Influence of Quaternary Benzophenantridine and Protopine Alkaloids on Growth Performance, Dietary Energy, Carcass Traits, Visceral Mass, and Rumen Health in Finishing Ewes under Conditions of Severe Temperature-humidity Index.

Twenty Pelibuey×Katahdin ewes (35±2.3 kg) were used to determine the effects of the consumption of standardized plant extract containing a mixture of quaternary benzophenanthridine alkaloids and protopine alkaloids (QBA+PA) on growth performance, dietary energetics, visceral mass, and ruminal epithelial health in heat-stressed ewes fed with a high-energy corn-based diet. The basal diet (13.9% crude protein and 2.09 Mcal of net energy [NE] of maintenance/kg of dry matter) contained 49.7% starch and 15.3% neutral detergent fiber. Source of QBA+PA was Sangrovit RS (SANG) which contains 3 g of quaternary benzophenathridine and protopine alkaloids per kg of product. Treatments consisted of a daily consumption of 0 or 0.5 g SANG/ewe. Ewes were grouped by weight and assigned to 10 pens (5 pens/treatment), with two ewes per pen. The experimental period lasted 70 days. The mean temperature humidity index during the course of this experiment was 81.7±1.0 (severe heat stress). There were no treatment effects on water intake. Dry matter intake was not affected (p = 0.70) by treatments, but the group fed SANG had a numerically (11.2%) higher gain in comparison to the control group, SANG improved gain efficiency (8.3%, p = 0.04), dietary NE (5.2%, p<0.01) and the observed-to-expected NE (5.9%, p<0.01). Supplemental SANG did not affect (p≥0.12) carcass characteristics, chemical composition of shoulder, and organ weights (g/kg empty body weight) of stomach complex, intestines, and heart/lung. Supplemental SANG decreased liver weight (10.3%, p = 0.02) and increased visceral fat (16.9%, p = 0.02). Rumen epithelium of ewes fed SANG had lower scores for cellular dropsical degeneration (2.08 vs 2.34, p = 0.02), parakeratosis (1.30 vs 1.82, p = 0.03) and neutrophil infiltration (2.08 vs 2.86, p = 0.05) than controls. It is concluded that SANG supplementation helped ameliorate the negative effects of severe heat on growth performance of feedlot ewes fed high-energy corn-based diets. Improvement in energetic efficiency may have been mediated, in part, by anti-inflammatory effects of supplemental SANG and corresponding enhancement of nutrient uptake

Empiema necessitans y osteomielitis aguda secundaria a una infección por Staphylo-coccus aureus resistente a meticilina asociado a la comunidad

Staphylococcus aureus is a well recognized pathogen with global distribution. In recent years community-associated, methicillin-resistant S. aureus has emerged as an increasing cause of severe infections among adults and children. Herein, a case is reported of a previously healthy, 19-month-old male, who presented with empyema necessitans and acute osteomyelitis due to a community-associated, methicillin-resistant, S. aureus strain. This report highlights the evolving epidemiology of S. aureus, as important pathogen in the community as well as the hospital setting, and the importance of establishing appropriate guidelines for diagnosis, management and surveillance of this public health problem.Staphylococcus aureus es uno de los principales patógenos a nivel mundial. Durante los últimos años se ha reportado un incremento en el número de casos de S. aureus resistente a la meticilina adquiridos en la comunidad, tanto en niños como en adultos de los Estados Unidos y de otras partes del mundo.En el presente trabajo reportamos un caso de empiema necessitans y osteomielitis aguda en un niño de 19 meses de edad previamente sano. El presente reporte resalta la cambiante epidemiología de S. aureus tanto en la comunidad como en el medio hospitalario y la importancia de establecer guías apropiadas para el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y la vigilancia de este relevante problema de salud pública

Desarrollo y caracterización de seis marcadores microsatélites para el alga roja chilena pyropia orbicularis

Indexación: Scopus.Mariculture of edible Porphyra/Pyropia species, which are cosmopolitan red foliose algae, represent an important source of income for the pharmaceutical and food industries. In Chile, the most common alga of this complex is Pyropia orbicularis (Bangiales, Rhodophyta). Here we report 6 microsatellite markers obtained from P. orbicularis through a genomic library from 10 individuals of the gametophytic phase by next generation (Illumina) sequencing. Polymorphism analyses were done from 10 individuals of the conchocelis phase, revealing an allelic diversity ranging from three to six alleles per locus, and observed heterozygosity (HO) and expected heterozygosity (HE) ranging from 0.200 to 0.995, and 0.250 to 0.610, respectively. A large proportion of genetic variance (61%) in P. orbicularis was among individuals within population, and 39% genetic variance was among populations. Nonetheless, these results should be interpreted with caution; further research using larger sample sizes is required. These polymorphic markers could be useful in future studies on population genetic structure, for conservation and applied purposes.https://revistas.uv.cl/index.php/rbmo/article/view/235

Urinary Excretion of Mimosine Metabolites by Hair Sheep Fed Foliage of \u3cem\u3eLeucaena leucocephala\u3c/em\u3e

Leucaena leucocephala is an adapted legume widely distributed in the tropical regions of Mexico. The high crude protein content of leucaena leaves renders it appropriate for ruminant feeding under commercial conditions. However, the foliage contains the non-protein amino acid mimosine, which, if consumed in high amounts, may induce toxicity in animals which have not previously consumed the legume or without microorganisms capable of degrading mimosine and its derivatives 2,3-DHP (dihydroxypyridine) and 3,4-DHP (Hammond 1995, Palmer et al. 2010, Dalzell et al. 2012). Barros-Rodríguez et al. (2012) found that dry matter intake and weight gain were reduced when sheep grazed paddocks with 55,000 plants of leucaena per hectare. Early work in Australia led to the isolation of Synergistes jonesii, an anaerobic bacterium able to degrade 3,4-DHP and 2,3-DHP to non-toxic compounds (Allison et al. 1992). In Mexico, the presence of this microorganism in the rumen has not yet been confirmed. Inoculation of non-accustomed animals with rumen liquor of ruminants adapted to the consumption of leucaena can reduce the impact of mimosine and its metabolites on animal health (Ghosh et al. 2009; Palmer et al. 2010). The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effects of transferring rumen liquor of cows adapted to the consumption of L. leucocephala to sheep without experience of consumption, on urinary excretion of 3.4-DHP and 2.3-DHP by means of a colorimetric technique

Discards for Southern Hake Stock, a First Approach to Iberian Data

This document presents sampling levels obtained with Portuguese and Spanish Discard Sampling Programmes, both included in National Sampling Programmes, and some preliminary results for the Iberian Southern Hake discards. These programs consist on onboard-observer sampling schemes, with co-operative vessels, quasirandom selected, in the ICES Division VIIIc and IXa. The methodology used to estimate hake discards for Portugal and Spain since 2003 was based on the one proposed in the “Workshop on Discard Sampling Methodology and Raising Procedures” (PGCCDBS, Denmark, 2003). Spain presents results for the years 1994, 1997, 1999, 2000, 2003 and 2004. In the Portuguese Program, 2004 is the first year with an analysis of discard data. The number of trips sampled by the Spanish program for 2004 was 53, distributed by three trawl fleets- BACA trawl, Pair trawl and WHVO trawl. Portuguese onboard-observers sampled 40 trips distributed by Crustacean and Fish trawl fleets. The estimated percentages of discarded hake in relation to total catch were of 19,9 (C.V. = 22.6%) and 46,7 (C.V. = 72.1%) for the Spanish and Portuguese fleets respectively. The confidence interval for the Portuguese discard estimate is very large which denotes the very low precision of the obtained value. A co-operation in the analysis of this kind of data, between the two countries, could be the next step, since a standardisation of the methods would be of great importance for a realistic comparison of results obtained from both programs

The VVV Templates Project. Towards an Automated Classification of VVV Light-Curves. I. Building a database of stellar variability in the near-infrared

Context. The Vista Variables in the V\'ia L\'actea (VVV) ESO Public Survey is a variability survey of the Milky Way bulge and an adjacent section of the disk carried out from 2010 on ESO Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA). VVV will eventually deliver a deep near-IR atlas with photometry and positions in five passbands (ZYJHK_S) and a catalogue of 1-10 million variable point sources - mostly unknown - which require classifications. Aims. The main goal of the VVV Templates Project, that we introduce in this work, is to develop and test the machine-learning algorithms for the automated classification of the VVV light-curves. As VVV is the first massive, multi-epoch survey of stellar variability in the near-infrared, the template light-curves that are required for training the classification algorithms are not available. In the first paper of the series we describe the construction of this comprehensive database of infrared stellar variability. Methods. First we performed a systematic search in the literature and public data archives, second, we coordinated a worldwide observational campaign, and third we exploited the VVV variability database itself on (optically) well-known stars to gather high-quality infrared light-curves of several hundreds of variable stars. Results. We have now collected a significant (and still increasing) number of infrared template light-curves. This database will be used as a training-set for the machine-learning algorithms that will automatically classify the light-curves produced by VVV. The results of such an automated classification will be covered in forthcoming papers of the series.Comment: 12 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in A&A. Most of the data are now accessible through http://www.vvvtemplates.org

Tecnologías de la información y comunicaciones en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje universitario: Progreso educativo

El propósito del trabajo fue analizar las tecnologías de la información y comunicaciones en el proceso enseñanza–aprendizaje universitario como progreso educativo. Se indicó cómo se acrecienta el conocimiento tanto en los docentes y alumnos mediante el uso aplicativo de las tecnologías de la información y comunicaciones (TIC). Asimismo, se destacó la necesidad de los docentes en mantener capacitaciones de forma sistemáticas para el uso de las TIC en aula y lo que representa como mecanismo de integración para la formación profesional. Finalmente, se describe la creación de habilidades binomiales entre docentes-estudiantes que posibilitan modificar el enfoque tradicional por enfoque de competencia durante la nueva enseñanza del siglo XXI

Los desafíos del cambio : investigación en diseño

1 archivo PDF (194 páginas)Aborda los desafíos del cambio y la investigación en diseño - a 30 años de distancia de la creación de la Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana y de ejercer la figura de profesor investigador, signo distintivo de nuestra Institución -trata los cambios y desafíos que se han presentado durante este tiempo, con relación a su objeto de estudio, la manera como se concibe y realiza la investigación, como en la práctica se ha dado - o no- el binomio investigación docencia y cómo se enfrentan las dificultades y las soluciones que han tomado los profesores-investigadores