Survey and 3D modelling of underground heritage spaces with complex geometry: surface optimisation for association with HBIM methodology

The historic centres of many cities have interior underground cavities or empty spaces dating from different periods. This paper establishes guidelines for systematising and simplifying the collection of data from underground heritage spaces, with the ultimate aim of facilitating the management of the information obtained and encouraging the conservation and public appreciation of this type of heritage hidden beneath the surface of our cities. The case study selected is a Roman cistern belonging to the network of underground heritage structures in Carmona. The photogrammetric survey conducted presented an additional complexity due to the small size of the space and its underground location. As the next step in the research, a 3D model is created. Lastly, a set of optimised strategies specific is proposed to the unique nature of this type of heritage

The diclosure of corporate social responsibility information in public administrations: an empirical study in local governments

Las prácticas de divulgación de Responsabilidad Social Corporativa (RSC) son cada vez más utilizadas por las grandes compañías como instrumentos para eliminar las asimetrías de información entre los stakeholders. En el caso de las administraciones públicas, aunque las exigencias de los ciudadanos son cada vez mayores en materia de transparencia y de rendición de cuentas, la difusión de información RSC es un tema todavía poco estudiado. Este trabajo pretende realizar una primera aproximación a la difusión de información RSC en las administraciones locales españolas y su finalidad principal es conocer las debilidades y fortalezas que, en materia de RSC, tienen los sistemas de información de estas entidades, identificando oportunidades de mejora que orienten futuras investigaciones. Para ello, hemos analizado los sitios web de 55 grandes gobiernos locales, obteniendo conclusiones sobre la difusión de información general acerca de RSC así como sobre la publicación de información económica, social y medioambiental. Los resultados revelan que las mayores carencias de publicación de información RSC corresponden a la información medioambiental, mientras que la información social es la más divulgada. Asimismo, el tamaño de la entidad, la competencia política y el signo del partido gobernante, no explican el desarrollo de las prácticas de difusión de información RSC.The disclosure practices of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) are increasingly used by large companies in order to eliminate information asymmetries between stakeholders. Instead, the disclosure of CSR information for governments is a topic little studied yet, though the demands of citizens are increasing in transparency and accountability. This paper attempts a first approach to information CSR dissemination in Spanish local governments. Its main purpose is to know the strengths and weaknesses about CSR of information systems of these entities, identifying opportunities for improvement to guide future research. To do this, we analyzed the websites of 55 large local governments, drawing conclusions about the disclosure of CSR general information and about the publication of on economic, social and environmental information. The results reveal that the major shortcomings in CSR disclosure are related to environmental information, while social information is the most published. Also, the size of the entity, political competition and the political sign of the government, do not explain the development of disclosure of RSC information.Esta investigación fue realizada con la financiación de la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía, Consejería de Innovación, Ciencia y Empresa (Proyecto de Investigación nº ECO2010-17463 y Proyecto de Investigación nº ECO2010- 20522) así como del Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Proyecto de Innovación ECO 2010-17463, ECON-FEDER)

Un sistema normalizado de indicadores de gestión aplicable a los ayuntamientos andaluces. El proyecto Sinigal II y su aplicación al servicio de cultura

Como es bien sabido, los indicadores de gestión representan instrumentos de gran utilidad para lograr la mejora de la calidad en los servicios prestados por las administraciones públicas y en sus actuaciones, contribuyendo así a la modernización del sector público tradicional, que viene presidida, fundamentalmente, por la introducción de la competencia y el mercado y por la gestión orientada hacia el ciudadano. Así, gracias a un convenio de colaboración suscrito entre estas tres instituciones, un grupo de profesores del Departamento de Economía Financiera y Contabilidad de dicha Universidad ha podido trabajar en un proyecto que pretende la aplicación real de indicadores de gestión en entidades locales andaluzas, constando la investigación de dos grandes etapas, denominadas SINIGAL I y SINIGAL II. Palabras clave: indicadores, gestión, datos, indicadores eficiencia, gestores ,proyecto sinigal. A standardized system of management indicators applicable to Andalusian town councils. The Sinigal II project and its application to the service of culture Abstract: As is well known, management indicators represent highly useful instruments to improve the quality of the services provided by public administrations and in their actions, thus contributing to the modernization of the traditional public sector, which is presided over, fundamentally, by by introducing competition and the market and by citizen-oriented management. Thus, thanks to a collaboration agreement signed between these three institutions, a group of professors from the Department of Financial Economics and Accounting of said University has been able to work on a project that aims to apply real management indicators in local Andalusian entities, including the investigation of two large stages, called SINIGAL I and SINIGAL II. Keywords: indicators, management, data, efficiency indicators, managers, sinigal projec

The Influence of Socio-Demographic Factors on Financial Sustainability of Public Services: A Comparative Analysis in Regional Governments and Local Governments

In recent years, financial sustainability (FS) of public policies has become a key concept in all governmental levels due to the need for ensuring public services delivery for future generations. Prior research has been focused on the financial sustainability in local governments (LGs) although its findings suggested the need to analyze this magnitude in other levels of government because political decisions could be different in each type of public entity. So, FS has also become very relevant in the Regional Government (RGs) context because their public policies affect not only at the regional level but also the local one. Therefore, from a comparative approach, this paper seeks to identify socio-demographic factors which could influence on the financial sustainability, in the Spanish context for both LGs vs. RGS in order to establish public policies to make sustainable public goods and services. Findings demonstrate that differences in influential factors between these two levels of public administration exist: factors such as population size and foreign population could have an effect on the financial sustainability of both governmental levels while the unemployment rate, dependent population, and population density affect differently on LGs and RGs

Generación de una base cartográfica para la contextualización de elementos patrimoniales subterráneos en la ciudad de Carmona (Sevilla)

Los centros históricos de muchas ciudades contienen en su subsuelo las trazas de las ciudades de las distintas civilizaciones que la han habitado, cuando estas no quedan representadas caen en el olvido. Esta situación se agrava cuando se trata de elementos que fueron ideados como subterráneos desde su origen. Es el caso del conjunto de estructuras subterráneas patrimoniales de Carmona (Sevilla). La localización de estos objetos patrimoniales invisibles a simple vista desde la ciudad contemporánea es esencial para favorecer su conocimiento y salvaguarda. El primer paso en el análisis emprendido sobre estas estructuras fue realizar una revisión de la cartografía histórica, desde las primeras representaciones de la ciudad hasta la cartografía vectorial, con la intención de detectar las más relevantes y buscar en ellas información de los elementos ocultos. El segundo paso consistió en crear con ellos la base de un sistema de información geográfica (GIS) específico para la identificación y contextualización de este tipo de elementos patrimoniales

Predictors of Response to Exclusive Enteral Nutrition in Newly Diagnosed Crohn´s Disease in Children: PRESENCE Study from SEGHNP

Exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) has been shown to be more effective than corticosteroids in achieving mucosal healing in children with Crohn´s disease (CD) without the adverse effects of these drugs. The aims of this study were to determine the efficacy of EEN in terms of inducing clinical remission in children newly diagnosed with CD, to describe the predictive factors of response to EEN and the need for treatment with biological agents during the first 12 months of the disease. We conducted an observational retrospective multicentre study that included paediatric patients newly diagnosed with CD between 2014–2016 who underwent EEN. Two hundred and twenty-two patients (140 males) from 35 paediatric centres were included, with a mean age at diagnosis of 11.6 ± 2.5 years. The median EEN duration was 8 weeks (IQR 6.6–8.5), and 184 of the patients (83%) achieved clinical remission (weighted paediatric Crohn’s Disease activity index [wPCDAI] 15 mg/L and ileal involvement tended to respond better to EEN. EEN administered for 6–8 weeks is effective for inducing clinical remission. Due to the high response rate in our series, EEN should be used as the first-line therapy in luminal paediatric Crohn’s disease regardless of the location of disease and disease activityS

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio