La Suisse romande au prisme des représentations des immigrés italiens

International audienceLa Suisse a été depuis au moins le XIXe siècle une sorte d’Eldorado pour beaucoup d’Italiens à la recherche de meilleures conditions de vie ainsi que d’opportunités impensables dans leur pays d’origine. Dans cette communication nous nous proposons d’analyser le point de vue de l’une des communauté étrangères les plus anciennes de la Confédération, à partir de la parole autobiographique (publiée) de deux immigrées italiennes – la première, émigrée dans l’après-guerre, est originaire des montagnes de la province de Bergame ; la seconde est arrivée des Pouilles aux cours des années soixante. Ces témoignages seront accompagnés par quelques représentations de la Suisse romande tirées de l’œuvre de l'écrivain Adrien Pasquali (né dans le Valais, mais fils d'une famille de migrants de la région de Gênes). Les récits de vie intéressent non seulement les études littéraires mais aussi les recherches en sciences sociales car elles permettent d’interroger par un double regard – dedans/dehors – des questions fondamentales telles que le repli sur soi, la fermeture à l’autre, ou au contraire la capacité d’accueil et, dans le cas présent, de saisir dans sa dimension sensible la place des immigrés (ici Italiens) dans la société suisse

La Suisse romande au prisme du vécu et des représentations des immigrés italiens – Une approche par l’écriture (im)migrante

International audienceSwitzerland constituted since the nineteenth century a kind of El Dorado for many Italians in search of better living conditions. This article aims to observe French-speaking Switzerland in the prism of the real-life experience and the representations of one of foreign communities most formerly settled on its territory. The reflection leans on the autobiographical narratives (published) by two Italian immigrants, Carla Belotti and Marie-Rose De Donno, and the extracts of l'Éloge du migrant by Adrien Pasquali, writer born in Valais in a family native of Liguria. These (im)migrant writings constitute a fertile observation field of intercultural phenomena which characterize the contemporary societies because they allow to question by a double look - inside / outside - fundamental issues such as the withdrawal, the lock in the other one, or on the contrary, the welcome capacity and, in this case, to seize, in its sensitive dimension, the place of immigrants (Italians here ) in the Swiss society.Au-delà des concepts qui tentent de cerner leurs contours imprécis, qu'elles aient été nommées comme au Québec, littératures migrantes ou comme en France littératures de l’immigration, ces écritures migrantes constituent, depuis les travaux pionniers de Pierre Nepveu, un terrain d'observation fécond des phénomènes interculturels qui caractérisent les sociétés contemporaines. Pour cette raison, les « récits de migration » intéressent non seulement les études littéraires mais aussi les recherches en sciences sociales car ils permettent d'interroger par un double regard – dedans/dehors – des questions fondamentales telles que le repli sur soi, la fermeture à l’autre, ou au contraire la capacité d'accueil et de saisir dans sa dimension sensible la place des immigrés : ici les Italiens dans la société suisse. Cet article se propose donc d'observer l'accueil des migrants en Suisse à partir du point de vue de la communauté italienne, l'une des plus anciennes communauté étrangères de la Confédération. Le corpus est principalement constitué par les récits autobiographiques (publiés) de deux immigrées italiennes, Carla Belotti, originaire des montagnes de la province de Bergame, une émigrée de l’immédiat après-guerre, et Marie-Rose De Donno, venue des Pouilles dans les années 1960. Ces témoignages sont complétés par quelques extraits de l'Éloge du migrant d'Adrien Pasquali, écrivain né dans le Valais d'une famille originaire de Ligurie

Zephyr: The Fourth Issue

This is the fourth issue of Zephyr, the University of New England\u27s journal of creative expression. Since 2000, Zephyr has published original drawings, paintings, photography, prose, and verse created by current and former members of the University community. Zephyr\u27s Editorial Board is made up exclusively of matriculating students.https://dune.une.edu/zephyr/1003/thumbnail.jp

The MD Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI) survey discloses persistent moderate to high-level symptoms in cancer survivors

cancer survivorship care; patient reported outcomeshttps://openworks.mdanderson.org/acif24/1006/thumbnail.jp

Tree encroachment may lead to functionally-significant changes in peatland testate amoeba communities

Climate change is likely to cause increased tree recruitment on open peatlands but we currently have little idea what consequences this vegetation change may have below-ground. Here we use transects across forested to open bog ecotones at three Russian peatland complexes to assess potential changes in the most abundant group of peatland protists - the testate amoebae. We show that the testate amoeba communities of forested and open bog are markedly different with a very abrupt boundary at, or near, the vegetation ecotone. Changes along our transects suggest that tree encroachment may reduce the trophic level of testate amoeba communities and reduce the contribution of mixotrophic testate amoebae to primary production. Our study strongly suggests that increased tree recruitment on open peatlands will have important consequences for both microbial biodiversity and microbially-mediated ecosystem processes

Predicting breast cancer response to neoadjuvant treatment using multi-feature MRI: results from the I-SPY 2 TRIAL.

Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI provides both morphological and functional information regarding breast tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The purpose of this retrospective study is to test if prediction models combining multiple MRI features outperform models with single features. Four features were quantitatively calculated in each MRI exam: functional tumor volume, longest diameter, sphericity, and contralateral background parenchymal enhancement. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the relationship between MRI variables and pathologic complete response (pCR). Predictive performance was estimated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). The full cohort was stratified by hormone receptor (HR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status (positive or negative). A total of 384 patients (median age: 49 y/o) were included. Results showed analysis with combined features achieved higher AUCs than analysis with any feature alone. AUCs estimated for the combined versus highest AUCs among single features were 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.76, 0.86) versus 0.79 (95% CI: 0.73, 0.85) in the full cohort, 0.83 (95% CI: 0.77, 0.92) versus 0.73 (95% CI: 0.61, 0.84) in HR-positive/HER2-negative, 0.88 (95% CI: 0.79, 0.97) versus 0.78 (95% CI: 0.63, 0.89) in HR-positive/HER2-positive, 0.83 (95% CI not available) versus 0.75 (95% CI: 0.46, 0.81) in HR-negative/HER2-positive, and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.74, 0.91) versus 0.75 (95% CI: 0.64, 0.83) in triple negatives. Multi-feature MRI analysis improved pCR prediction over analysis of any individual feature that we examined. Additionally, the improvements in prediction were more notable when analysis was conducted according to cancer subtype

Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Vaccine Vectors Expressing Filovirus Glycoproteins Lack Neurovirulence in Nonhuman Primates

The filoviruses, Marburg virus and Ebola virus, cause severe hemorrhagic fever with high mortality in humans and nonhuman primates. Among the most promising filovirus vaccines under development is a system based on recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) that expresses an individual filovirus glycoprotein (GP) in place of the VSV glycoprotein (G). The main concern with all replication-competent vaccines, including the rVSV filovirus GP vectors, is their safety. To address this concern, we performed a neurovirulence study using 21 cynomolgus macaques where the vaccines were administered intrathalamically. Seven animals received a rVSV vector expressing the Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV) GP; seven animals received a rVSV vector expressing the Lake Victoria marburgvirus (MARV) GP; three animals received rVSV-wild type (wt) vector, and four animals received vehicle control. Two of three animals given rVSV-wt showed severe neurological symptoms whereas animals receiving vehicle control, rVSV-ZEBOV-GP, or rVSV-MARV-GP did not develop these symptoms. Histological analysis revealed major lesions in neural tissues of all three rVSV-wt animals; however, no significant lesions were observed in any animals from the filovirus vaccine or vehicle control groups. These data strongly suggest that rVSV filovirus GP vaccine vectors lack the neurovirulence properties associated with the rVSV-wt parent vector and support their further development as a vaccine platform for human use

Plasticity in dendroclimatic response across the distribution range of Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis)

We investigated the variability of the climate-growth relationship of Aleppo pine across its distribution range in the Mediterranean Basin. We constructed a network of tree-ring index chronologies from 63 sites across the region. Correlation function analysis identified the relationships of tree-ring index to climate factors for each site. We also estimated the dominant climatic gradients of the region using principal component analysis of monthly, seasonal, and annual mean temperature and total precipitation from 1,068 climatic gridpoints. Variation in ring width index was primarily related to precipitation and secondarily to temperature. However, we found that the dendroclimatic relationship depended on the position of the site along the climatic gradient. In the southern part of the distribution range, where temperature was generally higher and precipitation lower than the regional average, reduced growth was also associated with warm and dry conditions. In the northern part, where the average temperature was lower and the precipitation more abundant than the regional average, reduced growth was associated with cool conditions. Thus, our study highlights the substantial plasticity of Aleppo pine in response to different climatic conditions. These results do not resolve the source of response variability as being due to either genetic variation in provenance, to phenotypic plasticity, or a combination of factors. However, as current growth responses to inter-annual climate variability vary spatially across existing climate gradients, future climate-growth relationships will also likely be determined by differential adaptation and/or acclimation responses to spatial climatic variation. The contribution of local adaptation and/or phenotypic plasticity across populations to the persistence of species under global warming could be decisive for prediction of climate change impacts across populations. In this sense, a more complex forest dynamics modeling approach that includes the contribution of genetic variation and phenotypic plasticity can improve the reliability of the ecological inferences derived from the climate-growth relationships.This work was partially supported by Spanish Ministry of Education and Science co-funded by FEDER program (CGL2012-31668), the European Union and the National Ministry of Education and Religion of Greece (EPEAEK- Environment – Archimedes), the Slovenian Research Agency (program P4-0015), and the USDA Forest Service. The cooperation among international partners was supported by the COST Action FP1106, STREeSS