A injunção como acontecimento : sobre o desencadeamento de crises psicóticas

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia Clínica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Clínica e Cultura, 2012.Este trabalho disserta sobre uma pista formal, chamada injunção, que é apontada como elemento desencadeador de uma crise psicótica. O foco é no que este termo traz de clarificação ao conceito psicanalítico de foraclusão, bem como de Nome-do-Pai. Para tanto é realizado um estudo de caso onde a referida pista formal é tematizada. A estrutura clínica conhecida como psicose é colocada em relação a neurose, outra estrutura clínica, dominante no meio social. Essa mesma discussão diz do conceito de foraclusão enquanto negativo, ou seja, não a afirmação de algo positivo inscrito no sujeito, mas algo que dá vazão à necessidade no laço social de referência ao Nome-do-Pai, função constitutiva do meio simbólico em que vivemos e que é injungida a cada um. Na psicose, o que ocorre é a impossibilidade de responder a isso pelos meios sintomáticos da neurose. A injunção é tomada portanto como o ponto limite do conceito de foraclusão enquanto negativo. A manifestação do conteúdo foracluído é seu retorno no real e o trabalho necessário à sua integração simbólica, por mais que isto possa não acontecer em alguns casos. Tudo isso já aponta para a dificuldade de tomar o conceito de maneira positiva, ou seja, como algo já presente no psiquismo de quem possa sofrer uma crise psicótica. O estudo de caso é uma tentativa de articular isso a um tratamento psicanalítico em uma primeira crise. O estudo de caso aponta a intangibilidade da injunção enquanto momento. Pode ser desde uma palavra, uma frase, até o discurso efetivamente realizado em sua dimensão diacrônica. A este acontecimento nem sempre tem a conotação de algo violento, como o sema de imposição violenta que tem a palavra injunção pode ter. Ao tomar estas conclusões revalorizamos a dimensão de função que um conceito como “Nome-do-Pai” pode ter em detrimento do fato de ser um significante. O próprio modo de resposta à injunção nos leva a um questionamento a respeito da tomada de posição neurótica, que diz respeito a uma falta, a um pedaço, e a tomada de posição psicótica, que diz respeito a totalidades ou fragmentações desta totalidade. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACThis writing goes through a formal trail called injunction. It´s pointed out as a trigger for a psychotic crisis. The emphasis here is that this concept brings clarification to the psychoanalytical concept of forclusion, as well it does for the concept of the Name-of-the-Father. To do such, a case study is made, in which the referred formal trail is explored. The clinical structure known as psychosis is put in relation to other clinical structure, the neurosis. The latter is dominant in the social environment. The same discussion is linked to the forclusion as a negative concept, in other terms, something that goes along with the demand given for everyone to refer itself to the Name-of-the-Father. This attitude is not the same as stating that the forclusion is not the affirmation of something alrealdy inscripted in the subject. The psychosis is a response that differs from the symptomatic neurotic response. The injunction is the limit point of the forclusion concept as a negative one. Aiming to study it, we discuss the concept of forclusion as its own return and the work needed to integrate it, even though that may not happen in some cases. There is a problematic side of taking this concept as a positive one, meaning something already present in the psyche of someone who might suffer of a psychotic crisis in the future. The case study is the articulation of what was said before within a psychoanalytical treatment of a first psychotic-type crisis. We stress the quality of the notion as a happening as irruption of the real. It demands for a new order of things in the life of the subject, which might experience a psychotic crisis that may lead to a disintegration known as imaginary dissolution. The case study finally points out to the intangibility of the injunction as a moment. It may be a word, a sentence, and even the discourse effectively made in its diachronic dimension. This happening not always have the connotation of an order imposed with violence. It might be even a something tender. By taking these conclusions, we reevaluate the assumption of the Name-of-the-Father as a significant, it is mainly a function

Optimization of gold core-mesoporous silica shell functionalization with TPGS and PEI for cancer therapy

Photothermal therapy (PTT) has captured the attention of different researchers around the world, since the application of NIR light responsive-nanomaterials has shown promising results in cancer therapy. Gold-core mesoporous silica shell (Au-MSS) nanoparticles allow the combination of gold mediated PTT with the drug delivery in order to improve their therapeutic potential. In this study, two different methodologies, electrostatic or chemical linkage, were explored to functionalize Au-MSS nanorods with TPGS and PEI. For that purpose, the TPGS and PEI were chemically coupled to each other or modified with 3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate. The produced Au-MSS nanorods display a uniform morphology and a well-defined gold nucleus and silica shell. Further, the particles surface charge was dependent on the synthesis methodology. The particles modified by electrostatic interactions (Au-MSS/TPGS-PEI) were slightly negative (−16.9 and −5.1 mV) whereas the formulations produced by chemical linkage (Au-MSS/TPGS/PEI) resulted in positively charged nanoparticles (30.9 and 6.8 mV). The successful incorporation of the polymers was confirmed by Fourier Transformed Infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Moreover, the Au-MSS functionalization did not affect the particles PTT capacity. However, the Au-MSS/TPGS/PEI nanorods displayed a decreased drug encapsulation efficiency. In vitro assays demonstrated the cytocompatibility of Au-MSS up to concentrations of 200 μg/mL, however the positively charged formulations only remained biocompatible until 100 and 125 μg/mL. Overall, the attained data confirm the successful modification of Au-MSS nanorods with TPGS and PEI as well as their applicability as PTT and drug delivery agents.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Combinatorial delivery of doxorubicin and acridine orange by gold core silica shell nanospheres functionalized with poly(ethylene glycol) and 4- methoxybenzamide for cancer targeted therapy

Combinatorial therapies based on the simultaneous administration of multiple drugs can lead to synergistic effects, increasing the efficacy of the cancer therapy. However, it is crucial to develop new delivery systems that can increase the drugs' therapeutic selectivity and efficacy. Gold core silica shell (AuMSS) nanoparticles present physicochemical properties that allow their simultaneous application as drug delivery and imaging agents. Herein, poly(ethylene glycol) was modified with 4-methoxybenzamide and 3- (triethoxysilyl)propyl isocyanate (TPANIS) to create a novel surface functionalization capable of improving the colloidal stability and specificity of AuMSS nanospheres towards cancer cells. Moreover, a dual drug combination based on Doxorubicin (DOX) and Acridine orange (AO) was characterized and administered using the AuMSS-TPANIS nanospheres. The obtained results show that the DOX:AO drug combination can mediate a synergistic therapeutic effect in both HeLa and MCF-7 cells, particularly at the 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2 ratios. Otherwise, the TPANIS functionalization increased the AuMSS nanospheres colloidal stability and selectivity towards MCF-7 cancer cells (overexpressing sigma receptors). Such also resulted in an enhanced cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 cells when administering the DOX:AO drug combination with the AuMSSTPANIS nanospheres. Overall, the obtained results confirm the therapeutic potential of the DOX:AO drug combination as well as the targeting capacity of AuMSS-TPANIS, supporting its application in the cancer targeted combinatorial chemotherapy.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

I Fórum Científico da Saúde Mental e Atenção Psicossocial do Ceará: Relato de experiência da construção e realização

Objective: To report on the activities carried out for the I Scientific Forum on Mental Health and Psychosocial Care of Ceará, conceived by the Ceará Health Department (SESA) and the Ceará School of Public Health (ESPCE), which took place on July 1, 2022 in Fortaleza. Experience report: This is an experience report that reflects the need to publicize the actions carried out within the scope of Primary Health Care (APS) and Health Care Networks (RAS) and the need to discuss the relevance of the theme in the context of mental health and psychosocial care as a public policy of the State in an event that integrated social participation, management and professional training. The presentation of 132 scientific scientific works and artistic productions was part of the forum, with part of the program being broadcast virtually. The relevance of the initiative was confirmed by the great adherence of health professionals, 700 virtual registrations and the participation of 200 people in the face-to-face event. It stands out as political, technical and scientific spaces for sharing and producing knowledge that can consolidate professional training, allowing the development of new skills and the construction of bonds for professional and human improvement. Conclusion: Finally, it is suggested that this event has a periodicity for its effectiveness as a way to strengthen the state policy on mental health, alcohol and other drugs.Objetivo: Informar sobre las actividades realizadas para la construcción y realización del I Foro Científico sobre Salud Mental y Atención Psicosocial de Ceará, concebido por la Secretaría de Salud de Ceará (SESA) y la Escuela de Salud Pública de Ceará (ESPCE), que ocurrió en 1 de julio de 2022 en Fortaleza.  Informe de experiencia: Este es un relato de experiencia que refleja la necesidad de dar a conocer las acciones realizadas en el ámbito de la Atención Primaria de Salud (APS) y las Redes de Atención a la Salud (RAS) y la necesidad de discutir tema en el contexto de la salud mental y la atención psicosocial como política pública de Estado en un evento que integró participación social, gestión y formación profesional. La presentación de 132 trabajos científicos y producciones artísticas fue parte del foro, siendo parte del programa transmitido de manera virtual. La relevancia de la iniciativa fue confirmada por la gran adhesión de los profesionales de la salud, 700 inscripciones virtuales y la participación de 200 personas en el evento presencial. Se destaca como espacios políticos, técnicos y científicos para compartir y producir conocimientos que consoliden la formación profesional, permitiendo el desarrollo de nuevas habilidades y la construcción de vínculos para la superación profesional y humana. Conclusión: Finalmente, se sugiere que este evento tenga una periodicidad para su efectividad como forma de fortalecer la política estatal en materia de salud mental, alcohol y otras drogas.Objetivo: Relatar às atividades realizadas para a construção e realização do I Fórum Científico de Saúde Mental e Atenção Psicossocial do Ceará, junto à Secretaria de Saúde do Ceará (SESA) e à Escola de Saúde Pública do Ceará (ESPCE), ocorrido em 01 de julho de 2022 em Fortaleza. Relato da Experiência: Trata-se de um relato de experiência que reflete necessidade de divulgar as ações realizadas no âmbito da Atenção Primária e Saúde (APS) e Redes de Atenção à Saúde (RAS) e da necessidade de discutir a pertinência da temática no âmbito da saúde mental e atenção psicossocial enquanto política pública do Estado em um evento que integrou participação social, gestão e formação profissional. Fez parte do fórum a apresentação de 132 trabalhos científicos e produções artísticas, havendo transmissão virtual de parte da programação. A relevância da iniciativa foi confirmada pela grande adesão dos profissionais da saúde, 700 inscrições virtuais e a participação de 200 pessoas no evento presencial. Ressalta-se como políticos, técnicos e científicos os espaços de partilha e produção de conhecimento que podem consolidar a formação profissional, permitindo o desenvolvimento de novas habilidades e a construção de vínculos para o aprimoramento profissional e humano. Conclusão: Sugere-se por fim que tal evento tenha periodicidade para a sua efetivação enquanto caminho para o fortalecimento da política estadual de saúde mental, álcool e outras drogas

No Pattern, No Recognition: a Survey about Reproducibility and Distortion Issues of Text Clustering and Topic Modeling

Extracting knowledge from unlabeled texts using machine learning algorithms can be complex. Document categorization and information retrieval are two applications that may benefit from unsupervised learning (e.g., text clustering and topic modeling), including exploratory data analysis. However, the unsupervised learning paradigm poses reproducibility issues. The initialization can lead to variability depending on the machine learning algorithm. Furthermore, the distortions can be misleading when regarding cluster geometry. Amongst the causes, the presence of outliers and anomalies can be a determining factor. Despite the relevance of initialization and outlier issues for text clustering and topic modeling, the authors did not find an in-depth analysis of them. This survey provides a systematic literature review (2011-2022) of these subareas and proposes a common terminology since similar procedures have different terms. The authors describe research opportunities, trends, and open issues. The appendices summarize the theoretical background of the text vectorization, the factorization, and the clustering algorithms that are directly or indirectly related to the reviewed works

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Constraints on the structure and seasonal variations of Triton's atmosphere from the 5 October 2017 stellar occultation and previous observations

Context. A stellar occultation by Neptune's main satellite, Triton, was observed on 5 October 2017 from Europe, North Africa, and the USA. We derived 90 light curves from this event, 42 of which yielded a central flash detection. Aims. We aimed at constraining Triton's atmospheric structure and the seasonal variations of its atmospheric pressure since the Voyager 2 epoch (1989). We also derived the shape of the lower atmosphere from central flash analysis. Methods. We used Abel inversions and direct ray-tracing code to provide the density, pressure, and temperature profiles in the altitude range similar to 8 km to similar to 190 km, corresponding to pressure levels from 9 mu bar down to a few nanobars. Results. (i) A pressure of 1.18 +/- 0.03 mu bar is found at a reference radius of 1400 km (47 km altitude). (ii) A new analysis of the Voyager 2 radio science occultation shows that this is consistent with an extrapolation of pressure down to the surface pressure obtained in 1989. (iii) A survey of occultations obtained between 1989 and 2017 suggests that an enhancement in surface pressure as reported during the 1990s might be real, but debatable, due to very few high S/N light curves and data accessible for reanalysis. The volatile transport model analysed supports a moderate increase in surface pressure, with a maximum value around 2005-2015 no higher than 23 mu bar. The pressures observed in 1995-1997 and 2017 appear mutually inconsistent with the volatile transport model presented here. (iv) The central flash structure does not show evidence of an atmospheric distortion. We find an upper limit of 0.0011 for the apparent oblateness of the atmosphere near the 8 km altitude.J.M.O. acknowledges financial support from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) and the European Social Fund (ESF) through the PhD grant SFRH/BD/131700/2017. The work leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's H2020 2014-2021 ERC grant Agreement nffi 669416 "Lucky Star". We thank S. Para who supported some travels to observe the 5 October 2017 occultation. T.B. was supported for this research by an appointment to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Post-Doctoral Program at the Ames Research Center administered by Universities Space Research Association (USRA) through a contract with NASA. We acknowledge useful exchanges with Mark Gurwell on the ALMA CO observations. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium).Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. J.L.O., P.S.-S., N.M. and R.D. acknowledge financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the "Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa" award to the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (SEV-2017-0709), they also acknowledge the financial support by the Spanish grant AYA-2017-84637-R and the Proyecto de Excelencia de la Junta de Andalucia J.A. 2012-FQM1776. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme, under Grant Agreement no. 687378, as part of the project "Small Bodies Near and Far" (SBNAF). P.S.-S. acknowledges financial support by the Spanish grant AYA-RTI2018-098657-J-I00 "LEO-SBNAF". The work was partially based on observations made at the Laboratorio Nacional de Astrofisica (LNA), Itajuba-MG, Brazil. The following authors acknowledge the respective CNPq grants: F.B.-R. 309578/2017-5; R.V.-M. 304544/2017-5, 401903/2016-8; J.I.B.C. 308150/2016-3 and 305917/2019-6; M.A. 427700/20183, 310683/2017-3, 473002/2013-2. This study was financed in part by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior -Brasil (CAPES) -Finance Code 001 and the National Institute of Science and Technology of the e-Universe project (INCT do e-Universo, CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). G.B.R. acknowledges CAPES-FAPERJ/PAPDRJ grant E26/203.173/2016 and CAPES-PRINT/UNESP grant 88887.571156/2020-00, M.A. FAPERJ grant E26/111.488/2013 and A.R.G.Jr. FAPESP grant 2018/11239-8. B.E.M. thanks CNPq 150612/2020-6 and CAPES/Cofecub-394/2016-05 grants. Part of the photometric data used in this study were collected in the frame of the photometric observations with the robotic and remotely controlled telescope at the University of Athens Observatory (UOAO; Gazeas 2016). The 2.3 m Aristarchos telescope is operated on Helmos Observatory by the Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing of the National Observatory of Athens. Observations with the 2.3 m Aristarchos telescope were carried out under OPTICON programme. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 730890. This material reflects only the authors views and the Commission is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. The 1. 2m Kryoneri telescope is operated by the Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing of the National Observatory of Athens. The Astronomical Observatory of the Autonomous Region of the Aosta Valley (OAVdA) is managed by the Fondazione Clement Fillietroz-ONLUS, which is supported by the Regional Government of the Aosta Valley, the Town Municipality of Nus and the "Unite des Communes valdotaines Mont-Emilius". The 0.81 m Main Telescope at the OAVdA was upgraded thanks to a Shoemaker NEO Grant 2013 from The Planetary Society. D.C. and J.M.C. acknowledge funds from a 2017 'Research and Education' grant from Fondazione CRT-Cassa di Risparmio di Torino. P.M. acknowledges support from the Portuguese Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia ref. PTDC/FISAST/29942/2017 through national funds and by FEDER through COMPETE 2020 (ref. POCI010145 FEDER007672). F.J. acknowledges Jean Luc Plouvier for his help. S.J.F. and C.A. would like to thank the UCL student support observers: Helen Dai, Elise Darragh-Ford, Ross Dobson, Max Hipperson, Edward Kerr-Dineen, Isaac Langley, Emese Meder, Roman Gerasimov, Javier Sanjuan, and Manasvee Saraf. We are grateful to the CAHA, OSN and La Hita Observatory staffs. This research is partially based on observations collected at Centro Astronomico HispanoAleman (CAHA) at Calar Alto, operated jointly by Junta de Andalucia and Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (IAA-CSIC). This research was also partially based on observation carried out at the Observatorio de Sierra Nevada (OSN) operated by Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (CSIC). This article is also based on observations made with the Liverpool Telescope operated on the island of La Palma by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. Partially based on observations made with the Tx40 and Excalibur telescopes at the Observatorio Astrofisico de Javalambre in Teruel, a Spanish Infraestructura Cientifico-Tecnica Singular (ICTS) owned, managed and operated by the Centro de Estudios de Fisica del Cosmos de Aragon (CEFCA). Tx40 and Excalibur are funded with the Fondos de Inversiones de Teruel (FITE). A.R.R. would like to thank Gustavo Roman for the mechanical adaptation of the camera to the telescope to allow for the observation to be recorded. R.H., J.F.R., S.P.H. and A.S.L. have been supported by the Spanish projects AYA2015-65041P and PID2019-109467GB-100 (MINECO/FEDER, UE) and Grupos Gobierno Vasco IT1366-19. Our great thanks to Omar Hila and their collaborators in Atlas Golf Marrakech Observatory for providing access to the T60cm telescope. TRAPPIST is a project funded by the Belgian Fonds (National) de la Recherche Scientifique (F.R.S.-FNRS) under grant PDR T.0120.21. TRAPPIST-North is a project funded by the University of Liege, and performed in collaboration with Cadi Ayyad University of Marrakesh. E.J. is a FNRS Senior Research Associate

Consistent patterns of common species across tropical tree communities

Trees structure the Earth’s most biodiverse ecosystem, tropical forests. The vast number of tree species presents a formidable challenge to understanding these forests, including their response to environmental change, as very little is known about most tropical tree species. A focus on the common species may circumvent this challenge. Here we investigate abundance patterns of common tree species using inventory data on 1,003,805 trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm across 1,568 locations1,2,3,4,5,6 in closed-canopy, structurally intact old-growth tropical forests in Africa, Amazonia and Southeast Asia. We estimate that 2.2%, 2.2% and 2.3% of species comprise 50% of the tropical trees in these regions, respectively. Extrapolating across all closed-canopy tropical forests, we estimate that just 1,053 species comprise half of Earth’s 800 billion tropical trees with trunk diameters of at least 10 cm. Despite differing biogeographic, climatic and anthropogenic histories7, we find notably consistent patterns of common species and species abundance distributions across the continents. This suggests that fundamental mechanisms of tree community assembly may apply to all tropical forests. Resampling analyses show that the most common species are likely to belong to a manageable list of known species, enabling targeted efforts to understand their ecology. Although they do not detract from the importance of rare species, our results open new opportunities to understand the world’s most diverse forests, including modelling their response to environmental change, by focusing on the common species that constitute the majority of their trees.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

Erratum: Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Interpretation: By quantifying levels and trends in exposures to risk factors and the resulting disease burden, this assessment offers insight into where past policy and programme efforts might have been successful and highlights current priorities for public health action. Decreases in behavioural, environmental, and occupational risks have largely offset the effects of population growth and ageing, in relation to trends in absolute burden. Conversely, the combination of increasing metabolic risks and population ageing will probably continue to drive the increasing trends in non-communicable diseases at the global level, which presents both a public health challenge and opportunity. We see considerable spatiotemporal heterogeneity in levels of risk exposure and risk-attributable burden. Although levels of development underlie some of this heterogeneity, O/E ratios show risks for which countries are overperforming or underperforming relative to their level of development. As such, these ratios provide a benchmarking tool to help to focus local decision making. Our findings reinforce the importance of both risk exposure monitoring and epidemiological research to assess causal connections between risks and health outcomes, and they highlight the usefulness of the GBD study in synthesising data to draw comprehensive and robust conclusions that help to inform good policy and strategic health planning