Pt/CeO_2-MnO_x催化剂的火焰燃烧合成及其苯催化氧化性能

以苯系物为代表的挥发性有机物(VOCs)是大气污染及室内空气污染的重要污染物,长期接触对人体健康造成极大影响。目前为止有效的处理方式之一是采用催化氧化法将苯系物转化为水和二氧化碳。苯系物催化氧化反应中,负载型催化剂贵金属组分的分散状态、价态等因素对催化氧化活性影响很大。本文通过调节贵金属Pt在CeO_2-MnO_x载体上的分散状态以及贵金属价态等,利用改进的火焰燃烧

Powder spreader

本实用新型涉及一种自动铺平金属粉末的装置,具体地说是一种在选择性激光烧结系统中用于铺平金属粉末的铺粉器。它采用移动式原料箱和活塞式工件箱,活塞在工件箱中下降一个层厚的高度,原料箱从工件箱的一侧移动到另一侧,将金属粉末铺入工件箱中,完成铺粉过程。原料箱底面加工出过渡圆角,对粉末起到压实作用。它体积小、用粉省、结构简化

Calligraphy of Psychological Therapy on Children after the Earthquake Post-traumatic Stress Reaction Psychological Intervention

目的发掘文化资源中的灾后心理干预方法,验证具有中国文化特征书法治疗的有效性。方法采用香港大学高尚仁教授创立的书法治疗方法对德阳地区2所小学的80名四、五年级有明显创伤后应激反应的小学生进行对照实验。实验组41名学生,对照组39名学生。研究在地震后1年进行。实验组每天进行书法练习,每次完成5页的定量训练;对照组正常上课,实验为期30天。以事件冲击量表(儿童版CRIES-13)问卷、唾液皮质醇分别作为筛选和干预效果指标。结果干预结束后,实验组唾液皮质醇和CRIES阳性指标显著下降,对照组差异不显著。结论书法治疗能有效缓解创伤后应激反应,是一项值得推广的心理干预方法

书法心理治疗对震后210名小学生创伤后应激反应的心理干预

发掘文化资源中的灾后心理干预方法,验证具有中国文化特征书法治疗的有效性.方法 采用香港大学高尚仁教授创立的书法治疗方法对德阳地区2所小学的80名四、五年级有明显创伤后应激反应的小学生进行对照实验.实验组41名学生,对照组39名学生.研究在地震后1年进行.实验组每天进行书法练习,每次完成5页的定量训练;对照组正常上课,实验为期30天.以事件冲击量表(儿童版CRIES-13)问卷、唾液皮质醇分别作为筛选和干预效果指标.结果 干预结束后,实验组唾液皮质醇和CRIES阳性指标显著下降,对照组差异不显著.结论 书法治疗能有效缓解创伤后应激反应,是一项值得推广的心理干预方法

Aripiprazole versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: In most western industrialised countries, second generation (atypical) antipsychotics are recommended as first line drug treatments for people with schizophrenia. In this review we specifically examine how the efficacy and tolerability of one such agent - aripiprazole - differs from that of other comparable second generation antipsychotics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of aripiprazole compared with other atypical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register (November 2011), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials, and contacted relevant pharmaceutical companies, drug approval agencies and authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing aripiprazole (oral) with oral and parenteral forms of amisulpride, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, ziprasidone or zotepine for people with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data independently. For dichotomous data we calculated risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) on an intention-to-treat basis based on a random-effects model. Where possible, we calculated illustrative comparative risks for primary outcomes. For continuous data, we calculated mean differences (MD), again based on a random-effects model. We assessed risk of bias for each included study. MAIN RESULTS: We included 12 trials involving 6389 patients. Aripiprazole was compared to olanzapine, risperidone and ziprasidone. All trials were sponsored by an interested drug manufacturer. The overall number of participants leaving studies early was 30% to 40%, limiting validity (no differences between groups).When compared with olanzapine no differences were apparent for global state (no clinically important change: n = 703, 1 RCT, RR short-term 1.00 95% CI 0.81 to 1.22; n = 317, 1 RCT, RR medium-term 1.08 95% CI 0.95 to 1.22) but mental state tended to favour olanzapine (n = 1360, 3 RCTs, MD total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) 4.68 95% CI 2.21 to 7.16). There was no significant difference in extrapyramidal symptoms (n = 529, 2 RCTs, RR 0.99 95% CI 0.62 to 1.59) but fewer in the aripiprazole group had increased cholesterol levels (n = 223, 1 RCT, RR 0.32 95% CI 0.19 to 0.54) or weight gain of 7% or more of total body weight (n = 1095, 3 RCTs, RR 0.39 95% CI 0.28 to 0.54).When compared with risperidone, aripiprazole showed no advantage in terms of global state (n = 384, 2 RCTs, RR no important improvement 1.14 95% CI 0.81 to 1.60) or mental state (n = 372, 2 RCTs, MD total PANSS 1.50 95% CI -2.96 to 5.96).One study compared aripiprazole with ziprasidone (n = 247) and both the groups reported similar change in the global state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD average change in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score -0.03 95% CI -0.28 to 0.22) and mental state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD change PANSS -3.00 95% CI -7.29 to 1.29).When compared with any one of several new generation antipsychotic drugs the aripiprazole group showed improvement in global state in energy (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.69 95% CI 0.56 to 0.84), mood (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.77 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92), negative symptoms (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.82 95% CI 0.68 to 0.99), somnolence (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.80 95% CI 0.69 to 0.93) and weight gain (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.84 95% CI 0.76 to 0.94). Significantly more people given aripiprazole reported symptoms of nausea (n = 2881, 3 RCTs, RR 3.13 95% CI 2.12 to 4.61) but weight gain (7% or more of total body weight) was less common in people allocated aripiprazole (n = 330, 1 RCT, RR 0.35 95% CI 0.19 to 0.64). Aripiprazole may have value in aggression but data are limited. This will be the focus of another review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Information on all comparisons are of limited quality, are incomplete and problematic to apply clinically. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug with a variant but not absent adverse effect profile. Long-term data are sparse and there is considerable scope for another update of this review as new data emerges from the many Chinese studies as well as from ongoing larger, independent pragmatic trials