Contribución al estudio de los hongos que fructifican sobre la familia "Pinaceae" (Gen. Pinus L.) en España (1ª aportación)

Se realiza un ensayo de trabajo para determinar ciertos grupos de hongos específicos o que muestren apetencia a fructificar sobre restos vegetales del género Pinus, introduciendo signos determinados para estos estudios. Resultan nuevas aportaciones al catálogo micológico español los ocho siguientes táxones: Ascobolus archeri, Coniophorella olivacea, Oidium candicans, Hyphoderma argillaceum, Hyphoderma pallidum, Hipochnicium eichleri, Galerina autumnalis y Galerina stylifera. De las cuales Ascobolus archeri es nueva cita para Europa.In order to determine wether there is any specific group of fungi able to fructify on plant debris from the genus Pinus L., a Sheme of work was made, introducing new signs for it. 8 new taxons are described, being a contribution to the Spanish mycological catalogue. The presence in Spain of Ascobolus archeri formely known only in Tasmania (Australia) should be pointed out

Single photons by quenching the vacuum

Heisenberg's uncertainty principle implies that the quantum vacuum is not empty but fluctuates. These fluctuations can be converted into radiation through nonadiabatic changes in the Hamiltonian. Here, we discuss how to control this vacuum radiation, engineering a single-photon emitter out of a two-level system (2LS) ultrastrongly coupled to a finite-band waveguide in a vacuum state. More precisely, we show the 2LS nonlinearity shapes the vacuum radiation into a nonGaussian superposition of even and odd cat states. When the 2LS bare frequency lays within the band gaps, this emission can be well approximated by individual photons. This picture is confirmed by a characterization of the ground and bound states, and a study of the dynamics with matrix product states and polaron Hamiltonian methods.Comment: 9 pages, 10 figure

One- and two-photon scattering from generalized V-type atoms

The one- and two-photon scattering matrix S is obtained analytically for a one-dimensional waveguide and a point-like scatterer with N excited levels (generalized V -type atom). We argue that the two-photon scattering matrix contains sufficient information to distinguish between different level structures which are equivalent for single-photon scattering, such as a V -atom with N = 2 excited levels and two two-level systems. In particular, we show that the scattering with the V -type atom exhibits a destructive interference effect leading to two-photon Coupled-Resonator-Induced Transparency, where the nonlinear part of the two-photon scattering matrix vanishes when each incident photon fulfills a single-photon condition for transparency

Emergent Causality and the N-photon Scattering Matrix in Waveguide QED

In this work we discuss the emergence of approximate causality in a general setup from waveguide QED -i.e. a one-dimensional propagating field interacting with a scatterer. We prove that this emergent causality translates into a structure for the N-photon scattering matrix. Our work builds on the derivation of a Lieb-Robinson-type bound for continuous models and for all coupling strengths, as well as on several intermediate results, of which we highlight (i) the asymptotic independence of space-like separated wave packets, (ii) the proper definition of input and output scattering states, and (iii) the characterization of the ground state and correlations in the model. We illustrate our formal results by analyzing the two-photon scattering from a quantum impurity in the ultrastrong coupling regime, verifying the cluster decomposition and ground-state nature. Besides, we generalize the cluster decomposition if inelastic or Raman scattering occurs, finding the structure of the S-matrix in momentum space for linear dispersion relations. In this case, we compute the decay of the fluorescence (photon-photon correlations) caused by this S-matrix

TEMPLUM: A Process Adapted Numerical Simulation Code for The 3D Predictive Assessment of Laser Surface Heat Treatments in Planar Geometry

A process adapted numerical simulation code for the 3D predictive assessment of laser heat treatment of materials has been developed. Primarily intended for the analysis of the laser transformation hardening of steels, the code has been successfully applied for the predictive characterization of other metallic and non metallic materials posing specific difficulties from the numerical point of view according to their extreme thermal and absorption properties. Initially based on a conventional FEM calculational structure, the developed code (TEMPLUM) reveals itself as an extremely useful prediction tool with specific process adapted features (not usually available in FEM heat transfer codes) in the field of laser heat treatment applications

Colloidal Nanosilica Treatments for Sealing Cracks in Mortar

Presence of microcracks in concrete can diminish the service life of a structure. The injection of materials for filling the crack is proposed for facing this problem. The traditional materials used for sealing cracks present some drawbacks, such as the difficulties of inorganic materials for flowing to all the depth of the crack and the lack of compatibility with the cementitious matrix in the case of organic materials. In this work, the injection of colloidal nanosilica dispersed in water is proposed for filling microcracks in mortars. The effect of the injection procedure on the sealing performance of the colloidal nanosilica has been assessed. The ability of colloidal nanosilica for penetrating through the crack and its posterior gelification-solidification inside the crack after a curing period have been confirmed. The microscopic analysis of a cross-section of the crack indicates that the sealing ability of the nanosilica seems to be not only due to the filling of the crack but also to chemical interactions with the cementitious phases of the surrounding crack sides

Uso de la palma Attalea butyracea como tienda de percha por el murciélago Uroderma bilobatum en Oaxaca, México

The use of tent roosts by phyllostomid bats has been poorly documented in Mexico. We report the use of tent roosts by the tent-making bat (Uroderma bilobatum) with palm fronds of Attalea butyracea in a riparian forest of the state of Oaxaca, southeastern Mexico

Marketing de experiencias, creación de un producto turístico: ruta milenaria de atún

A medida que el modelo turístico tradicional comienza a saturarse, las Administraciones Públicas y la industria turística buscan alternativas que proporcionen una respuesta a una demanda cada vez más exigente y segmentada, que busca experiencias y vivencias en los destinos turísticos y una experiencia total que incluya ocio, cultura e interacción social. El presente trabajo analiza cómo, desde el Grupo Desarrollo Pesquero Cádiz-Estrecho, se está diseñando y comercializando un producto turístico experiencial: La Ruta Milenaria del Atún. El proyecto da un paso más en la creación de productos turísticos relacionados con el mar y la pesca en la zona del litoral gaditano, planteando opciones de turismo alternativo que contribuyen a la desestacionalización, siguiendo los preceptos del turismo sostenible. La Ruta Milenaria del Atún se basa en cuatro productos: Raíces (patrimonio/cultura), Sabores (gastronomía), Vida (patrimonio medioambiental) y Emociones (turismo activo). Como actividad de Turismo Pesquero, el proyecto supone la creación de un nuevo producto de turismo alternativo que responde a la creciente demanda de valores ambientales y tradiciones culturales de las zonas costeras. Para ello, se cuenta con una red de empresas que ofrecen actividades muy variadas dentro de un nuevo concepto de turismo multisectorial, sostenible y diferenciado del turismo tradicional de la región.As the traditional model of tourism begins to become saturated, Public Administrations and the tourist industry are looking for alternatives that provide a response to an increasingly demanding and segmented, demand that seeks experiences and involvements in tourism destinations and a total experience that includes culture, leisure and social interaction.This paper analyzes how, from the Grupo Desarrollo Cádiz-Estrecho, is designing and planning a marketing project for an experiential tourism product: La Ruta Milenaria del Atún. The project goes one step further in the creation of tourist products related to the sea and fishing in the area of the Cadiz coast, proposing alternative travel options contributing to the deseasonalisation premium, following the precepts of sustainable tourism. The Ruta Milenaria del Atún it is based on four products: Roots (cultural/heritage), Flavors (gastronomy), Life (environmental heritage) and Emotions (active tourism). As tourism fishing activity, the project involves the creation of a new tourism product alternative that responds to the growing demand for environmental values and cultural traditions of the coastal areas. To this end, it boasts a network of companies that offer very varied activities within a new concept of multi-sectoral, sustainable and differentiated from the traditional tourism of the region tourism

Fatigue strain fields comparison between Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction and 3D Numerical computation in a bainitic steel.

Engineers prioritize resource preservation when designing lightweight materials, but fatigue can pose challenges. Although various experimental methods exist for studying fatigue cracks, some are only effective for transparent materials. For example, transmission photo-elasticity is limited in application, and post-failure metallography and micro-indentation cannot be adopted during mechanical testing. However, Synchrotron X-ray diffraction experiments can obtain valuable data from the bulk of metallic materials. A study was done on a 12mm thick Compact Tension bainitic steel sample (used in civil engineering and Wind offshore industry). A fatigue test was conducted by applying 51,000 loading cycles at a frequency of 10 Hz, ΔP=14.9KN (0.5kN to 15.4kN), followed by a 24.5 kN load. We analyzed the strain fields along the crack growth direction (εxx) and loading direction (εyy). Both experimental and Finite Element Methods data showed promising results with similar strain field shapes and values, showing as well consistency with mode I loading.Authors are grateful for the beam time granted by the ESRF (MA1483). Authors would also like to acknowledge the financial support of Programa Operativo FEDER (Junta de Andalucia, Spain) through grant reference UMA18-FEDERJA-250. This work was also supported by the Henry Royce Institute for Advanced Materials, funded through EPSRC grants EP/R00661X/1, EP/S019367/1, EP/P025021/1, and EP/P025498/1 and the European Social Found, through the Youth Employment Initiative, grant reference UMAJI84. The authors are especially thankful to Manuel Carrera for his help in the early stages of this study. We would also acknowledge funding for open access charge: Universidad de Malaga / CBUA. Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech