Efecto de una restricción alimenticia después del destete sobre la mortalidad y los rendimientos productivos de conejos en cebo

En este trabajo se ha estudiado el efecto de una restricción alimenticia moderada 15 y gradual después del destete (alrededor de 35 d de edad) sobre los rendimientos 16 productivos y la eficiencia alimenticia global del cebo. La restricción consistió en 17 suministrar una cantidad limitada de alimento (80, 100 y 120 g/d) en las tres semanas 18 siguientes al destete. Se han realizado seis ensayos, con 480 animales cada uno, 19 utilizando seis piensos comerciales que diferían en el tipo de medicación. En estos 20 ensayos se controlaron los parámetros de crecimiento, eficacia alimenticia global y 21 mortalidad durante el periodo de restricción y en el conjunto del cebo (destete a 63-67 d 22 de edad). El número de ooquistes y de Clostridium perfringens en heces duras fue 23 también evaluado en cada tratamiento. En ninguno de los ensayos se detectaron 24 problemas de elevada mortalidad causada por ERE. En estas condiciones, la mortalidad 25 de los gazapos restringidos se redujo un 33% (P=0,02) en el periodo de restricción y 26 tendió a disminuir en el conjunto del periodo de cebo. Los resultados obtenidos 27 muestran además que una restricción alimenticia moderada mejora en un 4% (Pmenor que0,001) 28 la eficiencia alimenticia global del cebo, sin afectar al peso total de animales enviado a 29 matadero. Además, la adopción de medidas que disminuyan la proliferación de 30 coccidios y C. perfringens en el contenido digestivo pueden resultar útiles para reducir 31 la mortalidad de conejos durante el ceb

The role of conductive additives on the performance of hybrid carbon xerogels as electrodes in aqueous supercapacitors

Three different hybrid carbon xerogels containing Graphene Oxide (AXGO), Micronized Graphite (AXMG) and Carbon Black (AXCB) were synthesized using an easy, fast and affordable method. These three additives were initially selected to improve the electrical conductivity of the pristine activated carbon xerogel (AX) thus expecting to improve its performance in aqueous supercapacitors. Capacitances of the corresponding devices were measured as a function of current density and results of the high and low charge transfer regime of the supercapacitors were discussed separately. In both regimes, the differences observed between the hybrid electrodes were analyzed on the basis of the concurrent influence of the micro and mesoporosity, surface chemistry and electrical conductivity of the materials. Accordingly, even though all the hybrid carbon xerogels showed higher electrical conductivities, only AXGO rendered a better performance than AX, showing the highest capacitances in the whole interval of intensities studied. Consequently, at 16 A g−1, the energy and power densities of the AXGO supercapacitors increased up to 16% and 97%, respectively, with respect to AX, and of 143% and 409%, respectively, with respect to a commercial activated carbon used as reference. The performance of AXCB and, especially AXMG was worse than AX supercapacitors due to a combination of inadequate pore size distributions and/or a poor surface chemistry. Finally, TEM analysis helped to understand the different way the three additives were affecting the nanostructure (and final properties) of the hybrid carbon xerogels.Authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad from Spain (Project CTQ2017-87820-R). MCR also acknowledges CSIC (Project I.E. 201880E010)

Cytogenetic analysis of 280 patients with multiple myeloma and related disorders: primary breakpoints and clinical correlations

Cytogenetic analysis of unstimulated short-term bone marrow cell cultures was performed on 280 patients with multiple myeloma and related disorders. In 65% of the cases, an additional short term B-cell stimulated culture was also examined. Chromosomally abnormal clones were found in 31% of the patients, 15% in Waldenström macroglobulinemia. 25% in monoclonal gammopathies, 33% in multiple myeloma, and 50% in plasma cell leukemia. Three primary chromosomal breakpoints were recurrently involved: 14q32, 16q22, and 22q11. Structural rearrangements of chromosome 1 were the most frequent (26% of the abnormal cases), but always as a secondary change. Rearrangements of band 14q32 were found in 22% of the abnormal cases. Among the multiple myeloma patients who showed an abnormal karyotype, 33 (46%) were hyperdiploid, most frequently, with 52-56 chromosomes, 29 patients (40%) were pseudodiploid, and the remaining 12 cases (14%) were hypodiploid. A highly significant relation was observed between the presence of an abnormal karyotype and the following clinical parameters: stage III (P = 0.0001), bone marrow plasma cell infiltration greater than 30% (P = 0.0001), presence of bone lesions (P = 0.0009), and beta 2-microglobulin levels greater than 4 mg/L (P = 0.0001)

Cdc20 hypomorphic mice fail to counteract de novo synthesis of cyclin B1 in mitosis

Low expression levels of Cdc20 result in chromatin bridging and chromosome misalignment, revealing a requirement for Cdc20 in efficient sister chromosome separation and chromosome–microtubule attachment

The first multi-model ensemble of regional climate simulations at kilometer-scale resolution, part I: evaluation of precipitation

Here we present the first multi-model ensemble of regional climate simulations at kilometer-scale horizontal grid spacing over a decade long period. A total of 23 simulations run with a horizontal grid spacing of ∼3 km, driven by ERA-Interim reanalysis, and performed by 22 European research groups are analysed. Six different regional climate models (RCMs) are represented in the ensemble. The simulations are compared against available high-resolution precipitation observations and coarse resolution (∼ 12 km) RCMs with parameterized convection. The model simulations and observations are compared with respect to mean precipitation, precipitation intensity and frequency, and heavy precipitation on daily and hourly timescales in different seasons. The results show that kilometer-scale models produce a more realistic representation of precipitation than the coarse resolution RCMs. The most significant improvements are found for heavy precipitation and precipitation frequency on both daily and hourly time scales in the summer season. In general, kilometer-scale models tend to produce more intense precipitation and reduced wet-hour frequency compared to coarse resolution models. On average, the multi-model mean shows a reduction of bias from ∼ −40% at 12 km to ∼ −3% at 3 km for heavy hourly precipitation in summer. Furthermore, the uncertainty ranges i.e. the variability between the models for wet hour frequency is reduced by half with the use of kilometer-scale models. Although differences between the model simulations at the kilometer-scale and observations still exist, it is evident that these simulations are superior to the coarse-resolution RCM simulations in the representing precipitation in the present-day climate, and thus offer a promising way forward for investigations of climate and climate change at local to regional scales

The first multi-model ensemble of regional climate simulations at kilometer-scale resolution. Part I: Evaluation of precipitation

Here we present the first multi-model ensemble of regional climate simulations at kilometer-scale horizontal grid spacing over a decade long period. A total of 23 simulations run with a horizontal grid spacing of ∼ 3 km, driven by ERA-Interim reanalysis, and performed by 22 European research groups are analysed. Six different regional climate models (RCMs) are represented in the ensemble. The simulations are compared against available high-resolution precipitation observations and coarse resolution (∼ 12 km) RCMs with parameterized convection. The model simulations and observations are compared with respect to mean precipitation, precipitation intensity and frequency, and heavy precipitation on daily and hourly timescales in different seasons. The results show that kilometer-scale models produce a more realistic representation of precipitation than the coarse resolution RCMs. The most significant improvements are found for heavy precipitation and precipitation frequency on both daily and hourly time scales in the summer season. In general, kilometer-scale models tend to produce more intense precipitation and reduced wet-hour frequency compared to coarse resolution models. On average, the multi-model mean shows a reduction of bias from ∼ −40 at 12 km to ∼ −3 at 3 km for heavy hourly precipitation in summer. Furthermore, the uncertainty ranges i.e. the variability between the models for wet hour frequency is reduced by half with the use of kilometer-scale models. Although differences between the model simulations at the kilometer-scale and observations still exist, it is evident that these simulations are superior to the coarse-resolution RCM simulations in the representing precipitation in the present-day climate, and thus offer a promising way forward for investigations of climate and climate change at local to regional scales. © 2021, The Author(s)

Zn treatment effects on biological potential of fennel bulbs as affected by in vitro digestion process

Zn treatment effects on the stability of polyphenols, MDA (malondialdehyde) content, antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibition activities of two varieties of fennel bulbs were studied by using an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model. Likewise, the effect of Zn on viability cells of E. coli was also performed. The results revealed that high amounts of total phenolic and flavonoid compounds were released during the digestion process, especially after the intestinal phase. Additionally, the antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibitory activity were affected by the gastrointestinal digestion process and seems to be correlated with total phenol contents. On the other hand, the viability of E. coli was not affected by the activity of our tested bulbs during passage through the artificial digestion model, but the treated bulbs activity contribute relatively to the inhibition growth of bacteria. The survival of E. coli in fennel bulbs was challenged with simulated gastrointestinal fluids and the results showed that the E. coli strains, despite having experienced a viability reduction at the intestinal phase, were able to overcome the exposure to the gastrointestinal synthetic fluids. This E. coli ability reinforces the need for good hygienic measures to assure safe fresh produce, even for those that are rich in antibacterial compounds.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Assessment of the Production of Oligomeric Compounds from Sugar Beet Pulp

In order to obtain pectin-derived oligosaccharides (mainly arabinooligosaccharides and oligogalacturonides), samples of sugar beet pulp (SBP) were subjected to hydrothermal processing under nonisothermal conditions. Experiments carried out to reach temperatures in the range 160¿175 °C (corresponding to values of the severity factor R0 in the range 287¿835 min) led to comparatively high concentrations of both oligogalacturonides and arabinooligosaccharides. When SBP was treated to achieve a maximum temperature of 160 °C (R0 = 287 min) or 163 °C (R0 = 357 min), the overall amount of oligomers present in the reaction liquors recovered by pressing accounted for 31.2 and 29.9 g/100 g of oven-dried SBP, respectively, with a limited amount of nonvolatile impurities (about 0.15 g/g of oven-dried matter) and a mass ratio of arabinooligosaccharides/oligogalacturonides of about 1:1. Spent solids were washed with water, and the washing liquors were assayed for oligomers. Recovery of washing liquors would increase the overall yield process by 10%, to reach near 33 g/100 g of oven-dried SBP. Washed spent solids (with increased cellulose content) were obtained as a process byproduct