lebanon Valley crushes Ursinushttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/weekly/1042/thumbnail.jp