Modeling the shortening history of a fault tip fold using structural and geomorphic records of deformation

We present a methodology to derive the growth history of a fault tip fold above a basal detachment. Our approach is based on modeling the stratigraphic and geomorphic records of deformation, as well as the finite structure of the fold constrained from seismic profiles. We parameterize the spatial deformation pattern using a simple formulation of the displacement field derived from sandbox experiments. Assuming a stationary spatial pattern of deformation, we simulate the gradual warping and uplift of stratigraphic and geomorphic markers, which provides an estimate of the cumulative amounts of shortening they have recorded. This approach allows modeling of isolated terraces or growth strata. We apply this method to the study of two fault tip folds in the Tien Shan, the Yakeng and Anjihai anticlines, documenting their deformation history over the past 6–7 Myr. We show that the modern shortening rates can be estimated from the width of the fold topography provided that the sedimentation rate is known, yielding respective rates of 2.15 and 1.12 mm/yr across Yakeng and Anjihai, consistent with the deformation recorded by fluvial and alluvial terraces. This study demonstrates that the shortening rates across both folds accelerated significantly since the onset of folding. It also illustrates the usefulness of a simple geometric folding model and highlights the importance of considering local interactions between tectonic deformation, sedimentation, and erosion

The clumped isotope geothermometer in soil and paleosol carbonate

We studied both modern soils and buried paleosols in order to understand the relationship of temperature estimated from clumped isotopes in carbonates (T°C_(clumped)) to actual surface and burial temperatures. Carbonates from modern soils in a broad range of climates were sampled from Arizona, Nevada, Tibet, and India. T°C_(clumped) obtained from these soils shows that soil carbonate only forms in the very warmest months of the year, largely in the afternoon, and probably in response to intense soil dewatering. The highest T°C_(clumped) obtained from modern soil carbonate are <40°C On average, T°C_(clumped) significantly exceeds mean annual temperature by 10-15°C due to (1) summertime bias in soil carbonate formation, and (2) sensible heating of soil. Secondary controls on T°C_(clumped) are site aspect, but especially soil depth and shading

Alga-made anti-Hepatitis B antibody binds to human Fcγ receptors.

Microalgae are unicellular eukaryotic organisms which represent an emerging alternative to other cell biofactories commonly used to produce monoclonal antibodies. Microalgae display several biotechnological advantages such as their rapid growth rate and their phototrophic lifestyle allowing low production costs as protein expression is solar-fueled. Recently, a fully assembled recombinant IgG antibody directed against Hepatitis B surface antigen is produced and secreted in the culture medium of the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. A biochemical characterization of this recombinant antibody demonstrated that the Asn-297 is N-glycosylated by oligomannosides. In the immune system, antibodies interact with effector molecules and cells through their Fc part and the recognition of Fcγ receptors (FcγR) which are important for inducing phagocytosis of opsonized microbes. Interactions between IgG and FcγR are influenced by the N-glycan structures present on the Asn-297. In this study, the authors characterized the binding capacity of the anti-hepatitis B recombinant IgG produced in P. tricornutum to two human Fcγ receptors (FcγRI and IIIa) using a cellular binding assay and surface plasmon resonance (SPR). This allowed us to demonstrate that the alga-made antibody is able to bind FcγRI with a reduced affinity and engages FcyRIIIa with 3-times higher affinity compared to a control human IgG1

mdaeron/D47calib: D47calib v1.2

Namespace Use OLGS23 instead of ogls_2023 as default name for the combined calibration, but keep ogls_2023 as an alias for now

mdaeron/D47calib: D47calib v1.0

First releas

Full propagation of analytical uncertainties in Δ47 measurements

International audienceClumped-isotope measurements in CO 2 and carbonates (Δ 47) present a number of technical challenges and require correcting for various sources of analytical non-linearity. For now we lack a formal description of the analytical errors associated with these correction steps, which are not accounted for in most data processing methods currently in use. Here we formulate a quantitative description of Δ 47 error propagation, fully taking into account standardization errors and their properties. We describe various standardization strategies, along with the assumptions they rely on, in the context of this model, and propose a new, "pooled" standardization approach designed to yield more robust/accurate corrections. User-friendly online resources and an open-source Python library are also provided to facilitate the use of these error models. Among other uses, the mathematical framework described here may be helpful to improve standardization protocols (e.g., anchor/unknown ratios) and inform future efforts to define community reference materials

mdaeron/D47crunch: D47crunch v2.3.2

Bug fix Add rich dependenc

How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Embrace Isotopic Disequilibrium in Carbonate Minerals

International audienc

mdaeron/D47calib: D47calib v1.1

Bug fix Replace click with typer dependenc