Profanações Urbanas: ficção e imagem no subjetivismo Psi / Urban Profanations: fiction and the image in Psy subjectivism

ResumoA arte como representação e expressão do Sujeito, ou do Humano, é uma concepção marcante nos discursos Psi. O cinema e a literatura são utilizados como campo expressivo do reconhecimento do funcionamento psíquico. Deseja-se neste artigo problematizar este recurso metodológico. À luz das análises de Walter Benjamin sobre a prosa poética de Charles Baudelaire e sua relação com a cidade, pretende-se indagar sobre os efeitos ético-políticos desta metodologia da representação. A categoria de aura proposta por Walter Benjamin, assim como a da imagem como truque, utilizada por pesquisadores da história do cinema, são ferramentas fundamentais para a argumentação do artigo. No uso destas categorias, objetiva-se por em análise o caráter pedagógico, pastoral, da aura da arte e do artista utilizado por profissionais Psi. O artigo aposta, à luz de Walter Benjamin, entre outros autores, na dessacralização da experiência artística, na afirmação laica do artista e da arte. Ficção e Imagem são utilizados como instrumentos interpeladores de categorias alheias aos paradoxos, conflitos e invenções que habitam as cidades.Palavras-chave: Ficção; Imagem; Cidade; Poder. AbstractAs representation and expression of the Subject, or of the Human, Art is a striking concept within Psy discourses. Cinema and literature are used as an expressive field for the recognition of psychic functioning. This article problematises this methodological resource. In light of Walter Benjamin's analysis of Charles Baudelaire's poetic prose and his relationship with the city, we seek to inquire upon the ethical-political effects of this methodology of representation. The category of aura proposed by Walter Benjamin, as well as that of the image as deception, as used by researchers in the history of cinema, are fundamental tools for the argumentation of this article. By using these categories, we look to analyse the pedagogical and pastoral character of the aura of Art and the artist as used by Psy professionals. The article relies on Walter Benjamin as well as other authors to profane artistic experience and the secular affirmation of the artist and Art. Fiction and the Image are used as instruments which call forth other categories so as to question the paradoxes, conflicts and inventions which inhabit cities.Keywords: Fiction; Image; City; Power

Defining Adaptive Learning Paths For Competence-Oriented Learning

This paper presents a way to describe educational itineraries in a competence-oriented learning system in order to solve the problem of sequencing several independent courses. The main objective is to extract adaptive learning paths composed by the subset of needed courses passed in the right order. This approach improves the courses’ re-usability allowing courses to be included in different itineraries, improving the re-usability of the courses, and making possible the definition of mechanisms to adapt the learning path to the learner’s needs in execution tim

Thresholds and boundary of a city that still lives

This article discusses the connections between subjectivity and urban experience under the light of Walter Benjamin's definitions of thresholds and boundary. While the concept of boundary designates a line that serves to contain and maintain something, avoiding its overflow and defining limits, the concept of threshold would be notable for allowing one to move with considerable ease from one place to another different and sometimes even  opposite place. Although it also separates two territories, the threshold allows to transit through them, unlike the boundary. From these definitions, we emphasize the peculiar understanding of time and space produced by history, as well as the political challenges conceivable by them, in order to question power practices regarding alterity in contemporary capitalism. As a conclusion, the modulation between boundaries and thresholds in urban space acts as an indication to affirm that, throbbing through its pores, through the passages that make it breathe, the city still lives.O artigo discorre sobre as articulações entre subjetividade e experiência urbana à luz das categorias de limiar e fronteira de Walter Benjamin. Enquanto a fronteira designa uma linha que tem por princípio de funcionamento conter e manter algo, evitando seu transbordamento e definindo limites, o conceito de limiar se inscreve noutro registro que se notabilizaria por permitir que se transite, com considerável facilidade, de um lugar a outro diferente e, por vezes, mesmo oposto. Ainda que também separe dois territórios, diferente da fronteira, o limiar permite transitar por entre eles. Dessas categorias são ressaltados os sentidos peculiares de tempo e de espaço produzidos pela história, assim como os desafios políticos ensejados por elas para a problematização das práticas de poder sobre a alteridade no capitalismo contemporâneo. Como conclusões, a modulação entre fronteiras e limiares no espaço urbano nos serve de indicativo para afirmar que, latejante por meio dos seus poros, mediante as passagens que a faz respirar, a cidade ainda vive

Reflections on the Lucretius‟ materialism ethical-political consequences to sciences

Este artigo aborda alguns conceitos do materialismo filosófico de Lucrécio, tais como o de “caos laminar”, “caos nuvem” e “clinâmen”, assim como apresentados por Michel Serres, buscando ressaltar as potências não-determinísticas, inventivas ou ficcionais presentes no primeiro materialismo e que foram sobrepujadas no materialismo-dialético por um idealismo tomado de empréstimo do cientificismo do século XIX. Esse resgate de uma visão vitalista do materialismo busca extrair apontamentos éticos, políticos e metodológicos para reverter a sobredeterminação epistêmica dos modos da racionalidade econômica hegemônica calcada na previsão, no controle e na conservação da matéria. Um materialismo, tal qual o de Lucrécio, que não precisa corresponder a leis transcendentes e que é capaz de acolher o incerto e o imprevisível, enseja para o campo da ciência ontologias poiéticas; para o campo da filosofia, epistemologias não representativas e para o campo da política, revoluções do sensível. Em outras palavras, num materialismo que propomos chamar de “ficcional”, ciência, filosofia e política se distinguem, mas não se separam.We introduce in this paper some concepts of philosophical materialism of Lucretius, such as the „laminar chaos‟, „cloud chaos‟ and „clinamen‟, as presented by Michel Serres, seeking to emphasize non-deterministic, inventive or fictional powers present in the first materialism, which were surpassed in dialectical materialism by an idealism arisen from the nineteenth century scientism. This rescue of a vitalist vision of materialism search to extract ethical, political and methodological appointments to reverse the epistemic over-determination of the modes of the hegemonic economic rationality grounded in the forecast, the control and the conservation of matter. A materialism, such as Lucretius‟, which does not need to correspond to transcendent laws and which is capable of admitting the uncertainty and the unpredictable gives rise to the field of science: poietic ontologies, to the field of philosophy: non-representative epistemologies, for the field of politics: revolutions of the sensitive. In other words, in a materialism that we propose to call „fictional‟, science, philosophy and politics are distinct, but not separate

Gary Snyder : notas para una ecología desnaturalizada

Numa estratégia biografemática, inspirada na prática biográfica indicada por Roland Barthes (1915-1980), abordamos neste texto aspectos da vida do poeta, tradutor, antropólogo e militante ecologista Gary Snyder. Articulando filosofia zen-budista, mitologias ameríndias e o movimento beat, Snyder nos legou pistas para pensarmos uma ecologia desnaturada que fala em nome da experimentação intensiva e não apenas da preservação. Ao final, realizamos algumas aproximações entre o pensamento de Snyder e a antropologia de Bruno Latour.In a biographematical approach, inspired by the biographic practice pointed out by Roland Barthes, we tackle in this text some aspects of the life of the poet, translator, anthropologist and ecologist militant Gary Snyder. Articulating Zen Buddhist philosophy, Amerindian mythology and beat movement, Snyder has given us hints to thinking in a denatured ecology that speaks on behalf of an intensive experimentation rather than preservation only. At the end, we make some connections between Snyder thinking and the anthropology of Bruno Latour.En una estrategia biografemática inspirada en la práctica biográfica señalada por Roland Barthes, en este texto abordamos aspectos de la vida del poeta, traductor, antropólogo y ecologista militante Gary Snyder. Articulando la filosofía zen-budista, las mitologías amerindias y el movimiento beat, Snyder nos dejó pistas para pensar en una ecología desnaturalizada que habla de experimentación intensiva y no solo de preservación. Al final, hicimos algunas aproximaciones entre el pensamiento de Snyder y la antropología de Bruno Latour

La ciudad de los ángeles del improrrogable

A cidade tem sido objeto de inúmeras escritas. Escrevem maldizendo-a os desertores que rumam às suas casas no campo ou às suas comunidades autossustentáveis. Escrevem clamando por ela os ocupados nas escolas, nos prédios abandonados, nas praças, nas universidades. Escrevem preocupados os economistas com suas sacras probabilidades. O que torna improrrogável que escrevamos a cidade? Perseguindo esta interrogação, colocamos em cena um personagem interpelado por uma voz que o exorta a caminhar pelas ruas de um Rio de Janeiro que lhe desorienta os sentidos intoxicados de confortáveis certezas. Em seguida pensamos tal processo à luz do materialismo filosófico de Epicuro e Lucrécio, com vistas à proposição de uma escrita urbana que não apenas interpreta fenômenos urbanos, mas que, transgredindo o sensível, inventa cidades e subjetividades.The city has been object of countless writings. Cursing it write the deserters while depart to its country houses or self-sustainable communities. Claiming for it write the occupiers at schools, abandoned buildings, parks, universities. Concerned write the economists with its sacred probabilities. What makes unextendable that we write the city? On this quest we screened a character haunted by a voice which urges him to walk on the Rio de Janeiro’s streets that disorientates his senses intoxicated by comfortable certainties. On the following we analyze this process by the light of the Epicurus and Lucretius’ philosophical materialism, aiming to propose an urban writing that doesn’t interpret urban phenomena but transgressing the senses creates cities and subjectivities.La ciudad está siendo objeto de innumerables escritas. La escriben los desertores mientras rumban hacia sus casas de campo o comunidades auto-sostenibles. La escriben los ocupas en las escuelas, los edificios abandonados, las universidades. Escriben pesarosos los economistas con sus sacras probabilidades. ¿Qué hace improrrogable que escribamos la ciudad? En esta búsqueda hemos puesto en cena un personaje azumbrado por una voz que le insta a caminar por las calles de un Rio de Janeiro que le desorienta los sentidos intoxicados de confortables certezas. A continuación hemos pensado este proceso bajo la luz del materialismo filosófico de Epicuro y Lucrecio, objetivando la proposición de una escrita urbana que no solamente interpreta los fenómenos urbanos, aunque transgrediendo el sensible inventa ciudades y subjetividades

Silêncios que assombram: encantamentos de dois corpos nos limiares da cidade

Este artigo ensaia um encontro inusitado entre personagens infames de distintas urbes brasileiras. Trata-se de uma fabulação de encantados, cujas existências acreditamos que desafiam e assombram a eficácia do planejamento de cidades que se querem modelos. Pela narração de suas histórias, não se pretende incidir mais luz sobre seus corpos, mas sustentar que – em espaços inconclusos onde o silêncio habita – torna-se possível ouvir o murmúrio da vida que se politiza sem recorrer ao alarde

Are children playgrounds safe play areas? Inorganic analysis and lead isotope ratios for contamination assessment in recreational (Brazilian) parks

In city playgrounds, there is a potential risk of harming children’s health by contamination coming from anthropogenic activities. With the aim to determinate the sources and the risk of hazardous elements, soil samples were collected in 19 selected playgrounds of different urban and rural areas from the Rio Grande do Sul state (Brazil). The concentration of 23 metals and metalloids and lead isotopic ratios were determined by ICP-MS. The methodology proposed here, firstly, classified the parks according to the average metal content by means of the NWACs (Normalized-and-Weighted Average Concentrations) and assess the contamination risk determining the Contamination Factors (CFs). Finally, statistical tools (correlation analysis and principal component analysis) were used to identify the most important contamination sources. The statistical tools used, together with lead isotopic composition analysis of the samples, revealed that coal combustion is the main source of contamination in the area. Vegetation was identified as a barrier for the contamination coming from the city. Nonetheless, some of the soils present a possible toxicological risk for humans. In fact, Cr, Sb, and Pb concentrations were higher than the Residential Intervention Values (VIRs) defined by the Environmental Protection Agency of the State of São Paulo, also in Brazil

Impact of a 1755-like tsunami in Huelva, Spain

Abstract. Coastal areas are highly exposed to natural hazards associated with the sea. In all cases where there is historical evidence for devastating tsunamis, as is the case of the southern coasts of the Iberian Peninsula, there is a need for quantitative hazard tsunami assessment to support spatial planning. Also, local authorities must be able to act towards the population protection in a preemptive way, to inform “what to do” and “where to go” and in an alarm, to make people aware of the incoming danger. With this in mind, we investigated the inundation extent, run-up and water depths, of a 1755-like event on the region of Huelva, located on the Spanish southwestern coast, one of the regions that was affected in the past by several high energy events, as proved by historical documents and sedimentological data. Modelling was made with a slightly modified version of the COMCOT (Cornell Multi-grid Coupled Tsunami Model) code. Sensitivity tests were performed for a single source in order to understand the relevance and influence of the source parameters in the inundation extent and the fundamental impact parameters. We show that a 1755-like event will have a dramatic impact in a large area close to Huelva inundating an area between 82 and 92 km2 and reaching maximum run-up around 5 m. In this sense our results show that small variations on the characteristics of the tsunami source are not too significant for the impact assessment. We show that the maximum flow depth and the maximum run-up increase with the average slip on the source, while the strike of the fault is not a critical factor as Huelva is significantly far away from the potential sources identified up to now. We also show that the maximum flow depth within the inundated area is very dependent on the tidal level, while maximum run-up is less affected, as a consequence of the complex morphology of the area

Genetic and phenotypic characterisation of HIV-associated aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, which do not occur specifically in this population: diagnostic and prognostic implications

The frequency of aggressive subtypes of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL), such as high-grade B-cell lymphomas (HGBL) with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangement (HGBL-DH/TH) or Burkitt-like lymphoma (BL) with 11q aberration, is not well known in the HIV setting. We aimed to characterise HIV-associated aggressive B-NHL according to the 2017 WHO criteria, and to identify genotypic and phenotypic features with prognostic impact. Seventy-five HIV-associated aggressive B-NHL were studied by immunohistochemistry (CD10, BCL2, BCL6, MUM1, MYC, and CD30), EBV-encoded RNAs (EBERs), and fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) to evaluate the status of the MYC, BCL2, and BCL6 genes and chromosome 11q. The 2017 WHO classification criteria and the Hans algorithm, for the cell-of-origin classification of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL), were applied. In DLBCL cases, the frequencies of MYC and BCL6 rearrangements (14.9 and 27.7%, respectively) were similar to those described in HIV-negative patients, but BCL2 rearrangements were infrequent (4.3%). MYC expression was identified in 23.4% of DLBCL cases, and coexpression of MYC and BCL2 in 13.0%, which was associated with a worse prognosis. As for BL cases, the expression of MUM1 (30.4%) conferred a worse prognosis. Finally, the prevalence of HGBL-DH/TH and BL-like with 11q aberration are reported in the HIV setting. The phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of HIV-associated aggressive B-NHL are similar to those of the general population, except for the low frequency of BCL2 rearrangements in DLBCL. MYC and BCL2 coexpression in DLBCL, and MUM-1 expression in BL, have a negative prognostic impact on HIV-infected individuals.Peer reviewe