Biodiesel industry waste recovery in agriculture

International audienceWe examine in this study the possibility of using biodiesel industry waste mixed with urban sewage sludge as a source of nutrients for the production and seedling development in agriculture. Biodiesel industry waste is diatomaceous earth (DE) compounds and paraffin. We added DE with urban sewage sludge. The advantage of this operation is to eliminate the two wastes, residues of the biodiesel industry and sludge from wastewater treatment plants. We studied the behavior of Camaldulensis Eucalyptus and white mulberry (Morus Alba Yu vc-62).The Dickson Quality Index (DQI) of White Mulberry and Camaldulensis Eucalyptus plants tested in different substrates (urban sewage sludge and DE) are all above the minimum recommended value of 0.2. The Camaldulensis Eucalyptus and white mulberry (Morus Alba) plants have good growth in substrates containing urban sewage sludge and diatomaceous earth compared to commercial substrate used as control. Biodiesel industry waste can used up to 50% by volume of the substrate without compromising the quality of the plants with a reduction in the cost of production

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Patologias atuais: a compulsão e a sociedade dos excessos: Current pathologies: compulsion and the society of excesses

O artigo em tela tem por objetivo analisar os aspectos biopsicossociais da conduta compulsiva de consumo. Propõe-se a apresentar os elementos psicológicos contidos nesse comportamento, além de verificar quais são os resultados decorrentes dessa compulsão. O consumo compulsivo, também chamado de oniomania, é um transtorno causado pela ansiedade despertada pela necessidade de comprar e saciada, somente, quando é materializada a aquisição daquilo que se deseja comprar. O estudo em questão pode ser classificado como sendo de cunho bibliográfico, a partir da análise de documentos publicados em forma de artigos científicos e livros em formato digital

Educomunicação e suas áreas de intervenção: Novos paradigmas para o diálogo intercultural

oai:omp.abpeducom.org.br:publicationFormat/1O material aqui divulgado representa, em essência, a contribuição do VII Encontro Brasileiro de Educomunicação ao V Global MIL Week, da UNESCO, ocorrido na ECA/USP, entre 3 e 5 de novembro de 2016. Estamos diante de um conjunto de 104 papers executivos, com uma média de entre 7 e 10 páginas, cada um. Com este rico e abundante material, chegamos ao sétimo e-book publicado pela ABPEducom, em seus seis primeiros anos de existência. A especificidade desta obra é a de trazer as “Áreas de Intervenção” do campo da Educomunicação, colocando-as a serviço de uma meta essencial ao agir educomunicativo: o diálogo intercultural, trabalhado na linha do tema geral do evento internacional: Media and Information Literacy: New Paradigms for Intercultural Dialogue

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Metais pesados e sílico-fitólitos em Setaria vulpiseta cultivada em área de mineração em Riacho dos Machados-MG

Exportado OPUSMade available in DSpace on 2019-08-13T09:57:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 mariana_ferreira_rabelo_fernandes.pdf: 1239726 bytes, checksum: 6ee697ec5739f0a5ec3d4a80f6c24222 (MD5) Previous issue date: 31A contaminação por metais pesados é uma das maiores preocupações dos dias atuais, uma vez que pode acarretar problemas de saúde pública. Atualmente, um dos principais problemas enfrentados com a prática da mineração é a alteração do fluxo geoquímico e do fluxo natural dos metais pesados, aumentando, assim, a liberação destes na biosfera. O uso de plantas para fitorremediar solos contaminados por metais pesados é uma alternativa aos métodos convencionais, desde que utilizada corretamente. Em áreas contaminadas, as plantas da família Poaceae assumem um importante papel na recuperação dos solos, visto que apresentam capacidade de formar grandes quantidades de sílico-fitólitos (opala-gênica), os quais sequestram metais pesados. Os fitólitos são partículas de sílica amorfa, com tamanho entre 10 e 200 micra, resultantes da absorção de ácido silícico Si(OH4) do solo pelas plantas; eles se formam por processos de polimerização do ácido silícico, o que faz com que a sílica amorfa se precipite junto com metais nas células de diversas plantas. Os fitólitos formados têm grande estabilidade, podendo demandar milhares de anos para a sua decomposição, o que elimina o risco de contaminação da cadeia trófica. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o potencial fitorremediador de metais em gramínea da espécie Setaria vulpiseta e no solo de áreas de mineração na região de Riacho dos Machados - MG. Foram coletadas 56 amostras de solo, sendo 28 amostras coletadas na profundidade de 0-5 cm e 28 amostras na profundidade de 5-20 cm e 28 amostras vegetais em áreas com altos teores de metais. As análises foram conduzidas no Laboratório de Agroquímica e no Laboratório de Resíduos Sólidos do ICA/UFMG. Nestes laboratórios, foram feitas a extração, identificação e quantificação de fitólitos e metais pesados neles presentes. Ainda, foram quantificados os metais pesados tanto no solo quanto nos tecidos orgânicos das plantas. Para análise das variáveis, foram calculados os intervalos de confiança da média, utilizando-se o teste t a 10% de probabilidade. Dessa forma, concluiu-se que a área apresenta risco de elevação dos metais pesados As, Cu, Zn e Cr, estando o Cr já em nível de intervenção agrícola. Ainda, verifica-se que as plantas absorvem As, Cu e Zn, todavia parte desses metais é sequestrada por sílico-fitólitos. Mesmo que esses metais fiquem retidos nos fitólitos, o Cu encontra-se em nível que pode causar toxidez às plantas. Os solos da área estudada apresentam boa fertilidade e pH adequado ao crescimento e desenvolvimento da Setaria vulpiseta, necessitando apenas de correção dos níveis de fósforo e de irrigação para atingir maior produtividade ao longo do ano.The heavy metal contamination is a major concern nowadays, since it can cause public health problems. Currently, one of the main problems due to mining is changing the geochemical flow and natural flow of heavy metals, thus increasing their release in the biosphere. The use of plants to remediate soils contaminated by heavy metals is an alternative to conventional methods, when used correctly. In contaminated areas, plants of the family Poaceae play an important role in soil remediation, as they can forme large amounts of sand-phytolith (opal-gene), which sequester heavy metals. The phytolith are amorphous silica particles with size between 10 and 200 microns, which result of absorption of silicic acid Si (OH4) from soil by the plants. They are formed by polymerising processes of silicic acid, which causes the amorphous silica to precipitate with metals in the cells of various plants. The formed phytolith have great stability, may require thousands of years for its decomposition, thus eliminating the risk of contamination of the food chain. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the phytoremediation potential of metals on the grass of Setaria vulpiseta species and in the soil from mining areas in Riacho dos Machados-MG. We collected 56 soil samples, 28 samples collected at depth of 0-5 cm and 28 samples at depth of 5-20 cm, and 28 plant samples in areas with high levels of metals. The analyses were conducted in Agrochemical Laboratory and Laboratory of Solid Residue at the ICA/UFMG. In these laboratories we made the extraction, identification and quantification of phytoliths and heavy metals. The heavy metals also were quantified in the soil and in the organic tissues of the plants. For analysis of the variables, we calculated the average confidence intervals using the t test at 10% probability. Thus, it was concluded that the area presents a risk of increase heavy metals As, Cu, Zn and Cr, being the Cr already at level of agricultural intervention. It was observed that plants absorb As, Cu e Zn; however, part of these metals is sequestrated by sand-phytolith. Though these metals are retained in phytolith, Cu is at a level that may be toxic to plants. The studied soils have good fertility and pH suitable for the growth and development of Setaria vulpiseta, requiring only correction of phosphorus levels and of irrigation to achieve greater productivity throughout the year

Biodiesel solid waste and urban sludge sewage as a soil amendment for the seedlings production of <i>Eucalyptus Camaldulensis</i> and <i>Morus Alba</i>

International audienceWe examine in this study a possibility of use the biodiesel industry waste as a source of nutrients for the production and development of seedlings seems like a very good option. We added the diatomaceous earth residues of Biodiesel with sludge from urban wastewater treatment or manure to stimulate the activity of soil bacterial. The Dickson Quality Index (DQI) values Eucalyptus Camaldulensis and Morus Alba seedlings growing in test substrates with sewage sludge and diatomaceous earth are all higher than the recommended minimum value of 0.2. The treatments with manure and diatomaceous earth do not meet the desired quality standard. The Eucalyptus Camaldulensis and Morus Alba seedlings have good growth in substrates containing sewage sludge and diatomaceous earth than only the commercial substrate. They can use up to 50% by volume of the substrate without compromising the seedlings quality with a reduction of cost of seedlings productio

Biodiesel industry waste recovery in agriculture

International audienceWe examine in this study the possibility of using biodiesel industry waste mixed with urban sewage sludge as a source of nutrients for the production and seedling development in agriculture. Biodiesel industry waste is diatomaceous earth (DE) compounds and paraffin. We added DE with urban sewage sludge. The advantage of this operation is to eliminate the two wastes, residues of the biodiesel industry and sludge from wastewater treatment plants. We studied the behavior of Camaldulensis Eucalyptus and white mulberry (Morus Alba Yu vc-62).The Dickson Quality Index (DQI) of White Mulberry and Camaldulensis Eucalyptus plants tested in different substrates (urban sewage sludge and DE) are all above the minimum recommended value of 0.2. The Camaldulensis Eucalyptus and white mulberry (Morus Alba) plants have good growth in substrates containing urban sewage sludge and diatomaceous earth compared to commercial substrate used as control. Biodiesel industry waste can used up to 50% by volume of the substrate without compromising the quality of the plants with a reduction in the cost of production

Arsenic, copper and zinc in the organic tissues and in the silica phytoliths of Setaria vulpiseta growing on a contaminated soil of in a gold mining area

International audienceSilica phytoliths from the leaves of Setaria vulpiseta (Lam.) Roem. & Schult growing spontaneously on gold-mine contaminated soil were extracted using the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 3052 method (HNO3+HCl+HF) and analyzed for Cu, Zn, and As content. The leaves of the plants and the soil were also analyzed for Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, and As content by the EPA-3050 method (HNO3). The main objective was to determine the amounts of heavy metals present in the soil and organic part of the leaves and inside the structure of the silica phytoliths. The results show that the silica phytoliths comprise 3.9 % of the dry matter of leaves, and retain and store considerable amounts of heavy metals, especially Cu. In addition, we demonstrate that when the metals are estimated by the conventional acid digestion method (without HF), the amounts of metals absorbed by the plants are under-estimated because the silica phytoliths are not dissolved. Therefore, it is necessary to add the amounts of heavy metals found inside the phytoliths to the total amounts found in the organic part of the leaves. The silica phytoliths have high ability to sequester metals and make them unavailable in the environment. Our study should help in developing phytoremediation strategies using plants with high amounts of phytoliths