7,804 research outputs found
Laser diagnostics for NTP fuel corrosion studies
Viewgraphs and explanations on laser diagnostics for nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP) fuel corrosion studies are presented. Topics covered include: NTP fuels; U-Zr-C system corrosion products; planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF); utilization of PLIF for corrosion product characterization of nuclear thermal rocket fuel elements under test; ZrC emission spectrum; and PLIF imaging of ZrC plume
XMM-Newton observations of the first unidentified TeV gamma-ray source TeV J2032+4130
(abridged) The first unidentified very high energy gamma ray source (TeV
J2032+4130) in the Cygnus region has been the subject of intensive search for a
counterpart source at other wavelengths. A deep ( ksec) exposure of
TeV J2032+4130 with \textit{XMM-Newton} has been obtained. The contribution of
point sources to the observed X-ray emission from TeV J2032+4130 is subtracted
from the data. The point-source subtracted X-ray data are analyzed using blank
sky exposures and regions adjacent to the position of TeV J2032+4130 in the
field of view covered by the XMM-Newton telescopes to search for diffuse X-ray
emission. An extended X-ray emission region with a full width half maximum
(FWHM) size of arc min is found. The centroid of the emission is
co-located with the position of TeV J2032+4130.The energy spectrum of the
emission coinciding with the position and extension of TeV J2032+4130 can be
modeled by a power-law model with a photon index
and an energy flux
integrated between 2 and 10 keV of ergs/(cm s) which is lower than the very high energy gamma-ray
flux observed from TeV J2032+4130. We conclude that the faint extended X-ray
emission discovered in this observation is the X-ray counterpart of TeV
J2032+4130. Formally, it can not be excluded that the extended emission is due
to an unrelated population of faint, hot ( keV) unresolved
point-sources which by chance coincides with the position and extension of TeV
J2032+4130. We discuss our findings in the frame of both hadronic and leptonic
gamma-ray production scenarios.Comment: 5 Pages, 3 Figures, accepted for publication in A&
Allometry and growth of eight tree taxa in United Kingdom woodlands.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative
Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0As part of a project to develop predictive ecosystem models of United Kingdom woodlands we have collated data from two United Kingdom woodlands - Wytham Woods and Alice Holt. Here we present data from 582 individual trees of eight taxa in the form of summary variables relating to the allometric relationships between trunk diameter, height, crown height, crown radius and trunk radial growth rate to the tree's light environment and diameter at breast height. In addition the raw data files containing the variables from which the summary data were obtained. Large sample sizes with longitudinal data spanning 22 years make these datasets useful for future studies concerned with the way trees change in size and shape over their life-span
An Extended Radio Counterpart of TeV J2032+4130?
We carried out a 5-pointing mosaic observation of TeV J2032+4130 at 1.4 and
4.8 GHz with the VLA in April of 2003. The analysis of the 4.8GHz data indicate
weak wispy shell-like radio structure(s) which are at least partially
non-thermal. The radio data is compatible with one or more young supernova
remnants or perhaps the signature of large scale cluster shocks in this region
induced by the violent action of the many massive stars in Cyg OB2.Comment: Proc. 1st GLAST Symp. Feb 5-8, 2007, Stanford C
Discrete breathers in a two-dimensional hexagonal Fermi-Pasta-Ulam lattice
We consider a two-dimensional Fermi-Pasta-Ulam (FPU) lattice with hexagonal
symmetry. Using asymptotic methods based on small amplitude ansatz, at third
order we obtain a reduction to a cubic nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLS) for
the breather envelope. However, this does not support stable soliton solutions,
so we pursue a higher-order analysis yielding a generalised NLS, which includes
known stabilising terms. We present numerical results which suggest that
long-lived stationary and moving breathers are supported by the lattice. We
find breather solutions which move in an arbitrary direction, an ellipticity
criterion for the wavenumbers of the carrier wave, asymptotic estimates for the
breather energy, and a minimum threshold energy below which breathers cannot be
found. This energy threshold is maximised for stationary breathers, and becomes
vanishingly small near the boundary of the elliptic domain where breathers
attain a maximum speed. Several of the results obtained are similar to those
obtained for the square FPU lattice (Butt & Wattis, J Phys A, 39, 4955,
(2006)), though we find that the square and hexagonal lattices exhibit
different properties in regard to the generation of harmonics, and the isotropy
of the generalised NLS equation.Comment: 29 pages, 14 Figure
Impurity Ion Complexation Enhances Carbon Dioxide Reduction Catalysis
Herein, we show that group 11 CO[subscript 2] reduction catalysts are rapidly poisoned by progressive deposition of trace metal ion impurities present in high purity electrolytes. Metal impurity deposition was characterized by XPS and in situ stripping voltammetry and is coincident with loss of catalytic activity and selectivity for CO[subscript 2] reduction, favoring hydrogen evolution on poisoned surfaces. Metal deposition can be suppressed by complexing trace metal ion impurities with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or solid-supported iminodiacetate resins. Metal ion complexation allows for reproducible, sustained catalytic activity and selectivity for CO[subscript 2] reduction on Au, Ag, and Cu electrodes. Together, this study establishes the principal mode by which group 11 CO[subscript 2] reduction catalysts are poisoned and lays out a general approach for extending the lifetime of electrocatalysts subject to impurity metal deposition.MIT Energy Initiative (Saudi Aramco, research agreement)United States. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (Award FA9550-15-1-0135)Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemistry (Junior Faculty Funds)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Predoctoral Fellowship)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (MIT MRSEC Program, award number DMR-0819762
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