11 research outputs found

    Enhanced cycling performance and high energy density of LiFePO4 based lithium ion batteries

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    LiFePO4 attracts a lot of attention as cathode materials for the next generation of lithium ion batteries. However, LiFePO4 has a poor rate capability attributed to low electronic conductivity and low density. There is seldom data reported on lithium ion batteries with LiFePO4 as cathode and graphite as anode. According to our experimental results, the capacity fading on cycling is surprisingly negligible at 1664 cycles for the cell type 042040. It delivers a capacity of 1170 mAh for 18650 cell type at 4.5C discharge rate. It is confirmed that lithium ion batteries with LiFePO4 as cathode are suitable for electric vehicle application. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

    层状Li(Ni1-xCox)O2中Li离子首次脱出和嵌入行为研究

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    共沉淀法合成的层状Li(Ni1-xCox)O2,其中x=0.1,0.2,0.3和1,采用XRD和电化学方法对合成的层状Li(Ni1-xCox)O2进行了研究.研究表明在镍酸锂中随着Co含量的增加,Co的增加改变了镍离子与周围氧离子和锂离子的相互作用,阻止了锂离子择优位离开镍酸锂晶体,因此,在镍酸锂中增加一定Co可以阻止镍酸锂由H1向M相转变.同理,在钴酸锂中增加一定Ni可以阻止钴酸锂由H1向H2相和H2相向M相转变.锂离子择优位离开镍酸锂时,存在J-T效应,使得镍酸锂在脱锂过程中发生H1向M相转变,与镍

    橄榄石LiFePO_4第一性原理计算研究进展

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    锂离子电池是一种新型能源,与现有的可充电电池(铅酸电池、镉镍电池和金属氢化物镍电池)相比,在比能量上占有明显优势,目前比能量可高达170~180Wh/kg,是Cd-Ni电池的4倍,MH-Ni电池的2倍。锂离子电池的高T作电压(3.6V)使其相当于3节镉镍电池或金属氢化物镍电池的串连,有利于电池的小型化、轻量化。同时,又具有自放电率低(一般月自放电率小于6%)、长循环寿命的优点.,而且对环境友善,没有污染,是一种绿色能源。自从锂离子电池1991年成功进入世界市场,凭借以上优越性能,在手提电话,摄像机,笔记本电脑和各种便携设备方面的应用越来越广泛。随着新能源的不断开发和利用,对电解液和电极材料的要求也越来越高,特别是对环境的关注和对能源短缺的思考使得人们对锂离子电池进行了新的改进。开发新型电池正极材料是锂离子电池研究的一项重要内容,目前的研究处在实验阶段。由于候选材料的多样性,导致实验上消耗大量的人力、物力和财力,于是从理论上寻求一种计算方法对实验结果进行解释,对相关的材料进行稳定性和电化学性能预测,从而找出一些普遍性规律,已引起研究人员的广泛关注。Ceder于1998年在Nature杂志上发表了《使用第一性原理计算来指导锂离子电池正极材料合成》的研究论文,文中计算出LiAIO_2的嵌入电压高达5.4 V,但纯的LiAIO_2 是电子绝缘体,所以考虑用A1部分替代LiCoO_2 中的Co元素,可以调节电压值,还有利于提高质量比容量。从那时起,理论计算预测锂离子电池正极材料的性能越来越重要

    世界铜鼓之王——北流型101号铜鼓铸造工艺研究

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    体大壁薄的世界铜鼓之三──北流型101号铜鼓是世界上迄今所见最大的一面铜鼓,具有相当大的铸造难度。本文对北流型101号铜鼓的内外陶范及鼓耳的制作方法、内范结构、在外范上直接制作纹饰的方式、浇注工艺和垫片的使用等古代铸造工艺进行了研究。还探讨了该铜鼓的结构特征及鼓足残缺的成因

    准噶尔荒漠生物多样性及其与环境作用关系研究

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    一、项目简要说明: 准噶尔盆地荒漠是我国乃至世界温带荒漠的典型代表。本项目对准噶尔荒漠生物多样性现状进行了深入研究,对重要物种的濒危状况和生存现状进行评价,开展关键种和重要野生生物资源的保护生物学研究,并提出切实可行的保护策略;对重要生物类群之间的相互作用关系以及重要生物类群对环境的响应及适应机制进行研究。研究对于温带荒漠生物多样性的保育与可持续利用、维护生态环境安全具有重要的理论和现实意义。 出版专著2部、发表论文61篇。其中SCI收录14篇,共被引用43次;2篇被EI收录;42篇被CSCD收录,被引用66次,有两篇研究论文获奖。申请发明专利3项,软件登记1项。培养博士生..

    荒漠地表生物结皮形成机制及其生态功能研究

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    该项目研究了生物结皮的种类组成、宏观分布及其环境特征,沙漠生物结皮形成机制、对地表稳定性的作用、对种子植物多样性的影响、对降水渗入的影响,生物结皮的光合与生理特征、微结构发育特征,结皮的有关物种进行培养、进行室外内及野外试验。构建了适用于冷沙漠的生物结皮指数BSCI,及沙漠生物结皮空间分布特征;提出了适度干扰有利于荒漠种子植物多样性观点;对沙漠生物结皮年固氮量进行了估算;揭示了生物结皮微结构及其演替规律;提出了低营养细菌、荒漠藻类及荒漠藓类植物的适宜培养条件

    Interfaces between hexagonal and cubic oxides and their structure alternatives

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    现代多功能微电子器件的制备往往涉及多层薄膜材料的集成,其中,具有不同对称结构的材料的界面耦合通常对器件性能产生重要的影响。以氧化锌 (ZnO) 为例,当ZnO中心对称性破坏后,由于衬底耦合平面取向的改变可使得器件性能得到改善,从而可成为优化器件设计的途径之一。该项科研成果对不同对称结构的功能材料的界面集成具有指导意义,并且通过可控生长的设计,有助于进一步拓展ZnO作为第三代宽禁带半导体的应用领域。 该项研究第一作者为周华,系我校物理系2015届博士毕业生,该研究成果是其在攻读博士学位时的课题及其延伸,由王惠琼和郑金成两位教授分别从实验和理论研究方面进行指导,依托于康俊勇教授领导的福建省半导体材料及应用重点实验室和半导体光电材料及其高效转换器件协同创新中心。美国布鲁克海文国家实验室的吴力军博士作为共同第一作者,负责扫描透射电镜的表征工作。美国布鲁克海文国家实验室 (Brookhaven National Laboratory) 的朱溢眉教授作为共同通讯作者。【Abstract】Multi-layer structure of functional materials often involves the integration of different crystalline phases. The film growth orientation thus frequently exhibits a transformation, owing to multiple possibilities caused by incompatible in-plane structural symmetry. Nevertheless, the detailed mechanism of the transformation has not yet been fully explored. Here we thoroughly probe the heteroepitaxially grown hexagonal zinc oxide (ZnO) films on cubic (001)-magnesium oxide (MgO) substrates using advanced scanning transition electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and first principles calculations, revealing two distinct interface models of (001) ZnO/(001) MgO and (100) ZnO/(001) MgO. We have found that the structure alternatives are controlled thermodynamically by the nucleation, while kinetically by the enhanced Zn adsorption and O diffusion upon the phase transformation. This work not only provides a guideline for the interface fabrication with distinct crystalline phases but also shows how polar and non-polar hexagonal ZnO films might be manipulated on the same cubic substrate.This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1332105, 61227009, and 91321102), the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities (Grant No. 20720160020). The electron microscopy work at the Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Department, BNL was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science (BES), Materials Science and Engineering Division, and work at the Center for Functional Nanomaterials was supported by BES Scientific User Facilities Division, both were under Contract No. DE-SC0012704. 该项研究工作得到国家自然科学基金、厦门大学校长基金和美国能源部基金的支持

    Variations in the Upper Paleolithic adaptations of North China: A review of the evidence and implications for the onset of food production

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    JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay pνˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

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    The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in pνˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via pνˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is 9.6×10339.6 \times 10^{33} years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

    JUNO sensitivity on proton decay pνK+p → νK^{+} searches

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